Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
12,996
result(s) for
"Hooks"
Sort by:
On Singh and Barman's Conjecture on Hook Length Biases in \\(t\\)-Regular Partitions
Let \\(b_{t,k}(n)\\) denote the number of hooks of length \\(k\\) in all the \\(t\\)-regular partitions of \\(n\\), where \\(t\\geq 2\\) and \\(k\\geq 1\\). Recently, Singh and Barman proved that \\(b_{3,2}(n)\\geq b_{2,2}(n)\\) for all \\(n\\geq 4\\). They also conjectured that \\(b_{t+1,2}(n)\\geq b_{t,2}(n)\\) for \\(t\\geq 3\\) and for all \\(n\\geq 0\\). In this paper, we prove that the conjecture is true for \\(t=3\\).
Paper
Fish Hooks and the Protection of Living Aquatic Resources in the Context of Recreational Catch-and-Release Fishing Practice and Fishing Tourism
The fish hook is a commonly known tool used in recreational fishing, which is one of the forms of active, specialised tourism. As a component of a fishing rod, the hook is intended to be anchored into the mouth of a fish and hold the fish on the end of the line while landing it. However, in the context of the protection of living aquatic resources and Catch-and-Release (C&R) fishing, its role and significance are becoming broader. In addition to the impact of the hook type on fishing efficiency, including the Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE), the importance of hook selection in terms of minimising the resulting damage to the tissues of caught and released fish is increasing. It appears that alternative hook types, such as barbless hooks and circle hooks, are safer for fish in the aforementioned context while not significantly reducing fishing efficiency. This review study is aimed at describing the design, types, and role of the fish hook in modern C&R angling, including the impact of the hook type on both fishing efficiency and the safety and welfare of released fish, which translates into the status and protection of living aquatic resources. The issues presented in the study highlight a number of related technical, biological and social factors that are specific to inland angling in particular. Such a holistic perspective can be used to support the effective management of recreational fishing, which, as one of the most popular human activities when in contact with water, has a very significant impact on the state of the environment and, thus, on the possibility of tourism development.
Journal Article
ON THE NUMBER OF 2-HOOKS AND 3-HOOKS OF INTEGER PARTITIONS
Let
$p_t(a,b;n)$
denote the number of partitions of n such that the number of t-hooks is congruent to
$a \\bmod {b}$
. For
$t\\in \\{2, 3\\}$
, arithmetic progressions
$r_1 \\bmod {m_1}$
and
$r_2 \\bmod {m_2}$
on which
$p_t(r_1,m_1; m_2 n + r_2)$
vanishes were established in recent work by Bringmann, Craig, Males and Ono [‘Distributions on partitions arising from Hilbert schemes and hook lengths’, Forum Math. Sigma 10 (2022), Article no. e49] using the theory of modular forms. Here we offer a direct combinatorial proof of this result using abaci and the theory of t-cores and t-quotients.
Journal Article
bell hooks and Online Feminism
Feminist theorist and cultural critic bell hooks was known for calling out modern-day feminists for failing to take into consideration the plight of other non-privileged women. She intricately analyzed how various factors of oppression form a web, which contributes to the complexities of women's marginalization. The vision of hooks, thus, is a revolutionary type of feminism which is inclusive and for everybody. This means that everyone, all persons of various races or classes, should become enlightened witnesses and be a part of the struggle towards eradicating what she refers to as White Capitalist Supremacist Patriarchy. Such vision, however, seems to be already included within fourth wave feminism. Also known as digital or online feminism, the fourth wave movement has taken to heart the vision of replacing oppressive thought and action with feminist thought and action. The question that arises, however, is whether this new online society is the type of global transformation or revolutionary change that hooks envisioned. Based on hooks' works, I examine the concepts, nuances, and problematic aspects of online feminism through the lens of bell hook's theories. Additionally, I consider how bell hooks' feminist framework can be used to re-envision and improve online feminism.
Journal Article
Hooking Effect on Flexural Strength and Toughness of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams
End hooks of steel fibers provide a stronger bridging force across the concrete matrix in steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC). In this work, SFRC beams were prepared with steel fibers of the same length and diameter but different types of end hooks (straight, three-dimensional [3D], four-dimensional [4D], and five-dimensional [5D]) at increasing fiber volumes (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%). Four-point bending tests conducted on each SFRC beam yielded load-deflection curves, from which the first cracking strength, flexural strength, and fracture toughness up to certain deflection-to-beam length ratios were obtained. The test results showed that the presence of end hooks remarkably enhanced the flexural strength and toughness of the SFRC beams, and this enhancement was amplified with an increasing number of hooks. Quantitative analysis revealed the hooking index, a factor introduced herein to delineate the efficiency of various types of hooks, was 1.00, 1.30, 1.60, and 2.10, respectively, for straight, 3D, 4D, and 5D steel fibers used in the present study. Lastly, empirical models for predicting flexural strength and toughness were established with high prediction accuracy. Keywords: end hooks; flexural strength; hooking effect; steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC); steel fibers; toughness.
Journal Article
Crystal structure of the HMGA AT-hook 1 domain bound to the minor groove of AT-rich DNA and inhibition by antikinetoplastid drugs
High mobility group (HMG) proteins are intrinsically disordered nuclear non-histone chromosomal proteins that play an essential role in many biological processes by regulating the expression of numerous genes in eukaryote cells. HMGA proteins contain three DNA binding motifs, the “AT-hooks”, that bind preferentially to AT-rich sequences in the minor groove of B-form DNA. Understanding the interactions of AT-hook domains with DNA is very relevant from a medical point of view because HMGA proteins are involved in different conditions including cancer and parasitic diseases. We present here the first crystal structure (1.40 Å resolution) of the HMGA AT-hook 1 domain, bound to the minor groove of AT-rich DNA. In contrast to AT-hook 3 which bends DNA and shows a larger minor groove widening, AT-hook 1 binds neighbouring DNA molecules and displays moderate widening of DNA upon binding. The binding affinity and thermodynamics of binding were studied in solution with surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-biosensor and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments. AT-hook 1 forms an entropy-driven 2:1 complex with (TTAA)
2
-containing DNA with relatively slow kinetics of association/dissociation. We show that
N
-phenylbenzamide-derived antikinetoplastid compounds (
1
–
3
) bind strongly and specifically to the minor groove of AT-DNA and compete with AT-hook 1 for binding. The central core of the molecule is the basis for the observed sequence selectivity of these compounds. These findings provide clues regarding a possible mode of action of DNA minor groove binding compounds that are relevant to major neglected tropical diseases such as leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis.
Journal Article
Fishing lines and fish hooks as neglected marine litter: first data on chemical composition, densities, and biological entrapment from a Mediterranean beach
We reported first data on the densities and chemical composition of fishing lines and fish hooks deposited on a Mediterranean beach. On a sampling area of 1.5 ha, we removed a total of 185,028 cm of fishing lines (density 12.34 cm/m
2
) and 33 hooks (density 22 units/ha). Totally, 637.62 g (42.5 mg/m
2
) of fishing lines were collected. We sampled 120 items entangled belongings to 7 animal taxa (density 6.49 items/100 m of fishing lines). We also observed a not quantifiable number of egagropiles (
Posidonia oceanica
spheroids), Rhodophyceae (
Halymenia
sp.) and segments of reeds of
Phragmites communis
, trapped in the fishing lines. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in order to identify the chemical composition of the fishing lines: 92% was made of nylon while 8.0% was determined as fluorocarbon based polymers (polyvinylidene fluoride). Because of their subtlety and reduced size, sandy beach cleaning operations should include at least two consecutive removal samplings: indeed, a part of this litter (12.14%) is not removed in the first sampling. The unexpected high density of fishing lines suggests specific management actions aimed to periodically remove this neglected anthropogenic litter.
Journal Article
Lead poisoning from ingestion of fishing gear
Many publications have investigated the ingestion and toxicity of metallic lead from hunting and the shooting sports. However, there is limited literature on toxicity associated with the ingestion of lead fishing weights, despite our knowledge of damage caused to many species from entanglement in lines, nets, and fishhooks. This paper surveys current knowledge of species poisoned by ingestion of lead fishing gear and the types of gear that have been implicated. We review the impacts of lead fishing tackle on wildlife species and human health and describe the efficacy of efforts to reduce the use of lead tackle through voluntary, educational, and regulatory approaches to encourage adoption of non-toxic fishing gear. The authors emphasize the need for further research and policy initiatives to deal with this serious problem.
Journal Article
Morphologically Switchable Twin Photonic Hooks
A dual fan-shaped structure covered with Ag films was investigated for generating twin photonic hooks (t-PHs). The t-PH characteristics of this structure are studied using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. The results show that by designing appropriate fan-shaped opening angles and angles of Ag films coverage, the switching between t-PHs, S-shaped t-PHs, and W-shaped t-PHs can be achieved, along with controlling over the bending angles. The maximum first, second, and third bending angles for the obtained W-shaped t-PHs are 51.3°, 36.4°, and 41.8°, respectively, while the Ag films angle is 5°. The investigated tunable morphology t-PHs provide innovative applications in the fields of nanolithography and integrated optics.
Journal Article