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"Human rights -- History -- 21st century"
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Evidence for Hope : Making Human Rights Work in the 21st Century
A history of the successes of the human rights movement and a case for why human rights work. Evidence for Hope makes the case that, yes, human rights work. Critics may counter that the movement is in serious jeopardy or even a questionable byproduct of Western imperialism. They point out that Guantanamo is still open, the Arab Spring protests have been crushed, and governments are cracking down on NGOs everywhere. But respected human rights expert Kathryn Sikkink draws on decades of research and fieldwork to provide a rigorous rebuttal to pessimistic doubts about human rights laws and institutions. She demonstrates that change comes slowly and as the result of struggle, but in the long term, human rights movements have been vastly effective.Attacks on the human rights movement's credibility are based on the faulty premise that human rights ideas emerged in North America and Europe and were imposed on developing southern nations. Starting in the 1940s, Latin American leaders and activists were actually early advocates for the international protection of human rights. Sikkink shows that activists and scholars disagree about the efficacy of human rights because they use different yardsticks to measure progress. Comparing the present to the past, she shows that genocide and violence against civilians have declined over time, while access to healthcare and education has increased dramatically. Cognitive and news biases contribute to pervasive cynicism, but Sikkink's investigation into past and current trends indicates that human rights is not in its twilight.
Exporting Virtue?
2021
Exporting Virtue? critically explores the ways in which China is attempting to change international human rights standards to accommodate its interests.
Amnesties, Accountability, and Human Rights
by
Jeffery, Renée
in
Amnesty -- History -- 20th century -- Case studies
,
Amnesty -- History -- 21st century -- Case studies
,
Crimes against humanity -- History -- 20th century
2014
For the last thirty years, documented human rights violations have been met with an unprecedented rise in demands for accountability. This trend challenges the use of amnesties which typically foreclose opportunities for criminal prosecutions that some argue are crucial to transitional justice. Recent developments have seen amnesties circumvented, overturned, and resisted by lawyers, states, and judiciaries committed to ending impunity for human rights violations. Yet, despite this global movement, the use of amnesties since the 1970s has not declined.
Amnesties, Accountability, and Human Rightsexamines why and how amnesties persist in the face of mounting pressure to prosecute the perpetrators of human rights violations. Drawing on more than 700 amnesties instituted between 1970 and 2005, Renée Jeffery maps out significant trends in the use of amnesty and offers a historical account of how both the use and the perception of amnesty has changed. As mechanisms to facilitate transitions to democracy, to reconcile divided societies, or to end violent conflicts, amnesties have been adapted to suit the competing demands of contemporary postconflict politics and international accountability norms. Through the history of one evolving political instrument,Amnesties, Accountability, and Human Rightssheds light on the changing thought, practice, and goals of human rights discourse generally.
Walking a tightrope : defending human rights in China
Describes eleven Chinese citizens striving to promote human rights in their country, who challenge the authorities by using the law and moving in small steps since working with human rights in China is a delicate balance between progress and repression.
Hidden in the Heartland
2011
As other teens returned home from school, thirteen-year-old José Silva headed for work at a restaurant, where he would remain until 2:00 a.m. Francisca Herrera, a tomato picker, was exposed to pesticides while she was pregnant and gave birth to a baby without arms or legs. Silva and Herrera immigrated illegally to the United States, and their experiences are far from unique. In this comprehensive, balanced overview of the immigration crisis, Nancy Brown Diggs examines the abusive, unethical conditions under which many immigrants work, and explores how what was once a border problem now extends throughout the country. Drawing from a wide spectrum of sources,Hidden in the Heartlanddemonstrates how the current situation is untenable for both illegal immigrants and American citizens. A vivid portrait of the immigration crisis, the book makes a passionate case for confronting this major human rights issue-a threat to the very unity of the country.
The ambivalence of good : human rights in international politics since the 1940s
The Ambivalence of Good' examines the genesis and evolution of international human rights politics since the 1940s. Focusing on key developments such as the shaping of the UN human rights system, decolonization, the rise of Amnesty International, the campaigns against the Pinochet dictatorship, the moral politics of Western governments, or dissidence in Eastern Europe, the book traces how human rights profoundly, if subtly, transformed global affairs. 0Moving beyond monocausal explanations and narratives prioritizing one particular decade, such as the 1940s or the 1970s, The Ambivalence of Good argues that we need a complex and nuanced interpretation if we want to understand the truly global reach of human rights, and account for the hopes, conflicts, and interventions to which this idea gave rise. Thus, it portrays the story of human rights as polycentric, demonstrating how actors in various locales imbued them with widely different meanings, arguing that the political field evolved in a fitful and discontinuous process. This process was shaped by consequential shifts that emerged from the search for a new world order during the Second World War, decolonization, the desire to introduce a new political morality into world affairs during the 1970s, and the visions of a peaceful international order after the end of the Cold War. Finally, the book stresses that the projects pursued in the name of human rights nonetheless proved highly ambivalent. Self-interest was as strong a driving force as was the desire to help people in need, and while international campaigns often improved the fate of the persecuted, they were equally likely to have counterproductive effects.0'The Ambivalence of Good' provides the first research-based synopsis of the topic and one of the first synthetic studies of a transnational political field (such as population, health, or the environment) during the twentieth century.
Fighting Monsters in the Abyss
by
Kline, Harvey F
in
Caribbean & Latin American
,
Colombia -- Politics and government -- 1974
,
Human rights
2015
Studies the complex constraints and trade-offs the second
administration of Colombian President Uribe (2006–2010)
encountered as it attempted to resolve that nation’s
violent Marxist insurrection and to have a more efficient
judicial system
Fighting Monsters in the Abyss offers a deeply
insightful analysis of the efforts by the second administration
of Colombian President Álvaro Uribe Vélez
(2006–2010) to resolve a decades-long Marxist insurgency in
one of Latin America’s most important nations. Continuing
work from his prior books about earlier Colombian presidents and
yet written as a stand-alone study, Colombia expert Harvey F.
Kline illuminates the surprising successes and setbacks in
Uribe’s response to this existential threat. In
State Building and Conflict Resolution in Colombia,
1986–1994 , Kline documented and explained the limited
successes of Presidents Virgilio Barco and César Gaviria in
putting down the revolutionaries while also confronting
challenges from drug dealers and paramilitary groups. The
following president Andrés Pastrana then boldly changed
course and attempted resolution through negotiations, an effort
whose failure Kline examines in
Chronicle of a Failure Foretold . In his third book,
Showing Teeth to the Dragons , Kline shows how in his
first term President Álvaro Uribe Vélez more
successfully quelled the insurrection through a combination of
negotiated demobilization of paramilitary groups and using US
backing to mount more effective military campaigns. Kline opens
Fighting Monsters in the Abyss with a recap of
Colombia’s complex political history, the development of
Marxist rebels and paramilitary groups and their respective
relationships to the narcotics trade, and the attempts of
successive Colombian presidents to resolve the crisis. Kline next
examines the ability of the Colombian government to reimpose rule
in rebel-controlled territories as well as the challenges of
administering justice. He recounts the difficulties in the
enforcement of the landmark Law of Justice and Peace as well as
two significant government scandals, that of the “false
positives” (“falsos positivos”) in which
innocent civilians were killed by the military to inflate the
body counts of dead insurgents and a second scandal related to
illegal wiretapping. In tracing Uribe’s choices,
strategies, successes, and failures, Kline also uses the example
of Colombia to explore a dimension quite unique in the literature
about state building: what happens when some members of a
government resort to breaking rules or betraying their
societies’ values in well-intentioned efforts to build a
stronger state?
The end of imagination
2016
* The Cost of Living was the first essay that established Arundhati Roy as a major voice in non-fiction writing.
* New introduction by the author
* Arundhati is working on her new novel, the release of which, will generate attention for all of her non-fiction writing.
* Arundhati Roy is among the most well-known writers and social justice activists in the world today, with a committed global audience.
* Her best-selling 1997 novel \"The God of Small Things\" and her courageous, popular interviews and essays on war and peace, contemporary India and Kashmir, U.S. imperial power, and a renewal of popular democracy across the world, have earned her a large audience and international profile.
* Roy's writings on Southeast Asia come at a time of renewed interest in the subcontinent. But Roy offers an essential counterpoint to the caricatured Western image surrounding India's precarious version of secular democracy.
* The topics Roy explores are also of global concern. These include war, terrorism, national and ethnic identity, social inequality,