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"Hunting Psychological aspects."
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Hunting without weapons : on the pursuit of images
\"The cultural and historical significance of hunting lies not in the hunt itself, but rather in the power of the images it produces. Pictorial evidence, beginning with the famous cave paintings in Altamira, suggests that man has long represented himself as a natural hunter-gatherer. This book explores modern images of the hunt, establishes their archaeology and explains their places, functions and strengths\"--Page 4 of cover.
Book
Zona incerta GABAergic neurons integrate prey-related sensory signals and induce an appetitive drive to promote hunting
The neural substrates for predatory hunting, an evolutionarily conserved appetitive behavior, remain largely undefined. Photoactivation of zona incerta (ZI) GABAergic neurons strongly promotes hunting of both live and artificial prey. Conversely, photoinhibition of these neurons or deletion of their GABA function severely impairs hunting. Here electrophysiological recordings reveal that ZI neurons integrate prey-related multisensory signals and discriminate prey from non-prey targets. Visual or whisker sensory deprivation reduces calcium responses induced by prey introduction and attack and impair hunting. ZI photoactivation largely corrects the hunting impairment caused by sensory deprivations. Motivational and reinforcing assays reveal that ZI photoactivation is associated with a strong appetitive drive, causing repetitive self-stimulatory behaviors. These ZI neurons project to the periaqueductal gray matter to induce hunting and motivation. Thus, we have delineated the function of ZI GABAergic neurons in hunting, which integrates prey-related sensory signals into prey detection and attack and induces a strong appetitive motivational drive.Sensory detection of prey triggers hunting actions in predators. Zhao et al. show that the zona incerta integrates prey-related multisensory signals and induces a motivational drive to guide prey detection and promote predatory attack.
Journal Article
Self-efficacy and career intention: Uncovering the underlying processes
This study aims to suggest and empirically evaluate a conceptual framework that investigates the association of career self-efficacy with career intentions, emphasizing on the specific and sequential mediating mechanisms of two psychological constructs: person-environment (P-E) fit and career attitudes. Relationships among the constructs were hypothesized based on the relevant literature and were examined with AMOS and SPSS Process Macro using survey data collected from a sample of 341 job seekers in Bangladesh. Results showed that P-E fit and career attitudes each partially mediated the relationship between career self-efficacy and career intentions. Noticeably, both the mediators, together in sequence, completely mediated the above relationship. In light of the ensuring chain mediating role of P-E fit and career attitudes, a thorough understanding of the effects of self-efficacy on career intentions not only contributes to the existing literature, but also provides notable implications for career counselors and HR managers in today’s competing firms.
Journal Article
The Influence of College Students’ Core Self-evaluation on Job Search Outcomes: Chain Mediating Effect of Career Exploration and Career Adaptability
The study of college students’ job search and influencing factors has been an important topic in college students’ career development. The degree of satisfaction with the results of a college student’s perceived job search directly affects the sustainability of his or her future career. Although the importance of core self-evaluation in the job search process has been confirmed by a large body of literature, very little literature has focused on the mechanism of action between core self-evaluation and job search outcomes. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the impact of core self-evaluation on job search outcomes through a chain mediation model and to discuss the role of career exploration and career adaptability in this relationship. Two waves of survey data were utilized to test the research hypotheses on a sample of 310 college students facing employment in different regions of China. The results indicated that core self-evaluation positively impacted job search outcomes. In addition, career exploration and career adaptability moderated the relationship between core self-evaluation and job search outcomes, respectively. More importantly, core self-evaluation could also influence job search outcomes through the chain-mediating effects of career exploration and career adaptability.
Journal Article
Be the unicorn : 12 data-driven habits that separate the best leaders from the rest
Learn the essential life skills needed to stand out in an increasingly noisy and competitive world in this groundbreaking new book backed by proprietary research.
Book
Job Seekers’ Perceptions and Employment Prospects
This paper uses job seekers’ elicited beliefs about job finding to disentangle the sources of the decline in job-finding rates by duration of unemployment. We document that beliefs have strong predictive power for job finding, but are not revised downward when remaining unemployed and are subject to optimistic bias, especially for the long-term unemployed. Leveraging the predictive power of beliefs, we find substantial heterogeneity in job finding with the resulting dynamic selection explaining most of the observed negative duration dependence in job finding. Moreover, job seekers’ beliefs underreact to heterogeneity in job finding, distorting search behavior and increasing long-term unemployment.
Journal Article
Strength in adversity: The influence of psychological capital on job search
This study examined the influence of psychological capital on job search among displaced employees. On the basis of a sample of 179 retrenched professionals, managers, executives, and technicians, we found that psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience) was positively related with displaced employees' level of perceived employability, a coping resource. Perceived employability was positively related with problem-focused and symptom-focused coping strategies. Whereas problem-focused coping was positively related with preparatory and active job search, symptom-focused coping strategy was not. The relationship between psychological capital and preparatory and active job search was mediated by perceived employability and problem-focused coping. Implications of our findings are discussed.
Journal Article
The Perceived Social Support for Job Search Activity Scale
Lack of social support can have a profound impact on the job search efforts of young adults. The Perceived Social Support for Job Search Activity Scale (PSS-JSAS) was developed to assess the quality of social support a job seeker receives during a job search. Building on this previous work, the present study assessed the PSS-JSAS's factor structure, construct validity, reliability, and measurement invariance in the context of Ghana. Data for the present analysis were provided by 429 recent university graduates. The sample was randomly split into two subsamples for exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n = 223) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 206). EFA and parallel analysis with the first subsample suggested a single factor structure, comprising 6 items out of the original 8 items. In CFA with the second subsample, the construct validity of the single factor structure was found to be optimal. Multi-group CFA with the second subsample showed that the single factor structure was invariant across gender. Further, reliability analysis on the total sample and the subsamples demonstrated good internal consistency reliability for the 6 items. The validity evidence obtained in this study suggests that the PSS-JSAS has good psychometric properties and is thus suitable for assessing social support for job search efforts of university graduates.
Journal Article