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The Waitangi Tribunal1 in their Wai 2575 Report recommended the establishment of Te Aka Whai Ora (the Māori Health Authority) to remedy some of the contemporary breaches of Te Tiriti o Waitangi (Te Tiriti). Te Aka Whai Ora was the culmination of decades of Māori advocacy for the establishment of independent Māori health leadership, policymaking and commissioning. Under urgency, the new National-led coalition Government passed the Pae Ora (Disestablishment of Māori Health Authority) Amendment Act 2024 in February. In this paper we use Critical Tiriti Analysis (CTA), a five-stage process, to review the extent to which the Act is compliant with the five elements of Te Tiriti (the authoritative Māori text), the preamble, the three written articles and the oral article. We found that the Act had very limited Tiriti compliance and the potential to do great harm. We offered practical suggestions how this could have been avoided.

The role played by non-Indigenous researchers involved in Indigenous health research can be complicated and contentious. Kilian and colleagues discuss some of the reasons for this in their qualitative study of the approaches of non-Indigenous researchers to Indigenous research, published in CMAJ Open. These reasons include that non-Indigenous researchers carry out most Indigenous health research (with ensuing academic and career benefits), and the relative lack of benefits and sometimes harms to Indigenous communities. One theme identified in their study is researchers' personal journeys of \"growth and reconciliation,\" which raises important questions about how research can support or hamper reconciliation. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission calls on us to understand gaps in Indigenous health outcomes as a result of colonization, and there is a wealth of evidence on the impact of racism on the health of Indigenous Peoples. Studies such as that by Kilian and colleagues1 must thus reflect meaningfully on racism and colonialism.

In recent years, Australia has seen the emergence and incorporation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander* culture into national public health policies and frameworks as an essential requirement for the health and wellbeing of Indigenous Australians. Nationally, this represents a significant shift in public policy because Indigenous culture was often dismissed as irrelevant from the development of policy. Despite these advances, a significant evidence gap remains concerning the significance of Indigenous culture to these frameworks, and how public policy makers can best enable, embed and enact Indigenous culture within public policies and frameworks. These concerns have been raised elsewhere in a discussion paper that asks whether the culture of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people should be incorporated into a refreshed Closing the Gap initiative and, if so, how. This commentary article further explores these concerns by highlighting how Indigenous knowledge is intrinsic to Indigenous culture and vice versa. Understanding the relationship between Indigenous knowledge and Indigenous culture could bring greater meaning to culture when incorporated into public policies or frameworks. However, further investigation is a necessity to resolve a significant evidence gap when Indigenous culture is incorporated into a policy framework.

Speaking with The Lancet, Mercredi labelled the Canadian Government's current efforts to improve the social determinants of Indigenous health—which include projects to improve housing and drinking water quality alongside a campaign to reduce tuberculosis—as “band-aid solutions” that ignore the necessary economic remedies. A 2016 Canadian Human Rights Tribunal ruling arising from one such legal case found that the Canadian Government has for decades systematically refused to fund health and social programmes for Indigenous children at levels equal to those for non-Indigenous children. Miller's ministerial instruction letter, dated Dec 13, outlines plans to increase access to safe drinking water, and more generously fund child and youth services while investing in community infrastructure plans “including housing, all-weather roads, high-speed internet, health facilities, treatment centres and schools in First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities by 2030”.

Despite attempts, policy silences continue to create barriers to addressing the healthcare needs of First Nations, Inuit and Métis. The purpose of this article is to answer the question, if what we have in Canada is an Aboriginal health policy patchwork that fails to address inequities, then what would a Healthy Aboriginal Health Policy framework look like? The data collected included federal, provincial and territorial health policies and legislation that contain Aboriginal, First Nation, Inuit and/or Métis-specific provisions available on the internet. Key websites included the Parliamentary Library, federal, provincial and territorial health and Aboriginal websites, as well as the Department of Justice Canada, Statistics Canada and the Aboriginal Canada Portal. The Indian Act gives the Governor in Council the authority to make health regulations. The First Nations and Inuit Health Branch (FNIHB) of Health Canada historically provided health services to First Nations and Inuit, as a matter of policy. FNIHB's policies are few, and apply only to Status Indians and Inuit. Health legislation in 2 territories and 4 provinces contain no provision to clarify their responsibilities. In provinces where provisions exist, they broadly focus on jurisdiction. Few Aboriginal-specific policies and policy frameworks exist. Generally, these apply to some Aboriginal peoples and exclude others. Although some Aboriginal-specific provisions exist in some legislation, and some policies are in place, significant gaps and jurisdictional ambiguities remain. This policy patchwork perpetuates confusion. A national First Nation, Inuit and Métis policy framework is needed to address this issue.

Genetic analyses provide a powerful tool with which to identify the biological components of historical objects. Te Tiriti o Waitangi | The Treaty of Waitangi is New Zealand's founding document, intended to be a partnership between the indigenous Māori and the British Crown. Here we focus on an archived piece of blank parchment that has been proposed to be the missing portion of the lower parchment of the Waitangi Sheet of the Treaty. However, its physical dimensions and characteristics are not consistent with this hypothesis. We perform genetic analyses on the parchment membranes of the Treaty, plus the blank piece of parchment. We find that all three parchments were made from ewes and that the blank parchment is highly likely to be a portion cut from the lower membrane of the Waitangi Sheet because they share identical whole mitochondrial genomes, including an unusual heteroplasmic site. We suggest that the differences in size and characteristics between the two pieces of parchment may have resulted from the Treaty's exposure to water in the early 20th century and the subsequent repair work, light exposure during exhibition or the later conservation treatments in the 1970s and 80s. The blank piece of parchment will be valuable for comparison tests to study the effects of earlier treatments and to monitor the effects of long-term display on the Treaty.

Including and prioritising community voice in policy development means policy is more likely to reflect community values and priorities. This project trialled and evaluated a storyboard approach in a deliberative community forum to engage Australian Aboriginal people in health policy priority setting. The forum was co‐constructed with two Aboriginal community‐controlled organisations. A circle storyboard was used to centre Aboriginal community knowledge and values and encourage the group to engage with broader perspectives and evidence. The forum asked a diverse (descriptively representative) group of Aboriginal people in a rural town what governments should do to support the wellbeing of children and youth, particularly to encourage them to eat well and be active. The storyboard provided a tactile device to allow shared stories and identification of community issues. The group identified policies they believed governments should prioritise, including strategies to combat racism and provide local supports and outlets for young people. An informed deliberative storyboard approach offers a novel way of engaging with Aboriginal communities in a culturally appropriate and inclusive manner. The identification of racism as a major issue of concern in preventing children from living healthy lifestyles highlights the need for policy responses in this area.

Changes in the demographic structure in Taiwan have increased the need for long-term care (LTC). Person-centered and community-based care is being advocated. The need to address the specific LTC needs of Taiwan`s indigenous peoples has been a part of national LTC policy since National Long-term Care Plan 2.0 was adopted in 2015. The provision of LTC services and the deployment of related resources in indigenous areas generally lag behind Taiwan`s other areas. Potential reasons for this disparity include lack of in-charge, dedicated units; exclusive use of normative service models in indigenous areas; and conflict between talent cultivation and rooted development. Future policy should focus more on providing cultural care in indigenous areas and on offering more flexible and diversified development possibilities. The implementation of these policies may promote the development of LTC and the successful deployment of LTC resources in Taiwan`s indigenous regions.

Public health emergencies, including infectious disease outbreaks and natural disasters, are issues faced by every community. To address these threats, it is critical for all jurisdictions to understand how law can be used to enhance public health preparedness, as well as improve coordination and collaboration across jurisdictions. As sovereign entities, Tribal governments have the authority to create their own laws and take the necessary steps to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters and emergencies. Legal preparedness is a key component of public health preparedness. This article first explains legal preparedness and Tribal sovereignty and then describes the relationship between Tribal Nations, the US government, and states. Specific Tribal concerns with respect to emergency preparedness and the importance of coordination and collaboration across jurisdictions for emergency preparedness are discussed. Examples of collaborative efforts between Tribal and other governments to enhance legal preparedness are described.

Relies on Crown principles attributed to the Treaty of Waitangi (participation, protection and partnership) to examine three structural decisions that threaten to unravel the whāriki (foundational mat) of Crown Māori health policy infrastructure : the disestablishment of the Ministry of Health’s policy team,Te Kete Hauora; revoking mandatory district health boards’ (DHB) Māori health plans and reporting; and downscaling the requirements of DHBs to consult. Calls for the Ministry of Health to embrace its Treaty obligations and to protect and reinstate the whāriki of Māori health infrastructure. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.