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The purpose of this research was to investigate the shielding characteristics of high-amount heavy metal oxide and Eu3+-activated borate glasses based on 10La2O3–50HMO–(40–x) B2O3–xEu2O3 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and HMO = PbO, Bi2O3). Critical gamma radiation attenuation characteristics, particularly mass attenuation coefficients of investigated heavy metal oxide glass samples, were determined using Monte Carlo simulations and the Phy-x/PSD software. Following that, we looked at the half-value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number, and build-up factors across a broad energy range (0.015–15 MeV). According to the study’s results, the addition of Eu2O3 enhanced the mass attenuation coefficient and effective atomic number, while reducing the half-value layer, mean free path, and accumulation factors. In terms of gamma radiation attenuation, the LBi50BEu glass system surpassed the LPb50BEu glass system in terms of overall shielding properties against nuclear radiation. Additionally, the heavy metal oxide glass’ efficacy as a neutron shield was determined using fast neutron removal cross-sections (ΣR). LBi50BEu2 glass was shown to be more effective in preventing the penetration of charged particle radiation.

The radiation shielding characteristics of samples from two TeO2 and Sb2O3-based basic glass groups were investigated in this research. TeO2 and Sb2O3-based glasses were determined in the research as six samples with a composition of 10WO3-(x)MoO3-(90 − x)(TeO2/Sb2O3) (x = 10, 20, 30). A general purpose MCNPX Monte Carlo code and Phy-X/PSD platform were used to estimate the radiation shielding characteristics. Accordingly, the linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer, mean free path, variation of the effective atomic number with photon energy, exposure and built-up energy factors, and effective removal cross-section values were determined. It was determined that the results that were produced using the two different techniques were consistent. Based on the collected data, the most remarkable findings were found to be associated with the sample classified as T80 (10WO3 + 10MoO3 + 80TeO2). The current study showed that material density was as equally important as composition in modifying radiation shielding characteristics. With the T80 sample with the greatest density (5.61 g/cm3) achieving the best results. Additionally, the acquired findings were compared to the radiation shielding characteristics of various glass and concrete materials. Increasing the quantity of MoO3 additive, a known heavy metal oxide, in these TeO2 and Sb2O3-based glasses may have a detrimental impact on the change in radiation shielding characteristics.

Quaternary glass system xB2O3−(30−x) SiO2−65Bi2O3−5TeO2 has been prepared by standard melt-quenching technique. The amorphous nature of glass samples has been ascertained by X-ray diffraction patterns. The compositional variations in density, molar volume and crystalline volume have been examined. Analysis of FTIR spectra shows the occurrence of BO3, SiO4 and TeO3 structural units along with both network modifying [BiO6] octahedral as well as network forming [BiO3] pyramidal structural units. The values of indirect and direct band gap energies have been estimated from fitting of experimental data of absorption spectra with Mott–Davis’s model and hydrogenic excitonic model, respectively. Z-scan technique with nanosecond pulsed laser at ~ 532 nm has been carried out to investigate the third-order nonlinear (3ONL) optical properties of prepared glass samples. The values of nonlinear parameters, viz. nonlinear refractive index (n2) and nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), have been estimated by fitting of experimentally observed data with theoretical models, and both are found to decrease with increase in borate content at the expense of silicate content. The 3ONL susceptibility (χ(3)) including real and imaginary parts has been calculated and observed to decrease with increase in borate content.

AGI can mold or machine optical materials to configurations such as lenses, windows, discs, prisms, squares and rectangles. The firm's precision-machined optical glass blanks and molded glass blanks are made of many material types, including fused quartz, fused silica, optical glass, Pyrex, filter glass, Zerodur and industrial glass. While Marino notes that his industry has been hit worldwide, he is not shy, about expressing disgust with many entities that make it hard to do business in New York, including state leaders, utility companies, insurance firms and health maintenance organizations, all of which he says are raping New York manufacturers.

When evaluated and used effectively, alternative delivery systems, such as health maintenance organizations and preferred provider organizations, can control health care costs. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. first recognized a problem when health care costs rose about 20% annually between 1981 and 1983. Senior management knew that, if this trend continued, the firm's ability to remain competitive in the global marketplace would be jeopardized. Owens-Corning's resulting new health care plan met several critical objectives: 1. It protected employees against economic hardship in case of catastrophic illness. 2. It promoted wellness and other cost-effective health care programs. 3. It reduced the long-term cost escalation to a more manageable level. 4. It relied, in part, on the firm's educating its workers on how to become more cost-effective health care consumers. Currently, about 35% of Owens-Corning employees participate in one of the more than 50 alternative delivery systems offered by the company nationwide. Cost increases in 1987 and 1988 averaged only 7% over the previous year.

Faced with double-digit increases in the cost of providing health care benefits, Knauf Fiberglass, one of Shelbyville's largest employers, is looking for a way to provide the same level of benefits while containing costs. And Major Hospital in Shelbyville is responding. Instead of acting like sparring partners duking out a health care agreement, Knauf and Major are cooperating. The company and the hospital exemplify a growing movement wherein providers and employers cooperate to deliver quality health care for less. (excerpt)

Dow Chemical Co (NYSE:DOW) - The Dow Chemical Company engages in the manufacture and supply of products used primarily as raw materials in the production of customer products and services worldwide. The Electronic and Specialty Materials segment offers materials for chemical mechanical planarization pads and slurries, chemical processing aids and intermediates, electronic displays, food and pharmaceutical processing and ingredients, home and personal care ingredients, hygiene and infection control, photolithography materials, printed circuit board materials, process and materials preservation, semiconductor packaging, connectors and industrial finishing, and water purification. Its Coatings and Infrastructure segment offers sticking and bonding solutions; insulation, housewrap, sealant, and adhesive products and systems; and construction chemical solutions and building-integrated photovoltaics. The Health and Agricultural Sciences segment provides agricultural and plant biotechnology products, pest management solutions, and healthy oils. The companys Performance Systems offers plastics, adhesives, glass bonding systems, emissions control technology, films, fluids, structural enhancement, and acoustical management solutions, as well as elastomers, specialty films, and plastic additive products, and skin and microcellular polyurethane foams and systems, and epoxy solutions and systems. Its Performance Products segment provides amines, emulsion polymers, epoxy resins, oxygenated solvents, polyurethane, and specialty monomer products. The companys Basic Plastics segment offers polyethylene, polypropylene, equipolymers, and polystyrene resins. Its Basic Chemicals segment provides ethylene dichloride, vinyl chloride monomer, caustic soda, and ethylene oxide. The Hydrocarbons and Energy segment procures fuels, natural gas liquids, and crude oil-based raw materials, as well as supplies monomers, power, and steam. The company was founded in 1897 and is based in Midland, Michigan. Corning Inc (NYSE:GLW) - Corning Incorporated manufactures and processes specialty glass and ceramics products worldwide. It operates in five segments: Display Technologies, Telecommunications, Environmental Technologies, Specialty Materials, and Life Sciences. The Display Technologies segment manufactures glass substrates for active matrix liquid crystal displays (LCDs) that are used primarily in notebook computers, flat panel desktop monitors, and LCD televisions. The Telecommunications segment produces optical fiber and cable, and hardware and equipment products, such as cable assemblies, fiber optic hardware, fiber optic connectors, optical components and couplers, closures and pedestals, splice and test equipment, and other accessories for optical connectivity to the telecommunications industry. This segment also offers optical fiber technology products for various applications, such as premises, fiber-to-the-premises access, metropolitan, long-haul, and submarine networks. The Environmental Technologies segment offers ceramic technologies for emissions and pollution control in mobile and stationary applications, including automotive and diesel substrate, and filter products. The Specialty Materials segment manufactures products that provide approximately 150 material formulations for glass, glass ceramics, and fluoride crystals used in commercial and industrial markets. The Life Sciences segment provides general labware and equipment, as well as tools for cell culture and bioprocess, genomics and proteomics, and high-throughput screening. This segment also develops and produces various technologies, such as the Corning HYPERFlask Cell Culture Vessel for increased cell yields; and other novel surfaces, which include the Corning CellBIND Surface and the Corning Osteo-Assay surface. The company was formerly known as Corning Glass Works and changed its name to Corning Incorporated in April 1989. Corning Incorporated was founded in 1851 and is based in Corning, New York.

In exploring alternatives to control expenditures in its self-insured and health maintenance organization benefits programs, Owens-Corning Fiberglas (OCF) designed and implemented a wellness program as part of its established employee assistance program (EAP). The program was based on a newer wellness theory, including the components of nutrition, awareness education, intervention, and exercise. The wellness program focused on an expanded agenda usually not associated with classical wellness programs. Along with the traditional elements, OCF also included more in-depth, grounding elements, such as the mind-body-spirit model, which traditionally is associated with recovery programs. By focusing its marketing attention on one element - the health risk appraisal - the team exceeded its intended participation goals, reaching 60% participation at all 5 pilot sites. At the end of the first year, all short-term participation goals were exceeded.