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Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the net effects of nurse practice environments on nurse and patient outcomes after accounting for nurse staffing and education. Background: Staffing and education have well-documented associations with patient outcomes, but evidence on the effect of care environments on outcomes has been more limited. Methods: Data from 10,184 nurses and 232,342 surgical patients in 168 Pennsylvania hospitals were analyzed. Care environments were measured using the practice environment scales of the Nursing Work Index. Outcomes included nurse job satisfaction, burnout, intent to leave, and reports of quality of care, as well as mortality and failure to rescue in patients. Results: Nurses reported more positive job experiences and fewer concerns with care quality, and patients had significantly lower risks of death and failure to rescue in hospitals with better care environments. Conclusion: Care environment elements must be optimized alongside nurse staffing and education to achieve high quality of care.

OBJECTIVE: In this review the impact of the design of the built environment on people with dementia in long-term care settings is systematically analyzed and summarized. Architects and designers will be provided with credible evidence on which they can confidently base their design decisions. Researchers will be able to determine which environmental aspects have been well investigated and where there are gaps in the current state of the research. BACKGROUND: A great number of studies have established a relationship between the design of the physical environment of long-term care settings and outcomes of people with dementia. However, the methods employed are heterogeneous and the results are often conflicting. Consequently, the process of integrating the best evidence available into architectural designs may be hindered. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted reviewing studies that meet certain inclusion criteria. Using an evidence-based approach, the methodical quality of the studies was rated. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-nine studies were found. They were thematically summarized into four main categories: basic design decisions, environmental attributes, ambience, and environmental information. The effectiveness of the interventions on the behavior, cognition, function, well being, social abilities, orientation, and care outcomes on people with dementia was illustrated by matrices. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this review indicate that, with the exception of cognition, specific design interventions are beneficial to the outcomes of people with dementia. Overall, the field of environmental design for people with dementia is well researched in many aspects and only few gaps in knowledge were identified.

The important goals of Magnet® hospitals are to create supportive professional nursing care environments. A recently published paper found little difference in work environments between Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals. The aim of this study was to determine whether work environments, staffing, and nurse outcomes differ between Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals. A secondary analysis of data from a 4-state survey of 26,276 nurses in 567 acute care hospitals to evaluate differences in work environments and nurse outcomes in Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals was conducted. Magnet hospitals had significantly better work environments (t = −5.29, P < .001) and more highly educated nurses (t = −2.27, P < .001). Magnet hospital nurses were 18% less likely to be dissatisfied with their job (P < .05) and 13% less likely to report high burnout (P < .05). Magnet hospitals have significantly better work environments than non-Magnet hospitals. The better work environments of Magnet hospitals are associated with lower levels of nurse job dissatisfaction and burnout.

Good nutrition and healthy growth during the first 1000days have lasting benefit throughout life. For this, equally important is the structural readiness of health facilities. However, structural readiness and nutrition services provision during the first 1000 days in Ethiopia is not well understood. The present study was part of a broader implementation research aimed at developing model nutrition districts by implementing evidence based, high impact and cost-effective package of nutrition interventions through the continuum of care. This study was aimed at assessing structural readiness of health facilities and the extent of nutrition service provision in the implementation districts. This assessment was conducted in four districts of Ethiopia. We used mixed method; a quantitative study followed by qualitative exploration. The quantitative part of the study addressed two-dimensions, structural readiness and process of nutrition service delivery. The first dimension assessed attributes of context in which care is delivered by observing availability of essential logistics. The second dimension assessed the service provision through direct observation of care at different units of health facilities. For these dimensions, we conducted a total of 380 observations in 23 health centers and 33 health posts. The observations were conducted at the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses unit, immunization unit, Antenatal care unit and Postnatal care unit. The qualitative part included a total of 60 key informant interviews with key stakeholders and service providers. We assessed structural readiness of 56 health facilities. Both quantitative and qualitative findings revealed poor structural readiness and gap in nutrition services provision. Health facilities lack essential logistics which was found to be more prominent at health posts compared to health centers. The process evaluation showed a critical missed opportunity for anthropometric assessment and preventive nutrition counselling at different contact points. This was particularly prominent at immunization unit (where only 16.4% of children had their weight measured and only 16.2% of mothers with children under six month of age were counselled about exclusive breastfeeding). Although 90.4% of pregnant women who came for antenatal care were prescribed iron and folic acid supplementation, only 57.7% were counselled about the benefit and 42.4% were counselled about the side effect. The qualitative findings showed major service provision bottlenecks including non-functionality of the existing district nutrition coordination body and technical committees, training gaps, staff shortage, high staff turnover resulting in work related burden, fatigue and poor motivation among service providers. We found a considerable poor structural readiness and gaps in delivering integrated nutrition services with a significant missed opportunity in nutrition screening and counselling. Ensuring availability of logistics and improving access to training might improve delivery of nutrition services. In addition, ensuring adequate human resource might reduce missed opportunity and enable providers to provide a thorough preventive counselling service.

Older adults in nursing homes have multiple risk factors for healthcare-associated infections including comorbid conditions, indwelling devices, frequent hospital visits, functional impairment, and increased use of medications including antibiotics.1 An estimated 2 million infections occur in US nursing homes each year, increasing mortality, antibiotic resistance, and healthcare costs.1–4 In healthcare settings, antibiotic-resistant bacteria are mainly spread by person-to-person contact, most often between healthcare personnel (HCP) and patients and/or residents, and by indirect contact with contaminated environmental surfaces and fomites. [...]we could not estimate the total amount of contact between residents and staff inside of rooms versus outside the rooms, but direct contact with staff was considerable in common areas, especially in rehabilitation. [...]although staff were not told what the observers were doing, we cannot rule out the Hawthorne effect, which may have caused staff to modify their behavior.

Moral distress is a phenomenon of increasing concern in nursing practice, education and research. Previous research has suggested that moral distress is associated with perceptions of ethical climate, which has implications for nursing practice and patient outcomes. In this study, a randomly selected sample of registered nurses was surveyed using Corley’s Moral Distress Scale and Olson’s Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS). The registered nurses reported moderate levels of moral distress intensity. Moral distress intensity and frequency were found to be inversely correlated with perceptions of ethical climate. Each of the HECS factors (peers, patients, managers, hospitals and physicians) was found to be significantly correlated with moral distress. Based on these findings, we highlight insights for practice and future research that are needed to enhance the development of strategies aimed at improving the ethical climate of nurses’ workplaces for the benefit of both nurses and patients.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of workplace incivility (WPI) on staff nurses related to cost and productivity. Background: Healthful practice environments are one of the goals of the American Organization of Nurse Executives 2010 to 2012 Strategic Plan. Healthy work environments are linked to patient safety and quality. Methods: A postal survey was sent to 2,160 staff nurses (n = 659 completed) and included the Nursing Incivility Scale and Work Limitation Questionnaire. Results: Although almost 85% (n = 553) reported experiencing WPI in the past 12 months, nurses working in healthy work environments(defined as Magnet®, Pathway to Excellence, and/or Beacon Unit recognition) reported lower WPI scores compared with nurses working in the standard work environment (P < .001). Workplace incivility scores varied between types of unit. Nurses' perception of their manager's ability to handle WPI was negatively associated with WPI scores (P < .001). Lost productivity as a result of WPI was calculated at $11,581 per nurse per year. Conclusions: Not only does WPI exist at high rates, but also it is costly. Nursing leaders play a vital role ensuring a healthy work environment.

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the scientific evidence about the nursing practice environment in Primary Health Care. Methods: Three-step scoping review. 1) An initial research on CINAHL and MEDLINE. 2) A broader search using the same keywords and search terms in the remaining EBSCOHost platform databases. 3) Search the bibliographical references of the selected articles. The studies selected were from 2007 to 2018. Results: 19 articles were included, most reported findings of the nursing practice environment and results for clients, nurses, nurse managers and the efficiency of organizations, in Primary Health Care. Conclusion: Improving the environment of nursing practice has consequences on the quality of nursing care, with increased results for clients, nursing and Primary Health Care. RESUMO Objetivo: Examinar a evidência científica acerca do ambiente da prática de enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: Revisão scoping da literatura, com 3 etapas: 1) uma pesquisa inicial na CINAHL e MEDLINE; 2) uma pesquisa mais ampliada, utilizando as mesmas palavras-chave e termos de pesquisa, nas bases de dados restantes da plataforma EBSCOHost; 3) pesquisa nas referências bibliográficas dos artigos selecionados. Os estudos selecionados foram do período entre 2007 e 2018. Resultados: Foram incluídos 19 artigos; a maioria relatou achados do ambiente da prática de enfermagem e resultados para os clientes, para os enfermeiros, para os enfermeiros gerentes e para a eficiência das organizações, na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Conclusão: Melhorar o ambiente da prática de enfermagem tem consequências na qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem, com aumento de resultados para os clientes, para a enfermagem e para a Atenção Primária à Saúde. RESUMEN Objetivo: Examinar la evidencia científica acerca del ambiente de la práctica de enfermería en la Atención Primaria d a la Salud. Métodos: Revisión de alcance (scoping review) de la literatura en 3 etapas: 1) Una investigación inicial en la CINAHL y MEDLINE. 2) Una búsqueda más amplia utilizando las mismas palabras clave y términos de búsqueda en las bases de datos restantes de la plataforma EBSCOHost. 3) Buscar las referencias bibliográficas de los artículos seleccionados. Los estudios seleccionados han sido de 2007 a 2018. Resultados: Han sido inclusos 19 artículos, la mayoría relacionó hallazgos del ambiente de la práctica de enfermería y resultados para clientes, enfermeros, gerentes de enfermería y la eficiencia de las organizaciones, en Atención Primaria a la Salud. Conclusión: Mejorar el ambiente de la práctica de enfermería tiene consecuencias en la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería, con mayores resultados para los clientes, la enfermería y la Atención Primaria a la Salud.

Nursing students perform their clinical practice in different types of clinical settings. The clinical learning environment is important for students to be able to achieve desired learning outcomes. Knowledge is lacking about the learning environment in different clinical settings. The aim was to compare the learning environment in different clinical settings from the perspective of the nursing students. A cross-sectional study with comparative design was conducted. Data was collected from 185 nursing students at three universities by means of a questionnaire involving the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES + T) evaluation scale. An open-ended question was added in order to ascertain reasons for dissatisfaction with the clinical placement. The nursing students' satisfaction with the placement did not differ between clinical settings. However, those with clinical placement in hospital departments agreed more strongly that sufficient meaningful learning situations occurred and that learning situations were multi-dimensional. Some students reported that the character of the clinical setting made it difficult to achieve the learning objectives. In the planning of the clinical placement, attention must be paid to whether the setting offers the student a meaningful learning situation where the appropriate learning outcome may be achieved.

This study examined the relationship between moral distress intensity, moral distress frequency and the ethical work environment, and explored the relationship of demographic characteristics to moral distress intensity and frequency. A group of 106 nurses from two large medical centers reported moderate levels of moral distress intensity, low levels of moral distress frequency, and a moderately positive ethical work environment. Moral distress intensity and ethical work environment were correlated with moral distress frequency. Age was negatively correlated with moral distress intensity, whereas being African American was related to higher levels of moral distress intensity. The ethical work environment predicted moral distress intensity. These results reveal a difference between moral distress intensity and frequency and the importance of the environment to moral distress intensity.