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"Hunting and Gathering Societies"
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Violence and warfare among hunter-gatherers
\"How did warfare originate? Was it human genetics? Social competition? The rise of complexity? Intensive study of the long-term hunter-gatherer past brings us closer to an answer. The original chapters in this volume examine cultural areas on five continents where there is archaeological, ethnographic, and historical evidence for hunter-gatherer conflict despite high degrees of mobility, small populations, and relatively egalitarian social structures. Their controversial conclusions will elicit interest among anthropologists, archaeologists, and those in conflict studies.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Hadza
InThe Hadza, Frank Marlowe provides a quantitative ethnography of one of the last remaining societies of hunter-gatherers in the world. The Hadza, who inhabit an area of East Africa near the Serengeti and Olduvai Gorge, have long drawn the attention of anthropologists and archaeologists for maintaining a foraging lifestyle in a region that is key to understanding human origins. Marlowe ably applies his years of research with the Hadza to cover the traditional topics in ethnography-subsistence, material culture, religion, and social structure. But the book's unique contribution is to introduce readers to the more contemporary field of behavioral ecology, which attempts to understand human behavior from an evolutionary perspective. To that end,The Hadzaalso articulates the necessary background for readers whose exposure to human evolutionary theory is minimal.
eBook
Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer Complexity in North America
Demonstrating the wide variation among complex
hunter-gatherer communities in coastal settings
This book explores the forms and trajectories of social
complexity among fisher-hunter-gatherers who lived in coastal,
estuarine, and riverine settings in precolumbian North America.
Through case studies from several different regions and
intellectual traditions, the contributors to this volume
collectively demonstrate remarkable variation in the circumstances
and histories of complex hunter-gatherers in maritime
environments.
The volume draws on archaeological research from the North
Pacific and Alaska, the Pacific Northwest coast and interior, the
California Channel Islands, and the southeastern U.S. and Florida.
Contributors trace complex social configurations through
monumentality, ceremonialism, territoriality, community
organization, and trade and exchange. They show that while factors
such as boat travel, patterns of marine and riverine resource
availability, and sedentism and village formation are common
unifying threads across the continent, these factors manifest in
historically contingent ways in different contexts.
Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer Complexity in North America
offers specific, substantive examples of change and transformation
in these communities, emphasizing the wide range of complexity
among them. It considers the use of the term complex
hunter-gatherer and what these case studies show about the
value and limitations of the concept, adding nuance to an ongoing
conversation in the field.
Contributors: J. Matthew Compton | C. Trevor
Duke | Mikael Fauvelle | Caroline Funk | Colin Grier | Ashley
Hampton | Bobbi Hornbeck | Christopher S. Jazwa | Tristram R.
Kidder | Isabelle H. Lulewicz | Jennifer E. Perry | Christina Perry
Sampson | Thomas J. Pluckhahn | Anna Marie Prentiss | Scott D.
Sunell | Ariel Taivalkoski | Victor D. Thompson | Alexandra
Williams-Larson
A volume in the series Society and Ecology in Island and Coastal
Archaeology, edited by Victor D. Thompson and Scott M.
Fitzpatrick
eBook
California Indians and their environment
Capturing the vitality of California's unique indigenous cultures, this major new introduction incorporates the extensive research of the past thirty years into an illuminating, comprehensive synthesis for a wide audience. Based in part on new archaeological findings, it tells how the California Indians lived in vibrant polities, each boasting a rich village life including chiefs, religious specialists, master craftspeople, dances, feasts, and ceremonies. Throughout, the book emphasizes how these diverse communities interacted with the state's varied landscape, enhancing its already bountiful natural resources through various practices centered around prescribed burning. A handy reference section, illustrated with more than one hundred color photographs, describes the plants, animals, and minerals the California Indians used for food, basketry and cordage, medicine, and more. At a time when we are grappling with the problems of maintaining habitat diversity and sustainable economies, we find that these native peoples and their traditions have much to teach us about the future, as well as the past, of California.
eBook
The lifeways of hunter-gatherers : the foraging spectrum
\"In this book, Robert L. Kelly challenges the preconceptions that hunter-gatherers were Paleolithic relics living in a raw state of nature, instead crafting a position that emphasizes their diversity, and downplays attempts to model the original foraging lifeway or to use foragers to depict human nature stripped to its core. Kelly reviews the anthropological literature for variation among living foragers in terms of diet, mobility, sharing, land tenure, technology, exchange, male-female relations, division of labor, marriage, descent, and political organization. Using the paradigm of human behavioral ecology, he analyzes the diversity in these areas and seeks to explain rather than explain away variability, and argues for an approach to prehistory that uses archaeological data to test theory rather than one that uses ethnographic analogy to reconstruct the past\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Foragers and Farmers of the Northern Kayenta Region
Foragers and Farmers of the Northern Kayenta Region presents the results of a major archaeological excavation project on Navajo tribal land in the Four Corners area and integrates this new information with existing knowledge of the archaeology of the northern Kayenta region. The excavation of thirty-three sites provides a cross section of prehistory from which Navajo Nation archaeologists retrieved a wealth of information about subsistence, settlement, architecture, and other aspects of past lifeways. The project’s most important contributions involve the Basketmaker and Archaic periods, and include a large number of radiocarbon dates on high-quality samples. Dating back to the early Archaic period (ca. 7000 BC) and ranging forward through the Basketmaker components to the Puebloan period, this volume is a powerful record of ancient peoples and their cultures. Detailed supplementary data will be available on the University of Utah Press Web site upon publication of this summary volume.
eBook
Hidden Dimensions
The modelling and representation of prehistoric hunter-gatherer behaviours is largely influenced by the investigation of sites with high archaeological visibility, due to the presence of large amounts of knapped lithics, which generally survive the ravages of time. As a consequence, behaviours which were not, or to a limited extent, associated with stone tools are underrepresented in archaeological narratives about hunter-gatherer lifestyles, which, however, have characterised most of the human past. Occasionally, at sites where preservation conditions are good, archaeological finds point to the importance of organic resources for tools and the manufacturing of a broad range of use items, such as clothing, footwear, containers, as well as tent covers and mats. In fact, it is highly likely that organic materials - e.g. wood, bark, bone, antler, hide - were dominant in the creation of material culture, and possibly played a pivotal role in sociocultural communication.The lack of attention for sites and phenomena associated with no or few lithics causes several problems with regard to archaeological insights into the variability in landscape use, technological traditions, and sociocultural interaction. This book presents a collection of articles which address these problems from several angles, with an emphasis on the Mesolithic of NW Europe: dwellings and activities associated with no or few lithics; variability in site location and landscape use, notably in relation to hunting and ethology of game species; and technological aspects of non-lithic material culture. The book intends to increase awareness of the consequences of the issues addressed for our understanding of the past, and boost research and heritage management initiatives in this field.
eBook