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The aim of this study is to identify factors influencing the housing conditions of migrant workers from Central Asia in Russian cities, based on the author’s research conducted in 2023, 2020, and 2017 in Moscow, St Petersburg, and Yekaterinburg. The study encompasses 2.500 migrant workers from Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. The findings indicate that the Russian rental housing market exhibits discriminatory practices towards foreigners, resulting in living conditions that differ significantly from those of Russian citizens. A substantial number of migrant workers are compelled to make informal payments for registration. The study shows that labour migrants from Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan tend to live in overcrowded conditions, with a high proportion (up to half) continuing to share accommodation with others (compatriots, friends, etc.). However, residence at the workplace is becoming increasingly uncommon. The analysis reveals a gradual increase in the proportion of migrant workers renting separate housing for themselves and their families. This trend is largely driven by the rising number of women from all three countries who rent housing either for individual residence or for cohabitation with relatives. The study also highlights persistent gender-based differences in the housing conditions of migrant workers from Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan in Russia. The hypothesis that female migrant workers from these countries generally experience more comfortable housing conditions was confirmed.

During their lifespan, chickens are confronted with a wide range of acute and chronic stressors in their housing environment that may threaten their welfare and health by modulating the immune system. Especially chronic stressful conditions can exceed the individual’s allostatic load, with negative consequences for immunity. A fully functional immune system is mandatory for health and welfare and, consequently, also for high productivity and safe animal products. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of housing form, light regime as well as aerial ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations on the immune system in chickens. Certain housing conditions are clearly associated with immunological alterations which potentially impair the success of vaccinations or affect disease susceptibility. Such poor conditions counteract sustainable poultry production. This review also outlines current knowledge gaps and provides recommendations for future research.

Age of Concrete' is a history of the making of houses and homes in the suburbios of Maputo (Lourenco Marques), Mozambique, from the late 1940s to the present. Often dismissed as undifferentiated, ahistorical \"slums,\" these neighborhoods are in fact an open-air archive that reveals some of people's highest aspirations. At first people built in reeds. Then they built in wood and zinc panels. And finally, even when it was illegal, they risked building in concrete block, making permanent homes in a place where their presence was often excruciatingly precarious.0Unlike many histories of the built environment in African cities, 'Age of Concrete' focuses on ordinary homebuilders and dwellers. David Morton thus models a different way of thinking about urban politics during the era of decolonization, when one of the central dramas was in the construction of the urban stage itself. It shaped how people related not only to each other, but also to the colonial state and then to the independent state stumbling into being.0Original, deeply researched, and beautifully composed, this book speaks in innovative ways to scholarship on urban history, colonialism and decolonization, and the postcolonial state. Replete with rare photographs and forgotten documents, it establishes Morton as one of a handful of scholars breaking new ground on how we understand Africa's cities.

Background This study aimed to analyze the parental socio-demographic characteristics of children and adolescents aged 9 to 18 years old, as well as the living and housing conditions associated with the psychological distress in these two sub-populations during and after France’s first national COVID-19-related lockdown in spring 2020. Methods We used data from the cross-sectional, observational, web-based study CONFEADO, which collected data on children and adolescents’ living and housing conditions and socio-demographic characteristics as well as those of their parents. It also collected data on children’s and adolescents’ health behaviors and psychological distress. We assessed psychological distress using the 10-item Children and Adolescents Psychological Distress Scale (CAPDS-10), and performed a multinomial logistic regression. Results A total of 2882 children and adolescents were included in the present study. Factors associated with moderate psychological distress included being a female, parental financial difficulties, a lack of a private living space at home for the child/adolescent, and the following child health behaviors: no leisure or recreational activities with adults in the household, doing less than one hour of school homework a day, and not going outside during the lockdown. Severe psychological distress was associated with the parent’s occupation (especially essential frontline workers), a lack of a private living space at home for the child/adolescent, and the following child health behaviors: spending over 5 h a day on social media, doing less than one hour of school homework a day, and no leisure or recreational activities with adults in the household. Conclusions This study emphasizes the impact of housing and living conditions, as well as parents’ socio-economic characteristics on children’s health behaviors and psychological needs during the first COVID-19-related lockdown in France. Our results suggest that health policies implemented during future pandemics should consider these structural social determinants to prevent severe psychological distress in children and adolescents.

\"Generation Priced Out is a call for action on one of the most talked about issues of our time: how skyrocketing rents and home values are pricing out the working and middle-class from urban America. Telling the stories of tenants, developers, politicians, homeowner groups, and housing activists from over a dozen cities impacted by the national housing crisis, Generation Priced Out criticizes cities for advancing policies that increase economic and racial inequality. Shaw also exposes how boomer homeowners restrict millennials' access to housing in big cities, a generational divide that increasingly dominates city politics. Defying conventional wisdom, Shaw demonstrates that rising urban unaffordability and neighborhood gentrification are not inevitable. He offers proven measures for cities to preserve and expand their working- and middle-class populations and achieve more equitable and inclusive outcomes. Generation Priced Out is a must-read for anyone concerned about the future of urban America\"--Provided by publisher.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with positive Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB+) remains one of the most transmissible infectious diseases worldwide. This disease poses a significant public health challenge in many countries. This study aimed to develop a risk-factor-based intervention model to reduce the incidence of Pulmonary TB (AFB+). A case-control approach was employed, with the case group comprising people diagnosed with Pulmonary TB (AFB+), and the control group consisting of non-TB individuals from the same neighborhoods. Binary logistic regression was used for bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis utilized logistic regression. This study found that the social determinants model accounted for 34.9% of the variance in the incidence of Pulmonary TB (AFB+) (R² = 0.349). The biological determinants model showed an R² of 0.127, indicating that this model explains 12.7% of the variance in the disease. The third model, which focused on behavioral determinants, had an R² of 0.312, meaning that behavioral factors accounted for 31.2% of the variance. The fourth model, examining the physical condition of housing, showed an R² of 0.425, indicating that 42.5% of the variance in Pulmonary TB (AFB+) is explained by variables related to housing conditions. In conclusion, the physical condition of housing emerged as the strongest predictor of Pulmonary TB (AFB+). These findings suggest that improving housing conditions should be a key component of public health strategies to reduce the incidence of Pulmonary TB (AFB+). Targeted interventions to improve the household environment are crucial for reducing the risk and transmission of Pulmonary TB (AFB+).

The paper focuses on severe housing deprivation and its components—overcrowding and housing conditions problems. It is based on the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) 2019 survey data. The paper analyzes this data on households in Poland—a country with significant problems in terms of housing deprivation. Three dimensions of housing deprivation are examined: experiencing only overcrowding, experiencing only housing conditions problems, and being severely housing deprived. The study aims to investigate three-dimensional housing deprivation depending on the urbanization level of living places and other socioeconomic characteristics of Polish households. The multinomial logit model was used to assess relative risk ratios for explanatory variables to achieve these purposes. It was found that some socioeconomic characteristics significantly influenced one dimension but not another. Moreover, the relative risk ratios for given characteristics sometimes are greater than one for a particular dimension and less than one for another. Specifically, a significant difference in housing conditions problems between households living in towns and rural areas was found. However, there are no significant differences in overcrowding and severe housing deprivation, given that all other explanatory variables are fixed. Furthermore, considering the relative risk as a ratio of the probability of experiencing the given dimension of housing deprivation and the probability of not being housing deprived at all, households in cities compared with rural households were more likely to be overcrowded and to experience severe housing deprivation but less likely to have housing conditions problems. Plain Language Summary Dimensions of housing deprivation in Poland: a rural-urban perspective The paper focuses on severe housing deprivation and its components among households in Poland—a country with significant problems in terms of housing deprivation. It is based on the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) 2019 survey data. The paper aims to investigate three-dimensional housing deprivation depending on the urbanization level of living places and other socioeconomic characteristics. The multinomial logit model was used to assess the impact of factors influencing housing deprivation. A significant difference was found in housing conditions problems between households living in towns and rural areas. However, there are no significant differences in overcrowding and severe housing deprivation, given that all other factors are fixed. Furthermore, households in cities compared with rural households were more likely to be overcrowded and to experience severe housing deprivation but less likely to have housing conditions problems. The study allows the most vulnerable groups of households to be recognized and specific implications for policy to be identified. Limitations of the study include the lack of the most recent data, which would enable the monitoring of current housing deprivation in Poland.