Explore the vast range of titles available.

Reliable information on how health service strategies affect the poor is in short supply. In an attempt to redress the imbalance, 'Improving Health Service Delivery in Developing Countries' presents evidence on strategies for strengthening health service delivery, based on systematic reviews of the literature, quantitative and qualitative analyses of existing data, and seven country case studies. The authors also explore how changes in coverage of different health services affect each other on the national level. Finally, the authors explain why setting international targets for health services has been not been successful and offer an alternative approach based on a specific country's experience. The book's findings are clear and hopeful: There are many ways to improve health services. Measuring change and using information to guide decisions and inform stakeholders are critically important for successful implementation. Asking difficult questions, using information intelligently, and involving key stakeholders and institutions are central to the \"learning and doing\" practices that underlie successful health service delivery.

'Healthy Development: The World Bank Strategy for Health, Nutrition, and Population Results' updates the Bank's contribution to improving health outcomes, including the 2015 Millennium Development Goals, at a time when new and existing multilateral organizations, bilateral partners, and foundations are increasing their commitment to global health.

Background. Research based on biological material with linked health and clinical data may produce new strategies for disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment. A survey was conducted among individuals previously screened for major depressive disorder (MDD) to explore participants’ attitude towards research biobanking. Methods. The survey used self-report questionnaires about donation for research biobanks, self-perceived health and life satisfaction. Means and percentages were compared across groups by using t test, ANOVA and chi-square test. Results. Of 416 subjects who underwent the MDD screening, 51 (12.2%) responded to the survey, with the majority of them (42) agreeing to the use of their biological samples only in absence of feedbacks about health or diseases. Agreement towards biobanking was not affected by life satisfaction or self-perceived health. Conclusions. Our findings show a prevailing preference against health results disclosure among MDD-screened subjects, suggesting a role of personal – particularly psychosocial – factors in research biobanking individuals’ contribution.

Background and Objectives: The World Health zation (WHO) diverse antenatal care concepts to optimize maternal and child outcomes. In resourceconstrained nations, the conventional style entailing meetings every four weeks till the 28 weeks, after which biweekly till 36 weeks, and each week till delivery, was complex. The immediate purpose of antenatal care is to ensure that the mother and baby have the best probable health results. The studys primary objective is to determine the effect of antenatal care on newborn birth weight. Methodology: This current study was a crosssectional study that lasted 30 days, from April 4th to May 5th, 2021. An interview questionnaire is employed as a research instrument to achieve the purposes of this research. This studys sample comprises 150 women who are patients at Bint Al-Huda Hospital in Al-Nasiriyah City. Results: The findings of childrens births were based on weight, with the vast bulk of births weighing just under the standard. Whereas women visited the hospital for pregnant women follow-up, the majority of participants were unsatisfied with the hospitals care, with a significant proportion exceeding the majority of the sample. Conclusion: Cesarean delivery was the most typical among respondents. The arranging of the children was the second baby. In contrast, the gestational age of women has been more than 40 weeks was the most common in the study population. Adherence to antenatal care, or at least four visits, will decrease the occurrence of birth weight.

Health Impact Assessments (HIA) approach can be executed by calculating the attributable burden of disease. The most common indicators used in the HIA methodology are: premature mortality, morbidity, life-expectancy, and Disability Adjusted Life-Year (DALY). The term Disability Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs) indicates months/years lost due to a premature death or disability. The aim of the study was to present health benefits, expressed in terms of lower total mortality and cardio-respiratory hospitalization rates, due to a decreased particulate matter (PM) concentration in ambient air, in Silesian voivodeship. In this paper, results obtained from the APHEKOM (Improving Knowledge and Communication for Decision Making on Air Pollution and Health in Europe) project, which provided specialized HIA tools, useful for assessing health benefits resulting from reducing air pollution, were used. Both short-term and long-term exposure HIA tools were applied with regard to the appropriate data for Silesian voivodeship. Exposure data were obtained from the Regional Environmental Inspectorate in Katowice, while population and health data were obtained from the Central Statistical Office of Poland or from the Silesian Voivodeship Office, respectively. Health benefits that are related to an improvement of ambient air quality in Silesia region are similar to previous estimates obtained for Kraków city. The reduction of short-term exposure to PM10 by 5 μg/m3 results in a lower number of yearly non-external deaths (2.6-2.75 per 100 000 inhabitants). This effect was also shown to be similar in the city of Zabrze, as well as in the whole Silesia region. The Health Impact Assessments tools developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) can help public health experts make decisions in order to improve the health of populations living in particular regions of Europe.

The abstract presents business case of Polish medical organization, Medical and Diagnostic Centre in Siedlce (Polish acronym CMD), which developed and introduced with success own model of coordinated health care for over 84 000 patients, habitants of Mazowieckie and Lubelskie Voivodships.  The way of medical staff remuneration is one of the key factor of this success gained by local integrated care company working in a small scale.  Introduction of this type of payment method  in all medical facilities in a scale of whole country, knowing reality of Polish health care  market  seems to be almost impossible, but on the other hand public demand for effective and high quality health care service during last years increased a lot and with no doubts will increase also in coming future.  This demand and lesson learned by Medical and Diagnostic Centre in Siedlce can be used by decision makers of any health care system.       Introduction: Medical and Diagnostic Centre in  Siedlce (CMD), prior to introduction of “homemade” program which consist of complex health check of adults with important part of prevention activity (screenings of breast, cervix, colon and lung cancers as well as heard diseases) and active approach proposed to patient with chronic disease, had introduced remuneration system for GP and then for all medical staff, which principal base are strictly linked to main health goals and key processes of the organization. The experience with payments for physicians, nurses, midwives and coordinators which has been gain during last few years allows managers of CMD for permanent development of remuneration system for medical staff of the company which influence further increase of effectiveness and quality of health care provided for patients.  Objectives:  To assess if traditional way of remuneration of primary health care staff based on pure capitation and fee for service for some services without assessment of results, common in most primary health care facilities in Poland, can bring the same results as a remuneration system based on medical staff activity and achieving results. Methods: A comparison of results of screening programs between companies with “traditional” model of remuneration and passive approach to screening programs (breast, cervix and heard diseases) versus CMD case, company with active approach towards preventive activity due to the fact of active payment method used by the company owners and managers permanently increasing effectiveness and quality of care given to patients.   Results: Results proves that active approach to screening programs which is promoted and influenced by financial motivation in remuneration system of Medical and Diagnostic Center in Siedlce is much better than average results in both voivodships, Mazowieckie and Lubelskie, where CMD is active. This results are fully linked with activity of medical staff of primary health care organization in the field of prevention.   Conclusions:  Example of CMD proved, that without prior implementation of working and proven remuneration system based on controlled and financially motivated activity of medical staff, increase of results of  any screening programs, as well as population health, effectiveness and quality of care would not be successful.

In Japan, population health with life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy (HALE) as indicators varies across the 47 prefectures (administrative regions). This study investigates how health examination results, including attitude toward improving life habits, are associated with population health. The association between health checkup variables and summary population health outcomes (i.e., life expectancy and healthy life expectancy) was investigated using a cross-sectional ecological design with prefectures as the unit of analysis. The medical records, aggregated by prefecture, gender, and age in the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB) Open Data Japan, were used as health checkup variables. Body weight, blood pressure, liver enzymes, drinking habits, smoking habits, diabetes, serum lipids, and answers to questions regarding attitude toward improving health habits were significantly correlated to population health outcomes. Multiple regression analysis also revealed significant influence of these variables on population health. This study highlights that health examination results, including attitude toward improving health habits, are positively associated with population health. Consequently, implementing measures to improve health habits in response to the examination results could help the population maintain a healthy life.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the World Bank Group's support for health, nutrition, and population (HNP) in developing countries from 1997 to 2008 - totaling more than 17 billion - and distills lessons for greater impact in the future.

This article aims to evaluate the completeness of the pregnant woman's card filling according to a model standardized by the Ministry of Health. Hospital based, nationwide, cross-sectional study conducted between 2011 and 2012, evaluated data from pregnant women's cards. Variables related to personal, obstetric history and current pregnancy data were used to assess completeness. We used the Kotelchuck index for quantitative evaluation. We analysed 6,577 cards, equivalent to 39% of the cards presented at the time of delivery. The mean completeness was overall \"bad\" in Brazil and macro-regions, except in the Southern region. Nationwide, the mean completion was \"regular\" for personal antecedents, \"good\" for obstetric history, and \"bad\" for fields related to the current pregnancy. Prenatal care was adequate for 58% of pregnant women. We observed a reduced use of the card recommended by the Ministry of Health and failures in the completeness of filling valuable information of the pregnant woman's card, related to the current pregnancy.

Background and Aim There is still limited evidence on the relationships between strategic planning practices and strategic results in the health sector. The study aimed to examine and quantify these relationships in Tanzania. Methods A cross‐sectional study involving 290 council health managers from 23 councils was conducted. We used a questionnaire to collect data on health sector strategic planning practices and health sector results related to health sector strategic plan IV (HSSP). We analyze the data using descriptive methods analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results Our findings showed separately that HSSP formulation practices had a positive, weak, and significant relationship with perceived health sector results; HSSP implementation practices had a positive, moderate, and significant relationship with perceived health sector results; HSSP monitoring and evaluation had a positive, strong, and significant relation with perceived health sector results. Furthermore, jointly, all the practices of HSSP formulation, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation were positively related to perceived strategic health sector results, and findings indicated that only HSSP implementation and monitoring and evaluation practices were significantly and positively related to the health sector results. Conclusions Our study provides additional evidence to the ongoing debate on the relationships between strategic planning practices and strategic results in the health sector and the public sector. Overall, our evidence suggests that only the HSSP implementation and HSSP monitoring and evaluation practices are significantly and positively related to strategic health sector results. We recommend that the council health managers continue to engage in the implementation, monitoring, and evaluation practices to enhance their chances of achieving the strategic results set out in the health sector strategic plans. We encourage future studies using longitudinal study design, objective and in other settings.