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"HIGH-SPEED"
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High-speed trains
\"Hop on the fastest trains in the world to see where they go, how they work, and how fast these bullet trains can go.\"--Back cover.
Book
Heterogeneous and rate-dependent streptavidin–biotin unbinding revealed by high-speed force spectroscopy and atomistic simulations
Receptor–ligand interactions are essential for biological function and their binding strength is commonly explained in terms of static lock-and-key models based on molecular complementarity. However, detailed information on the full unbinding pathway is often lacking due, in part, to the static nature of atomic structures and ensemble averaging inherent to bulk biophysics approaches. Here we combine molecular dynamics and high-speed force spectroscopy on the streptavidin–biotin complex to determine the binding strength and unbinding pathways over the widest dynamic range. Experiment and simulation show excellent agreement at overlapping velocities and provided evidence of the unbinding mechanisms. During unbinding, biotin crosses multiple energy barriers and visits various intermediate states far from the binding pocket, while streptavidin undergoes transient induced fits, all varying with loading rate. This multistate process slows down the transition to the unbound state and favors rebinding, thus explaining the long lifetime of the complex. We provide an atomistic, dynamic picture of the unbinding process, replacing a simple two-state picture with one that involves many routes to the lock and ratedependent induced-fit motions for intermediates, which might be relevant for other receptor–ligand bonds.
Journal Article
Simulation and Experimental of Infiltration and Solidification Process for Alsub.2Osub.3/5083Al Interpenetrating Phase Composite for High Speed Train Prepared by Low-Pressure Infiltration
Understanding the infiltration and solidification processes of liquid 5083Al alloy into Al[sub.2]O[sub.3] three-dimensional reticulated porous ceramic (Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)] RPC) is essential for optimizing the microstructure and properties of Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)]/5083Al interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs) prepared by low-pressure infiltration process (LPIP). This study employs ProCAST software to simulate the infiltration and solidification processes of liquid 5083Al with pouring velocities (PV) of 0.4 m/s infiltrating into Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)] RPC preforms with varying porosities at different pouring temperatures (PT) to prepare Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)]/5083Al IPCs using LPIP. The results demonstrate that pore diameter of Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)] RPC preforms and PT of liquid 5083Al significantly influence the of the infiltration. Solidification process analysis reveals that the Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)] RPC preform with smaller pore diameters allows the lower pouring velocity of 5083Al to solidify faster compared to the preform with larger pore diameters. Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)]/5083Al IPCs were prepared successfully from Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)] RPC porosity of 15 PPI with liquid 5083Al at PV 0.4 m/s and PT 800 °C using LPIP, resulting in nearly fully dense composites, where both Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)] RPCs and 5083Al interpenetrate throughout the microstructure. The infiltration and solidification defects were reduced under air pressure of 0.3 MPa (corresponding to PV of 0.4 m/s) during LPIP. Finite volume method simulations are in good agreement with experimental data, validating the suitability of the simplified model for Al[sub.2]O[sub.3(3D)] RPCs in the infiltration simulation.
Journal Article
How does a high-speed train work?
Discusses the history of trains, the invention of high speed trains and high speed train systems around the world, and explains how they work.
Book
High-Speed and High-Precision Algorithm for LCCD-Based Triangulation Height Measurement
To achieve high-speed and high-precision measurements, this study introduces a height measurement system based on LCCD and optical triangulation that utilizes a gray-scale centroid algorithm for sub-pixel positioning. Ultimately, the system achieves a resolution of 10 nm, a repeatability of 15 nm, and a stability of 7.8 nm, by setting up an experimental system in the laboratory.
Journal Article
Trains
\"Introduces early fluent readers to the science and engineering behind trains. Includes glossary and index.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
High-speed 850 nm VCSELs operating error free up to 57 Gbit/s
Error-free transmission is demonstrated at bit rates up to 57 Gbit/s back-to-back, up to 55 Gbit/s over 50 m fibre and up to 43 Gbit/s over 100 m fibre using an oxide-confined 850 nm high-speed vertical cavity surface-emitting laser with a photon lifetime optimised for high-speed data transmission.
Journal Article