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Purpose To study the level of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in patients receiving surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore related factors that can increase levels of hope in this population, enhance the confidence to defeat the disease, and thus increase the quality of life. Methods A total of 327 postoperative NSCLC patients from the National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College were enrolled. All participants completed the General Questionnaire, Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF), Herth Hope Index (HHI) Scale, and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results The mean FoP-Q-SF score was (30.3 ± 9.48) points in postoperative NSCLC patients, Among them, there were 188 patients (57.5%) who had psychological dysfunction, indicated by a score of > / = 34. Patient sex and family income were independent risk factors for FCR (both p  < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between FCR and hope level ( p  < 0.05) and a positive association between hope level and social support ( p  < 0.05). Notably, social support mediated the association between FCR and hope in patients receiving surgery for NSCLC (contribution effect: 30.24%). Conclusion Postoperative NSCLC patients experience a moderate level of FCR, especially females and those with a low family income. Social support partially mediates the relationship between FCR and hope in this population. Therefore, an increase in the level of social support can increase hope among these patients and advancing recovery.

Background The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency. So far, only a limited number of studies have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pneumonia pandemic on the mental health of parents having children with cancer. This study investigated the hope, and relevant influencing factors (depression, anxiety, demographic data) among parents whose children had retinoblastoma (RB) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey and a convenient sampling survey were conducted on 317 parents of RB children admitted to the Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, and Qilu Children’s Hospital of Shandong University. The survey tools included Demographic Questionnaire, Herth Hope Index (HHI), The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaires (PHQ)-2. Results The hope level score of the parents of RB patients was (35.36 ± 4.42), which was at the medium level. The highest dimension of hope score was inner positive readiness and expectancy (12.07 ± 1.57), and the lowest dimension was interconnectedness with self and others (11.50 ± 1.64). The incidence rate of depression and anxiety was 29.97% (95/317) and 41.32% (131/317), respectively. Monoculus or binoculus disease, sleep status, health status, and depression /anxiety had statistically significant effects on the parental hope level ( p  < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that time since diagnosis, education level, treatment type and depression were independent influencing factors ( p  < 0.05), accounting for 22.60% of the variation in hope level. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical staff should formulate targeted intervention measures according to different characteristics of ocular disease, time since diagnosis, treatment type, parental educational level and emotional state in order to improve the level of parental hope.

Background To investigate the hope level and identify its associated factors among widowed older adults residing in long-term care facilities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling. 228 widowed older adults meeting inclusion criteria were recruited from several long-term care facilities in Liaoning Province for face-to-face questionnaire surveys. Results The hope level average score among widowed older adults in long-term care facilities was (31.73 ± 3.31). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that nine factors were significantly associated with hope levels: educational level, duration of widowhood, frequency of children’s visits, pension income, number of chronic diseases, frequency of participation in recreational activities, medical payment method, evaluation of the long-term care facility, and total perceived social support score. These factors collectively explained 81.4% of the variance in hope levels (Adjusted R² = 0.814, F = 96.027, P  < 0.001). Conclusion Hope levels among widowed older adults in long-term care facilities were at a moderate-low level. Nursing staff and facility administrators should pay attention to the hope levels of these residents and implement targeted interventions based on the identified associated factors to enhance hope levels and consequently improve their quality of life.

Purpose To explore the hope levels and influencing factors in infertile women undergoing first-time and repeated in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. Methods This study was a cross-sectional and convenient sampling study conducted among patients undergoing IVF-ET from January to June 2019. Patients were divided into first-time and repeated groups by the number of IVF-ET cycles, and then a questionnaire survey was administered. The questionnaire included demographic information, Herth hope index (HHI) scale, Locke-Wallace short marital-adjustment test scale and social support rating scale. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the influencing factors associated with hope levels. Results A total of 298 IVF-ET patients were recruited for the study, including 150 (50.3%) in the first-time cycle group and 148 (49.7%) in the repeated cycle group. The HHI score of the repeated cycle group was significantly lower than that of the first-time cycle group (34.4 ± 3.5 vs . 37.5 ± 3.7, P  < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that repeated IVF-ET and age were independently negatively correlated with HHI, with standardized coefficient β values of − 0.895 and − 0.223, respectively (both P  < 0.001). High education level ( P  = 0.002), high monthly income ( P  = 0.020), high degree of short marital-adjustment test ( P  < 0.001) and social support rating ( P  < 0.001) were independently positively correlated with HHI. Conclusion Infertile women undergoing repeated IVF-ET have low hope levels. Maintaining a good marriage adjustment and establishing a good social support and relationship network could effectively improve their hope levels. Plain language summary Hope level is closely related to patients' mental health and emotional state. Therefore, improving the hope level of infertile women with IVF-ET could contribute to relieving the psychological pressure of patients and improving the success rate of pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate the hope level of infertile women with different IVF-ET cycles and analyse its influencing factors to provide guidance for clinical nurses to clarify the intervention objects, select reasonable intervention measures and improve the hope levels of patients. A total of 298 IVF-ET patients were recruited in the study, including 150 in the first-time cycle group and 148 in the repeated cycle group. The results showed that the hope level of patients with repeated IVF-ET cycles was significantly lower than that of patients undergoing first-time treatment. We also analysed its influencing factors and found that repeated IVF-ET cycles and age were independent negative correlation factors in hope levels. High monthly income, living in the city, high marital adjustment and social support score were independent positive correlation factors in hope levels. Therefore, maintaining a good marriage adjustment and establishing a good social support and relationship network could effectively improve their hope levels.

Objective To investigate the impact of Rosenthal effect-based nursing intervention on self-care ability and hope level in patients undergoing breast surgery. Methods A total of 200 patients with breast disease admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University for treatment from January 2022 to January 2023 were randomly divided into the observation group ( n  = 100) and the control group ( n  = 100). The control group was given routine nursing care, while the observation group was additionally given Rosenthal effect-based nursing intervention. Afterward, the psychological status, self-care ability, hope level, and quality of life were compared between the 2 groups pre-and post-intervention. Results After the intervention, the observation group saw lower Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores than the control group. Meanwhile, the post-intervention scores of health knowledge, management skills, responsibility, management concept, positive action, close relationship with others, attitude towards the present and future, social function, psychological function, physical function, and material lifewere higher in the observation group compared with those in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( p  < 0.05). Conclusion Rosenthal effect-based nursing intervention is beneficial for improving the psychological status, self-care ability, hope level, and quality of life of patients undergoing breast surgery. The findings suggest that this intervention should be considered for integration into standard care protocols for breast surgery patients to optimize their post-surgical outcomes and well-being. Future research should focus on evaluating the long-term effectiveness and feasibility of implementing this intervention in diverse clinical settings.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and one of the fastest- growing global health emergencies of the 21st century. The relationships between hope level, social support, disease perception, and self-management behaviors are still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to create a structural equation model to investigate the underlying mechanisms of self-management behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and provide a theoretical basis for future interventions. Methods By using cross-sectional studies and convenience sampling methods. A survey was conducted from June 2023 to April 2024 on 404 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the First and Third Hospitals of Jinzhou Medical University. Data were collected using scales, including the General Information Questionnaire, the Herth Hope Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Brief Disease Perception Questionnaire, and the Diabetes Self-Management Behavior Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Harman’s one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation test, structural equation modeling, and the bootstrap method to verify mediating effects. Results Correlation analyses showed that all four variables were significantly correlated with each other ( p  < 0.01). Social support had the strongest correlation with self-management behavior (β = 0.554, p  < 0.01), followed by hope level (β = 0.543, p  < 0.01), and disease perception (β = -0.505, p  < 0.01). The structural equation model indicated a strong overall fit (χ 2 /df = 3.378, GFI = 0.926, CFI = 0.924, IFI = 0.925, TLI = 0.903, RMSEA = 0.077). Conclusion Overall, the chain mediation of social support and disease perception was significant. In developing targeted intervention strategies, future research should prioritize enhancing hope, optimizing social support, and reducing negative perceptions of disease by patients as key areas of focus. At the same time, strengthening self-management abilities and health behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes should not be neglected.

Aim The aim of this study was to examine hope level and its influencing factors in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Design A prospective observational study. Methods We selected 93 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis from a Chinese university hospital based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A general information questionnaire and Herth Hope Index were used, and multiple linear regression identified factors associated with the patients' hope level. Results The participants' average hope level was 32.01 ± 6.14 (moderate). The hope score's highest and lowest dimensions were “interconnectedness” (11.29 ± 2.17) and “temporality and future” (10.12 ± 2.28), respectively. Multiple linear regression showed that education level and monthly per capita income were independent influencing factors (p < .05). These variables explained 38.3% of the variation in hope. Conclusion The participants' hope level was not optimal. Thus, medical staff should pay special attention to patients with low education level and poor economic status, and guide them to adopt a positive attitude.

Intimate partner violence, is a major public and clinical health issue. Health institutions are one of the institutions to which a violence victim applies first. That is why the attitude of future health professionals is important. Hope is a concept that supports well-being and mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between attitudes towards intimate partner violence and hope levels of university students studying in the field of health. The research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The research was carried out in December 2021 with 934 students. Data were collected using the sociodemographic data form, the acceptance of couple violence scale, and the trait hope scale. %65 have a date or an ex-date, and %3.1 of them have experienced dating violence. 2.1% of the female students and 6.9% of the male students reported having experienced dating violence, and this was significantly higher in male students. Acceptance of couple violence among students are low in all dimensions. Acceptance of violence by men was significantly higher in all dimensions. Acceptance of male violence was significantly higher in those who use cigarettes and alcohol, and those who have experienced domestic or dating violence. The hope scale scores were close to high in all dimensions. The findings of the study showed the attitudes of students studying in health fields against violence. Students have dating relationships, are exposed to any violence in dating relationships, had low levels of acceptance of couple violence and high levels of hope. Students will start working with hope.

The study aims to analyze the correlation between hope levels and resilience in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Fifty-six patients with severe COVID-19 were investigated, with the use of a general information questionnaire, the Herth Hope Index, and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale. There was a significant difference in patients' hope levels with respect to marital status and educational background (P < 0.05), and there was a significant difference in resilience scores depending on gender and family economic situation (P < 0.05). In the present study, the hope levels and resilience in the patients were moderate, with an average score of (34.93 ± 5.45) and (69.36 ± 15.52), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the hope level and the resilience score in these patients (P < 0.05). In patients with severe COVID-19, the higher the hope level, the higher the resilience score.

This study aims to examine whether hope levels are predicted by social anxiety and social support and to investigate if the relationship between social anxiety and children’s hope levels is mediated and moderated by the social support of children. The Social Anxiety Scale for Children, Children’s Hope Scale, and Social Support Appraisals Scale for Children were administrated to a sample of 289 children (148 males and 141 females) enrolled in public school. To determine the relationships between variables, a Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized. Regression-based mediation and moderation analyses assessed whether social support mediates and moderates the relationship between social anxiety and children’s hope levels. Social anxiety and social support both correlated significantly with children’s hope levels; social anxiety had a negative correlation with children’s hope levels, while social support was positively correlated. Regression-based mediation and moderation analyses showed that social support mediates and moderates the relationship between social anxiety and children’s hope levels. The results of the present study emphasized the effects of social support on children; it had a positive effect on hope levels and a negative effect on social anxiety. Based on these results, it is recommended that the social support of children is increased via psycho-education programs for parents, caregivers, and teachers. It is further recommended that social-support-seeking behavior programs are developed in educational and mental health settings.