Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
541
result(s) for
"Gunnar Myrdal"
Sort by:
Economic development and environmental policy in Turkey: an institutionalist critique
Turkey has has a prolonged exemplary experience with economic development. In this paper we will trace the emergence of an environmental concern within development planning in Turkey, after a brief theoretical discussion on rival frameworks. It is our contention that, whereas economic policies are planned to meet certain goals, environmental policies are formulated after observing the results of these economic policies and only in a fragmented manner. What is needed is an alternative comprehensive policy based on a theoretical framework in tune with Karl Polanyi, Gunnar Myrdal, William Kapp and Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, in order to uplift the analysis and policy design to a comprehensive level.
Journal Article
Beyond Tocqueville, Myrdal, and Hartz: The Multiple Traditions in America
Analysts of American politics since Tocqueville have seen the nation as a paradigmatic “liberal democratic” society, shaped most by the comparatively free and equal conditions and the Enlightenment ideals said to have prevailed at its founding. These accounts must be severely revised to recognize the inegalitarian ideologies and institutions of ascriptive hierarchy that defined the political status of racial and ethnic minorities and women through most of U.S. history. A study of the period 1870–1920 illustrates that American political culture is better understood as the often conflictual and contradictory product of multiple political traditions, than as the expression of hegemonic liberal or democratic political traditions.
Journal Article
Between growth and security
The notion of social policy as a productive investment and a prerequisite for economic growth became a core feature in the ideology of Swedish social democracy, and a central component of the universalism of the Swedish welfare state. However as the Swedish Social Democratic Party (SAP) embarked on its Third Way in 1981, this outlook on social policy as a productive investment was replaced by the identification of social policy as a cost and a burden for growth. This book discusses the components of this ideological turnaround from Swedish social democracy’s post-war notion of a strong society, to its notion of a Third Way in the early 1980s. It is a novel and innovative contribution to the history of Swedish social democracy and recent developments in the Swedish welfare state, and it also sheds light on contemporary social policy debates. It will appeal to a wide readership from students of contemporary history and politics to policy makers and specialists.
eBook
Veblen, Myrdal, and the Convergence Hypothesis: Toward an Institutionalist Critique
An Institutionalist critique that draws from selected contributions of Veblen and Myrdal initiates a convergence debate. Challenged is a Neoclassical interpretation of economic processes expected to lead toward a catching up with respect to per capita output of Germany's poorer eastern region with the richer western region. Economic method is considered, and the Institutionalist School of Thought rooted in contributions of Veblen as well as Myrdal is touted for offering higher levels of explanatory power than the Neoclassical School. We challenge the usefulness of laws in Economic Science, and especially their applicability to the empirical economy. Instead of automatic forces driving a meliorative trend, we seek to establish that human agency and policy play determining roles in affecting economic and societal outcomes in Germany's eastern region.
Journal Article
Gunnar Myrdal and the Persistence of Germany's Regional Inequality
This paper seeks to establish that contributions to regional theory advanced by Gunnar Myrdal exhibit high levels of explanatory power when clarifying challenges facing Germany's eastern region since the fall of the Berlin Wall. Myrdal's evolutionary institutionalist contribution is contrasted with the \"convergence hypothesis\" advanced by R. Barro and X. Sala-i-Martin. Challenged is their prediction that Germany's eastern region would experience relatively higher annual rates of per capita output growth, and that levels of per capita output would converge between the eastern and western regions over time. Myrdal's approach is argued superior as it allows for considering backwash and spread effects within a framework of circular and cumulative causation, emerging between Germany's western and eastern regions.
Journal Article
From Austrian theory of capital to dissent: Nicholas Kaldor, Friedrich A. Hayek and the way to disequilibrium
Purpose: - In the early 1930s, Nicholas Kaldor could be classified as an Austrian economist. The author reconstructs the intertwined paths of Kaldor and Friedrich A. Hayek to disequilibrium economics through the theoretical deficiencies exposed by the Austrian theory of capital and its consequences on equilibrium analysis. Design/methodology/approach: - The author approaches the discussion using a theoretical and historical reconstruction based on published and unpublished materials. Findings: - The integration of capital theory into a business cycle theory by the Austrians and its shortcomings - e.g. criticized by Piero Sraffa and Gunnar Myrdal - called attention to the limitation of the theoretical apparatus of equilibrium analysis in dynamic contexts. This was a central element to Kaldor's emancipation in 1934 and his subsequent conversion to John Maynard Keynes' The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1936). In addition, it was pivotal to Hayek's reformulation of equilibrium as a social coordination problem in 'Economics and Knowledge' (1937). It also had implications for Kaldor's mature developments, such as the construction of the post-Keynesian models of growth and distribution, the Cambridge capital controversy, and his critique of neoclassical equilibrium economics. Originality/value: - The close encounter between Kaldor and Hayek in the early 1930s, the developments during that decade and its mature consequences are unexplored in the secondary literature. The author attempts to construct a coherent historical narrative that integrates many intertwined elements and personas (e.g. the reception of Knut Wicksell in the English-speaking world; Piero Sraffa's critique of Hayek; Gunnar Myrdal's critique of Wicksell, Hayek, and Keynes; the Hayek-Knight-Kaldor debate; the Kaldor-Hayek debate, etc.) that were not connected until now by previous commentators
Journal Article
An Institutionalist's Policy Advice to Address International Inequalities: The Contributions of Gunnar Myrdal
Gunnar Myrdal made important contributions to policy advice that address the problem of international inequalities. These emerged from his attack on mainstream equilibrium analyses as applied to underdevelopment. In reacting to this attack, the mainstream drew upon its theory of commercial policy, and classified him as a protectionist and supporter of import-substituting industrialization. This paper clarifies that he was in support of both export promotion and import substitution. He also showed a good awareness of the desirability in different contexts of the main trade-policy instruments, but was by no means reaching knee-jerk conclusions in ranking them as the subscribers to the theory of commercial policy do. This is in harmony with his concept of development as involving an upward movement of the entire social system, including the recognition that trade policy is only one component of any development plan and that there have to be domestic reforms as well.
Journal Article
To Protect and Serve? New Data on Police-Related Deaths Reveal a Persistent American Dilemma
[...]by expanding on their previous use and validation4 of a new source of high-quality data on police-related deaths compiled by the Guardian newspaper.1 Second, by incorporating measures of racial/ethnic and economic segregation to reveal stark differences in the risk of being killed by a police officer between non-Hispanic Black and White Americans. [...]the risk for non-Hispanic Black individuals is approximately two times higher in neighborhoods with the highest concentrations of non-Hispanic Whites. Yet, nearly three quarters of a century later-and after important judicial and legislative progress, in the form of Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, ongoing efforts of Affirmative Action, and the election of the first Black president of the United States- the findings of Feldman et al. serve as a painful reminder that much work remains to be done if we are to fully realize our nation's core values that we are all created equal and deserve unalienable rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
Journal Article
Empirical Analysis on the Mechanism of Industrial Park Driving Urban Expansion: A Case Study of Xining City
Taking Xining City as an example, this article analyzes the mechanism by which industrial park construction drives the expansion of urban population size and built-up area, based on a review of the process of industrial park development and urban population growth. It also discusses future urban governance models in light of urban development trends. The research finds: (1) In the process of urban development, industrial park construction is often the initial factor in the cumulative and cyclical development of a city; (2) As the level of development improves and the mode of economic growth changes, the government should timely adjust its strategies, shifting from the expansion of industrial park construction towards structural optimization and quality improvement. The most significant difference from previous research is that this paper emphasizes the importance of government planning. This study can not only demonstrate the general process of industrial parks promoting urban expansion, but more importantly, it explains the fundamental reasons for the transition of urban expansion to adjustment from a mechanism perspective, thereby eliminating the drawbacks of simply predicting urban scale evolution through data models.
Journal Article