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"Guinea Pigs"
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Guinea pigs in our classroom
The concepts of life science and animal care are combined to teach readers all about the guinea pig.
Book
Incorporation of Azadirachta indica kernel in the diet of guinea pigs: effects on digestibility and caecal health
The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of neem (
Azadirachta indica
) kernel powder supplementation on the digestibility of feed chemical components and the composition of caecal microbiota in guinea pig. One hundred and thirty guinea pigs were randomly assigned to four groups. For 27 days, the animals were fed once daily with either a standard control diet (complete concentrate) or a concentrated mixture with 2.5, 5 or 7.5% (w/w) neem kernel powder. The results showed a significant increase in feed intake and digestibility with the rate of kernel incorporation. In the caeca content, the log count of lactic acid bacteria and
Clostridium butyricum
increased quadratically (
P
< 0.001) with the supplementation level whereas
Escherichia coli
count decreased. The results suggest that neem kernel powder could be used as a phytogenic supplement for guinea pigs, enhancing both nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota quality.
Journal Article
Cull guinea pigs: carcass and non-carcass traits in males and females compared to their fattening counterparts
Culling of guinea pigs can provide a large number of animals per year for meat production, but little information is available in the scientific literature on the carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of these animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the carcass and non-carcass characteristics of cull guinea pigs in comparison to their fattening counterparts. Forty-eight fattening (3 months-age, 24 females and 24 males) and forty-eight cull (14 months-age, 24 females and 24 males) guinea pigs were slaughtered and carcass yield, linear measurements, tissular composition, and non-carcass components were evaluated. In general, cull guinea pigs had higher carcass, tissue, and non-carcass component weights. Cull male and both female guinea pig groups had similar carcass yields. Cull animals had higher carcass and hind leg lengths, lumbar and thoracic circumferences, and carcass compactness than their young counterparts. However, a sex effect was found for leg compactness depending on whether they were fattened or cull. Tissue percentages values were similar between fattening and culling animals of the same sex. However, females had a higher percentage of fat tissue than males. Fattening females had the best muscle to bone ratio, followed by cull males. The non-carcass elements were more represented in fattening animals than in culls, probably due to an allometric growth of the viscera in relation to the rest of the body. In commercial and cooking terms, this information is valuable for producers and researchers who need to understand the factors that influence carcass characteristics of guinea pigs.
Journal Article
Grace and the Guinea Pig
This fiction STEM and STEAM title provides emerging readers the chance to experience a range of science, technology, engineering, art, and/or math subject matter at their ability level. When paired with its nonfiction counterpart, the reader gains two perspectives for analysis on the same topic from different sources. Glossary, Illustrations.
Book
Guinea pig herpes like virus is a gamma herpesvirus
Guinea Pig Herpes-Like Virus (GPHLV) is a virus isolated from leukemic guinea pigs with herpes virus-like morphology described by Hsiung and Kaplow in 1969. GPHLV transformed embryonic cells from Syrian hamsters or rats, which were tumorigenic in adult animals. Herein, we present the genomic sequence of GPHLV strain LK40 as a reference for future molecular analysis. GPHLV has a broad host tropism and replicates efficiently in Guinea pig, Cat, and Green African Monkey-derived cell lines. GPHLV has a GC content of 35.45%. The genome is predicted to encode at least 75 open-reading frames (ORFs) with 84% (63 ORFs) sharing homology to human Kaposi Sarcoma Associated Herpes Virus (KSHV). Importantly, GPHLV encodes homologues of the KSHV oncogenes, vBCL2 (ORF16), vPK (ORF36), viral cyclin (v-cyclin, ORF72), the latency associated nuclear antigen (LANA, ORF73), and vGPCR (ORF74). GPHLV is a Rhadinovirus of Cavia porcellus, and we propose the formal name of Caviid gamma herpesvirus 1 (CaGHV-1). GPHLV can be a novel small animal model of Rhadinovirus pathogenesis with broad host tropism.
Journal Article
Gasp of the ghoulish guinea pig
\"Joe's latest visitor needs help fast--to save his litter mates from the ghoulish grave! Flash, a guinea pig, needs Joe to guard his family from an escaped snake! Will the Protector of Undead Pets prevail, or will Flash have company for his final crossing?\"--Publisher.
Book
Ancient DNA of Guinea Pigs (Cavia spp.) Indicates a Probable New Center of Domestication and Pathways of Global Distribution
Guinea pigs (
Cavia
spp.) have a long association with humans. From as early as 10,000 years ago they were a wild food source. Later, domesticated
Cavia porcellus
were dispersed well beyond their native range through pre-Columbian exchange networks and, more recently, widely across the globe. Here we present 46 complete mitogenomes of archaeological guinea pigs from sites in Peru, Bolivia, Colombia, the Caribbean, Belgium and the United States to elucidate their evolutionary history, origins and paths of dispersal. Our results indicate an independent centre of domestication of
Cavia
in the eastern Colombian Highlands. We identify a Peruvian origin for the initial introduction of domesticated guinea pigs (
Cavia porcellus
) beyond South America into the Caribbean. We also demonstrate that Peru was the probable source of the earliest known guinea pigs transported, as part of the exotic pet trade, to both Europe and the southeastern United States. Finally, we identify a modern reintroduction of guinea pigs to Puerto Rico, where local inhabitants use them for food. This research demonstrates that the natural and cultural history of guinea pigs is more complex than previously known and has implications for other studies regarding regional to global-scale studies of mammal domestication, translocation, and distribution.
Journal Article
Nearly 30 Years of Animal Models to Study Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Historical Overview and Future Perspectives
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, multigenic, multifactorial, and non-cell autonomous neurodegenerative disease characterized by upper and lower motor neuron loss. Several genetic mutations lead to ALS development and many emerging gene mutations have been discovered in recent years. Over the decades since 1990, several animal models have been generated to study ALS pathology including both vertebrates and invertebrates such as yeast, worms, flies, zebrafish, mice, rats, guinea pigs, dogs, and non-human primates. Although these models show different peculiarities, they are all useful and complementary to dissect the pathological mechanisms at the basis of motor neuron degeneration and ALS progression, thus contributing to the development of new promising therapeutics. In this review, we describe the up to date and available ALS genetic animal models, classified by the different genetic mutations and divided per species, pointing out their features in modeling, the onset and progression of the pathology, as well as their specific pathological hallmarks. Moreover, we highlight similarities, differences, advantages, and limitations, aimed at helping the researcher to select the most appropriate experimental animal model, when designing a preclinical ALS study.
Journal Article