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Writing history in the digital age
\"Writing History in the Digital Age began as a one-month experiment in October 2010, featuring chapter-length essays by a wide array of scholars with the goal of rethinking traditional practices of researching, writing, and publishing, and the broader implications of digital technology for the historical profession. The essays and discussion topics were posted on a WordPress platform with a special plug-in that allowed readers to add paragraph-level comments in the margins, transforming the work into socially networked texts. This first installment drew an enthusiastic audience, over 50 comments on the texts, and over 1,000 unique visitors to the site from across the globe, with many who stayed on the site for a significant period of time to read the work. To facilitate this new volume, Jack Dougherty and Kristen Nawrotzki designed a born-digital, open-access platform to capture reader comments on drafts and shape the book as it developed. Following a period of open peer review and discussion, the finished product now presents 20 essays from a wide array of notable scholars, each examining (and then breaking apart and reexamining) how digital and emergent technologies have changed the ways that historians think, teach, author, and publish\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Paradata and Transparency in Virtual Heritage
Computer-Generated Images (CGIs) are widely used and accepted in the world of entertainment but the use of the very same visualization techniques in academic research in the Arts and Humanities remains controversial. The techniques and conceptual perspectives on heritage visualization are a subject of an ongoing interdisciplinary debate. By demonstrating scholarly excellence and best technical practice in this area, this volume is concerned with the challenge of providing intellectual transparency and accountability in visualization-based historical research. Addressing a range of cognitive and technological challenges, the authors make a strong case for a wider recognition of three-dimensional visualization as a constructive, intellectual process and valid methodology for historical research and its communication.
eBook
Cultural mapping and the digital sphere : place and space
\"This collection of fourteen essays enriches digital humanities research by examining various Canadian cultural works and the advances in technologies that facilitate these interdisciplinary collaborations. Fourteen essays in English and French survey the helix of place and space: While contributors to Part 1 chart new archival and storytelling methodologies, those in Part 2 venture forth to explore specific cultural and literary texts. Cultural Mapping and the Digital Sphere will serve as an indispensable road map for researchers and those interested in the digital humanities, women's writing, and Canadian culture and literature.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Going to the sources
It's been almost 30 years since the first edition of Going to the Sources: A Guide to Historical Research and Writing was first published. Newly revised and updated, the sixth edition of this bestselling guide helps students at all levels meet the challenge of writing their first (or their first \"real\") research paper.
Presenting various schools of thought, this useful tool explores the dynamic, nature, and professional history of research papers, and shows readers how to identify, find, and evaluate both primary and secondary sources for their own writing assignments.
This new edition addresses the shifting nature of historical study over the last twenty years. Going to the Sources: A Guide to Historical Research and Writing includes:
* A new section analyzing attempts by authors of historical works to identify and cultivate the appropriate public for their writings, from scholars appealing to a small circle of fellow specialists, to popular authors seeking mass readership
* A handy style guide for creating footnotes, endnotes, bibliographical entries, as well as a list of commonly used abbreviations
Advanced Placement high school and undergraduate college students taking history courses at every level will benefit from the engaging, thoughtful, and down-to-earth advice within this hands-on guide.
eBook
Database of dreams : the lost quest to catalog humanity
\"Just a few years before the dawn of the digital age, Harvard psychologist Bert Kaplan set out to build the largest database of sociological information ever assembled. It was the mid-1950s, and social scientists were entranced by the human insights promised by Rorschach tests and other innovative scientific protocols. Kaplan, along with anthropologist A. I. Hallowell and a team of researchers, sought out a varied range of non-European subjects-among remote and largely non-literate peoples around the globe. Recording their dreams, stories, and innermost thoughts in a vast database, Kaplan envisioned future researchers accessing the data through the cutting-edge Readex machine. Almost immediately, however, technological developments and the obsolescence of the theoretical framework rendered the project irrelevant, and eventually it was forgotten. Kaplan's story is a tale of the search for what it means to be human, or what it came to mean in an age of rapid change in technological and social conditions. His project--call it a database of consciousness--was intended as a repository of humankind's most elusive ways of being human, as an anthropological archive; through it a veritable sluice of social knowledge was expected to flow from seemingly unlikely encounters. This is a book about those encounters--between scientists and subjects, between knowledge and machines--as well as the data that flowed out of them and the ways these were preserved and not preserved.\"-- Book jacket.
Book
The Human Connectome Project: A retrospective
The Human Connectome Project (HCP) was launched in 2010 as an ambitious effort to accelerate advances in human neuroimaging, particularly for measures of brain connectivity; apply these advances to study a large number of healthy young adults; and freely share the data and tools with the scientific community. NIH awarded grants to two consortia; this retrospective focuses on the “WU-Minn-Ox” HCP consortium centered at Washington University, the University of Minnesota, and University of Oxford. In just over 6 years, the WU-Minn-Ox consortium succeeded in its core objectives by: 1) improving MR scanner hardware, pulse sequence design, and image reconstruction methods, 2) acquiring and analyzing multimodal MRI and MEG data of unprecedented quality together with behavioral measures from more than 1100 HCP participants, and 3) freely sharing the data (via the ConnectomeDB database) and associated analysis and visualization tools. To date, more than 27 Petabytes of data have been shared, and 1538 papers acknowledging HCP data use have been published. The “HCP-style” neuroimaging paradigm has emerged as a set of best-practice strategies for optimizing data acquisition and analysis. This article reviews the history of the HCP, including comments on key events and decisions associated with major project components. We discuss several scientific advances using HCP data, including improved cortical parcellations, analyses of connectivity based on functional and diffusion MRI, and analyses of brain-behavior relationships. We also touch upon our efforts to develop and share a variety of associated data processing and analysis tools along with detailed documentation, tutorials, and an educational course to train the next generation of neuroimagers. We conclude with a look forward at opportunities and challenges facing the human neuroimaging field from the perspective of the HCP consortium.
Journal Article
A world of fiction : digital collections and the future of literary history
\"The title for this book, \"a World of Fiction,\" has three meanings, and these have continued to underpin and shape the book. The most straightforward concerns the global origins of fiction in nineteenth-century Australian newspapers. While British, Australian, and American works dominate, and have been my focus, these newspapers include fiction from many other places: Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Holland, Hungary, Italy, New Zealand, Russia, South Africa, Sweden, and more. An even wider range of geographical locations are evoked in the inscription of stories, which are presented as coming from the above countries and far beyond: Belgium, Burma, Chile, China, Cuba, Egypt, the list goes on. This sheer multitude of origins, real and inscribed--and the frequency of global voyages in these stories--indicates a pronounced geographical focus in the creation, publication, and reception of colonial newspaper fiction. Given that many of the original readers for these stories would have recently arrived in the colonies from elsewhere, this global consciousness suggests the role that newspaper fiction played in connecting new, Australian spaces and lives to preexisting conceptions of the world and readers' place in it\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
When Computers Were Human
Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term \"computer\" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, \"I wish I'd used my calculus,\" hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.
eBook
Virtual Victorians : networks, connections, technologies
\"Virtual Victorians offers new ways of thinking about issues of representation, technology, and media change in nineteenth-century literary culture, with specific deference to the emerging field of the digital humanities. The opening section, 'Navigating Networks,' deals with digital resources and asks how they are shaping the field of Victorian studies; the second, 'Virtual Imaginings,' considers Victorian technologies of virtual experience. As a whole, this volume demonstrates that understanding the aspirations and anxieties that attended Victorian virtuality will illuminate contemporary scholarly practice--and vice versa\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python
SciPy is an open-source scientific computing library for the Python programming language. Since its initial release in 2001, SciPy has become a de facto standard for leveraging scientific algorithms in Python, with over 600 unique code contributors, thousands of dependent packages, over 100,000 dependent repositories and millions of downloads per year. In this work, we provide an overview of the capabilities and development practices of SciPy 1.0 and highlight some recent technical developments.
This Perspective describes the development and capabilities of SciPy 1.0, an open source scientific computing library for the Python programming language.
Journal Article