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We empirically examine the nexus between Locus of Control (LoC) and housing tenure in Australia. Drawing on data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics Survey for the period 2001–2021, we find that being internal on LoC is associated with a higher likelihood of homeownership and transitioning from renting to owning a home, while being external on LoC is more likely to lead to the opposite. This result is consistent across multiple robustness checks. We also find evidence that social capital and income are transmission mechanisms through which LoC influences housing tenure. We provide some suggestions for policy.

This study empirically examines the effects of self-reported health on housing tenure decisions of Indigenous Australians. Using longitudinal data drawn from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey covering 2001-2019, we use indicators of housing tenure decisions that reflect home ownership and transitions from renting to owning and vice versa. We find that better health is associated with a higher probability of homeownership and a higher probability of transitioning from renting to homeownership. We examine preference to continue living in an area, neighbourhood satisfaction, home satisfaction and social capital as potential channels through which health influence housing tenure decision. We find evidence to support the validity of all these factors as channels except social capital. The policy implications of the study are then explored.

Following the evidence that housing costs may impair the proper functioning of the labour market, this paper develops a search and matching model where trading frictions in the mortgage, housing and labour markets interact with each other. Precisely, the employment status affects the probability to get a mortgage. In turn, the granting or not of the mortgage affects the housing tenure choice (tenancy or owner occupancy). Finally, the housing tenure choice affects the unemployment rate. It will show that tenants generate a greater effort in searching for a job than homeowners, since employed workers have a greater chance of getting a mortgage to buy a home. As a result, the positive correlation between the homeownership and unemployment rates emerges as quite consistent with the evidence that homeowners tend to be unemployed less often than tenants.

Using household survey data for the U.S. and the U.K., we show that the aggregate response of consumption to interest rate changes is driven by households with a mortgage. Outright home-owners do not adjust expenditure at all while renters change their spending but by less than mortgagors. Income rises for all households as interest rate cuts directly affect firm investment and household consumption, boosting aggregate demand. A crucial difference between the housing tenure groups is the composition of their balance sheets: mortgagors hold sizable illiquid assets but little liquid wealth. Our results reveal that general equilibrium effects on household income coupled with balance-sheet-driven heterogeneity in the marginal propensity to consume play a key role in the transmission of monetary policy.

This article identifies proxies which account for the impacts that the Airbnb platform is having on housing in Greater London. We identify these by analysing the relationships between possible Airbnb misuse and the attributes of housing in the same locations. We assume misuse when listings of entire properties within the Airbnb platform do not conform with local regulations and where hosts who offer such housing have multiple listings. In particular, we examine (1) the dwelling type based on building typology; (2) the type of housing tenure, whether it is owned or rented; and (3) the spatial distribution of changes in rent payable. Three important findings emerge from our analysis. First, based on 2018 data, we estimate that more than 2% of all properties in London, and up to 7% in some local areas are being misused through Airbnb as short-term holiday rentals. Second, the location of these particular Airbnb rentals is negatively correlated with the diversity of dwelling types and positively correlated with dwelling type such as an apartment (or flat) in areas of high private rental stock. Last, we show that a 100% increase in the density of possible Airbnb misuse can be associated with up to an 8% increase in unit rental price per-bedroom per-week, an equivalent to up to an average of £90 price increase per year. Finally, we discuss how this type of analysis can help build instruments to inform policies associated with the platform economy in relation to increasing polarisation in the London housing market. 本文识别了一些指标，这些指标说明了爱彼迎 (Airbnb) 平台对大伦敦住房市场的影响。我们通过分析同一地段可能的爱彼迎误用与住房市场特征之间的关系来识别这些指标。当爱彼迎平台内的整体房产放租信息不符合当地法规，并且放租者有多个放租信息时，我们推定存在误用。具体而言，我们研究（1）住宅的建筑类型学分类；（2）住房使用权的类型，是自有的还是租赁的；（3）应付租金变化的空间分布。我们的分析得出了三个重要发现。首先，根据2018年的数据，我们估计伦敦超过2%的房产和一些分区高达7%的房产作为短期度假出租物业而发生了爱彼迎误用。第二，这些特定爱彼迎出租物业的位置与住宅类型的多样性负相关，与住宅类型（例如私人出租房屋存量高的地区的公寓）正相关。最后，我们表明可能的爱彼迎误用的密度增加100%可能会导致每间卧室每周的单位租赁价格增加8%，相当于每年平均增加90英镑。最后，我们讨论这种类型的分析如何有助于建立一些工具，面对伦敦住房市场日益严重的两极分化，这些工具能为与平台经济相关的政策的制定提供参考。

The literature on residential mobility pays little attention to the outcomes of residential relocation and their determinants. This study aims to address this shortfall by examining the link between home relocation and change in residential satisfaction based on data from a two-wave sample survey in Beijing, China. The data is collected through interviews with a sample of 537 participants who planned to move and eventually did move in Beijing. A multi-level structural equation model is developed to analyse the determinants of change in residential satisfaction after home relocation. The results show that people generally become more satisfied with their residence after relocation. The major determinants of residential satisfaction changes are adjustments in housing conditions (including housing tenure and dwelling space) and neighbourhood environment (including physical design, absence of nuisance, social interaction and accessibility to various facilities). The findings of this research not only enrich the literature on residential satisfaction and residential mobility, but may also help to improve urban planning and public housing policies. 关于居住流动性的文献很少关注居住迁移的结果及其决定因素。本研究旨在通过基于来自中国北京两次抽样调查的数据，考察家庭搬迁和居住满意度变化之间的联系，从而解决这一不足。这些数据是通过对北京537名计划迁移并最终实际迁移的的参与者的访谈收集的。我们建立了一个多层次的结构方程模型来分析搬迁后居民满意度变化的决定因素。结果表明，人们在搬迁后对自己的住所普遍更加满意。居住满意度变化的主要决定因素是住房条件(包括住房保有权和居住空间)和街区环境(包括物理设计、无滋扰、社会互动和各种设施的可及性)的调整。这项研究的结果不仅丰富了关于居住满意度和居住流动性的文献，而且可能有助于改善城市规划和公共住房政策。

Objectives. To identify disparities in home damage from Hurricane Maria among Puerto Rican households with different housing tenure and income levels. Methods. Using household inspection data obtained by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), including an ordinal damage severity measure, we used generalized ordered logistic regression to estimate the relative risks of damage severities between renters and homeowners, and between households with different incomes. Results. With respect to the FEMA damage-severity classifications of “minor,” “major,” and “destroyed,” renters were more at risk than homeowners for both “major-or-destroyed” and “destroyed” outcomes. Similarly, lower-income households were at greater risk for both “major-or-destroyed” and “destroyed” outcomes. When we allowed for an interaction between income and housing tenure, the difference in risk of “destroyed” outcomes between renters and homeowners was substantially greater at lower income levels. Conclusions. These results provide evidence at the individual household level that renters and lower-income households are most vulnerable to hurricane damage. Our interaction results suggest that lower-income renters are particularly vulnerable to severe home damage. Public Health Implications. Disaster preparedness policies should raise structural standards for low-income housing to reduce risks of severe damage.

We focus on the role of within-family socialisation and the relationship between socialisation and resource transfers in the intergenerational transmission of housing preferences, the formation of familial housing attitudes and thus the reproduction of a normative housing tenure ladder across generations in Czech society. We show that resource transfers and the within-family socialisation of housing preferences, including preferences concerning housing tenure, are closely interconnected. In other words, parental influence on decision to buy own housing (and on housing preferences in general) of their adult children through socialisation is stronger if there is an (actual or assumed) intergenerational resource transfer. This has several implications for how housing markets and systems work. The paper draws on findings from qualitative, quantitative and experimental studies. 本文关注捷克社会的住房偏好世代相传、家庭住房态度的形成以及住房权属规范阶梯在不同世 代的再生产中，家庭内部社会化的作用以及社会化与资源转移之间的关系。我们表明，资源转 移与住房偏好（包括住房权属偏好）的家庭内部社会化密切相关。换言之，如果存在（实际或 假定的）代际资源转移，则通过社会化，父母对其成年子女购买自有住房的决定（以及一般的 住房偏好）发挥更大的影响。这一结论对于考察住房市场和系统的运作方式是有意义的。本文 借鉴了定性、定量和实验研宄的结果。

The last two decades have witnessed a substantial growth of the owner-occupied housing sector in urban China, where most people tend to follow a conventional life course in terms of ascending the housing ladder towards homeownership. Yet, with skyrocketing housing prices in the real estate market, fragmentation in housing opportunities has become more important in reshaping the structure of social inequalities. This paper investigates the disparities in housing careers between skilled migrants and their local counterparts in Nanjing, focusing on temporal and spatial aspects. Specifically, this paper examines how skilled migrants’ housing tenure and location change over time, to what extent these changes differ from those of skilled locals, and what factors contribute to the disparities between migrants and locals. The results verify that there are indeed disparities in housing careers between migrants and locals, and the foremost difference lies in the tenure, especially the tenure of the first residence. Spatially, migrants exhibit an outward-bound pattern, often associated with the transition from renting to owning. These disparities in housing careers could be primarily attributed not only to the gap of the intergenerational transfer of wealth between migrants and locals, which can be traced back to regional disparities in economic development, but also to the self-selection of migration. While facing skyrocketing housing prices, the timing of making a foray into the housing market is pivotal. This study also revealed the diminishing marginal utility of education that is found in terms of establishing a superior housing career. 过去二十年来，中国城市的自住住房部门大幅增长，大多数人倾向于遵循传统的生活方式，向上提升自己以加入有房一族的行列。然而，随着房地产市场房价飙升，住房机会的分割对于重塑社会不平等结构变得更加重要。本文调查了南京技术工人移民与当地同行之间的住房历程差异，重点是时间和空间方面。具体而言，本文探讨了技术工人移民的住房保有形式和地点随时间的变化情况，这些变化与当地技术工人的差异程度，以及导致移民与当地人之间差异的因素。结果证实，移民与当地人之间的住房历程确实存在差异，最重要的差异在于住房保有形式，尤其是第一个住所的保有形式。在空间上，移民表现出一种向外的模式，通常与从租赁到拥有的过渡有关。住房历程的这些差异的主要原因不仅是移民与当地人之间财富代际转移的差距（这可以追溯到经济发展的地区差异），也可归因于移民的自我选择。在面临暴涨的房价时，进入房地产市场的时机至关重要。这项研究还揭示了在建立住房历程优势方面教育的边际效用递减。

The comparative study of housing decommodification lags behind classical welfare state research, while housing research itself is rich in homeownership studies but lacks comparative accounts of private and social rentals due to missing comparative data. Building on existing works and various primary sources, this study presents a new collection of up to forty-eight countries’ social housing shares in stock and new construction since the first housing laws around 1900. The interpolated benchmark time series generally describes the rise and fall of social housing across a residual, a socialist, and a Northern-European housing group. The decline was steeper than for the classical welfare state, but the degree of erosion was surprisingly small in some countries where public housing associations remained resilient. Within the broader housing welfare state, social housing correlates positively with rent regulation and allowances, but negatively with homeownership subsidies and liberal mortgage regulation. A multivariate analysis shows that social housing is rather explained by housing shortages and complementarities with rental and welfare policies than by typical welfare state theories (GDP, political parties). Generally, the paper shows that conventional housing typologies are difficult to defend over time and argues more generally for including housing decommodification in welfare state research.