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The blood brain barrier (BBB) limits the application of most therapeutic drugs for neurological diseases (NDs). Hybrid cell membrane‐coated nanoparticles derived from different cell types can mimic the surface properties and functionalities of the source cells, further enhancing their targeting precision and therapeutic efficacy. Neuroinflammation has been increasingly recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various NDs, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, a novel cell membrane coating is designed by hybridizing the membrane from platelets and chemokine (C–C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) cells are overexpressed to cross the BBB and target neuroinflammatory lesions. Past unsuccessful endeavors in AD drug development underscore the challenge of achieving favorable outcomes when utilizing single‐mechanism drugs.Two drugs with different mechanisms of actions into liposomes are successfully loaded to realize multitargeting treatment. In a transgenic mouse model for familial AD (5xFAD), the administration of these drug‐loaded hybrid cell membrane liposomes results in a significant reduction in amyloid plaque deposition, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairments. Collectively, the hybrid cell membrane‐coated nanomaterials offer new opportunities for precise drug delivery and disease‐specific targeting, which represent a versatile platform for targeted therapy in AD. A novel cell membrane coating is designed by hybridizing the membranes from platelets and chemokine receptor 2 overexpressing cells to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) and target neuroinflammatory lesions. Rapamycin and 1‐trifluoromethoxyphenyl‐3‐(1‐propionylpiperidin‐4‐yl) urea (TPPU) are loaded into the liposomes to achieve a synergistic therapy. These drug‐loaded hybrid cell membrane‐coated liposomes precisely target specific lesions and ameliorate cognitive deficiency in Alzheimer's disease.

Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) is a chloride and bicarbonate channel in secretory epithelia with a critical role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Mutations in CFTR are associated with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disorder in Caucasians. While remarkable treatment advances have been made recently in the form of modulator drugs directly rescuing CFTR dysfunction, there is still considerable scope for improvement of therapeutic effectiveness. Here, we report the application of a high‐throughput screening variant of the Mammalian Membrane Two‐Hybrid (MaMTH‐HTS) to map the protein–protein interactions of wild‐type (wt) and mutant CFTR (F508del), in an effort to better understand CF cellular effects and identify new drug targets for patient‐specific treatments. Combined with functional validation in multiple disease models, we have uncovered candidate proteins with potential roles in CFTR function/CF pathophysiology, including Fibrinogen Like 2 (FGL2), which we demonstrate in patient‐derived intestinal organoids has a significant effect on CFTR functional expression. SYNOPSIS A new MaMTH‐HTS platform is used with a Human ORFeome library to map the protein‐protein interactions of full‐length wildtype and F508del CFTR. Functional validations in multiple disease models uncovered proteins with potential roles in CFTR function and cystic fibrosis. MaMTH‐HTS identifies 447 interactors of wildtype and F508del CFTR. The CFTR interactomes are evaluated using traditional MaMTH and a fluorescence‐based assay is performed to monitor the effect of transiently expressed interactors on CFTR channel activity. siRNA‐mediated knockdown of candidate proteins reveals 19 interactors whose down‐regulation led to increased F508del CFTR trafficking and complex glycosylation. One candidate protein, Fibrinogen Like 2 (FGL2) has a significant effect on CFTR functional expression, as demonstrated in patient‐derived intestinal organoids. Graphical Abstract A new MaMTH‐HTS platform is used with a Human ORFeome library to map the protein‐protein interactions of full‐length wildtype and F508del CFTR. Functional validations in multiple disease models uncovered proteins with potential roles in CFTR function and cystic fibrosis.

Ion-selective separation, especially Na[sup.+]/Ca[sup.2+] separation, is of significant importance in the realms of biomimetic research and the fabrication of biomimetic devices, underscoring the pivotal role that sodium and calcium ions play in cellular metabolism. However, the analogous ionic radii and charge densities shared by sodium and calcium ions significantly impede their effective discrimination, presenting formidable challenges for the precise engineering of ion separation materials, such as separation membranes. In this study, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) separation membrane hybridized with zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (UiO-66, UiO-66-NO[sub.2] and UiO-66-NH[sub.2]) was constructed. Through the meticulous design of the MOF functional groups, the material’s affinity for specific ions was modulated, thereby achieving efficient Na[sup.+]/Ca[sup.2+] separation. Notably, the PDMS integrated with amino-modified Zr-MOF exhibited an efficacious selective separation of Na[sup.+] and Ca[sup.2+] ions. The interaction between the amino group of UiO-66-NH[sub.2] and Ca[sup.2+] gave rise to the observed superior selectivity toward Ca[sup.2+] cations and enhanced separation efficiencies of up to 64% compared to pristine PDMS for UiO-66-NH[sub.2]-embedded membranes.

Inorganic membrane science and technology is an attractive field of membrane separation technology, which has been dominated by polymer membranes. Recently, the inorganic membrane has been undergoing rapid development and innovation. Inorganic membranes have the advantage of resisting harsh chemical cleaning, high temperature and wear resistance, high chemical stability, long lifetime, and autoclavable. All of these outstanding properties made inorganic membranes good candidates to be used for water treatment and desalination applications. This paper is a state of the art review on the synthesis, development, and application of different inorganic membranes for water and wastewater treatment. The inorganic membranes reviewed in this paper include liquid membranes, dynamic membranes, various ceramic membranes, carbon based membranes, silica membranes, and zeolite membranes. A brief description of the different synthesis routes for the development of inorganic membranes for application in water industry is given and each synthesis rout is critically reviewed and compared. Thereafter, the recent studies on different application of inorganic membrane and their properties for water treatment and desalination in literature are critically summarized. It was reported that inorganic membranes despite their high synthesis cost, showed very promising results with high flux, full salt rejection, and very low or no fouling.

The circular economy requires advanced methods to recycle waste matter such as ammonia, which can be further used as a fuel and a precursor of numerous value-added chemicals. Here, we review methods for the recovery of ammonia from wastewater with emphasis on biological and physicochemical techniques, and their applications. Biological techniques involve nitrification, denitrification, and anammox processes and the use of membrane bioreactors. Physicochemical techniques comprise adsorption, membrane filtration, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, ammonia stripping, electrochemical oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, bioelectrochemical systems, and membrane hybrid systems. We found that nitrification and anammox processes in membrane bioreactors stand out for their cost-effectiveness, reduced sludge production, and energy efficiency. The use of struvite precipitation is an efficient, environmentally friendly, and recyclable method for ammonia removal. Membrane hybrid systems are promising for ammonia recovery, nutrient concentration, and wastewater treatment, with applications in fertilizer production and water purification. Overall, nitrogen removal ranges from 28 to 100%, and nitrogen recovery ranges from 9 to 100%.

Nowadays, ion-exchange membranes have numerous applications in water desalination, electrolysis, chemistry, food, health, energy, environment and other fields. All of these applications require high selectivity of ion transfer, i.e., high membrane permselectivity. The transport properties of ion-exchange membranes are determined by their structure, composition and preparation method. For various applications, the selectivity of transfer processes can be characterized by different parameters, for example, by the transport number of counterions (permselectivity in electrodialysis) or by the ratio of ionic conductivity to the permeability of some gases (crossover in fuel cells). However, in most cases there is a correlation: the higher the flux density of the target component through the membrane, the lower the selectivity of the process. This correlation has two aspects: first, it follows from the membrane material properties, often expressed as the trade-off between membrane permeability and permselectivity; and, second, it is due to the concentration polarization phenomenon, which increases with an increase in the applied driving force. In this review, both aspects are considered. Recent research and progress in the membrane selectivity improvement, mainly including a number of approaches as crosslinking, nanoparticle doping, surface modification, and the use of special synthetic methods (e.g., synthesis of grafted membranes or membranes with a fairly rigid three-dimensional matrix) are summarized. These approaches are promising for the ion-exchange membranes synthesis for electrodialysis, alternative energy, and the valuable component extraction from natural or waste-water. Perspectives on future development in this research field are also discussed.

Boyuan Liu,1,* Yongjie Wang,1– 3,* Weiquan Gong,1 Song Han,1 Zhenshan Lv,1 Zilin Zhang,1 Jinwei Qi,1 Aijun Song,1 Zongyuan Yang,1 Longfei Duan,1 Tianhui Zhang,1 Zhenyu Wang1 1Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhenyu Wang, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China, Email zhenyu@jlu.edu.cnAbstract: Nanotherapeutics based on platelet membranes represent a new and advanced biomimetic approach in nanomedicine. By covering synthetic nanoparticle cores with natural platelet membranes, these platforms ingeniously combine the multifaceted biointerfacing abilities of platelets, such as long circulation, immune evasion, and targeting of inflamed tissues, with the many functions of engineered cores. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the design and application of nanotherapeutics, categorizing them into three platforms: those derived from natural platelet membranes, those utilizing engineered platelet membranes for enhanced targeting or drug loading, and those employing hybrid membranes fused with other cell types to combine complementary functionalities. We emphasize their therapeutic efficacy in various inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, ischemic injury (stroke and myocardial infarction), rheumatoid arthritis, microbial infections, and the tumor inflammatory microenvironment. Finally, we discuss the translational potential and current challenges of this technology and provide a critical perspective on its future development in precision medicine. Keywords: platelet membrane, engineered platelet, hybrid membrane, inflammation, nanotherapy

One of the main differences between bacteria and archaea concerns their membrane composition. Whereas bacterial membranes are made up of glycerol-3-phosphate ester lipids, archaeal membranes are composed of glycerol-1-phosphate ether lipids. Here, we report the construction of a stable hybrid heterochiral membrane through lipid engineering of the bacterium Escherichia coli. By boosting isoprenoid biosynthesis and heterologous expression of archaeal ether lipid biosynthesis genes, we obtained a viable E. coli strain of which the membranes contain archaeal lipids with the expected stereochemistry. It has been found that the archaeal lipid biosynthesis enzymes are relatively promiscuous with respect to their glycerol phosphate backbone and that E. coli has the unexpected potential to generate glycerol-1-phosphate. The unprecedented level of 20–30% archaeal lipids in a bacterial cell has allowed for analyzing the effect on the mixed-membrane cell’s phenotype. Interestingly, growth rates are unchanged, whereas the robustness of cells with a hybrid heterochiral membrane appeared slightly increased. The implications of these findings for evolutionary scenarios are discussed.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), involved in essential physiological and pathological processes of the organism, have emerged as powerful tools for disease treatment owing to their unique natural biological characteristics and artificially acquired advantages. However, the limited targeting ability, insufficient production yield, and low drug‐loading capability of natural simplex EVs have greatly hindered their development in clinical translation. Therefore, the establishment of multifunctional hybrid membrane nanovesicles (HMNVs) with favorable adaptability and flexibility has become the key to expanding the practical application of EVs. This timely review summarizes the current progress of HMNVs for biomedical applications. Different HMNVs preparation strategies including physical, chemical, and chimera approaches are first discussed. This review then individually describes the diverse types of HMNVs based on homologous or heterologous cell membrane substances, a fusion of cell membrane and liposome, as well as a fusion of cell membrane and bacterial membrane. Subsequently, a specific emphasis is placed on the highlight of biological applications of the HMNVs toward various diseases with representative examples. Finally, ongoing challenges and prospects of the currently developed HMNVs in clinical translational applications are briefly presented. This review will not only stimulate broad interest among researchers from diverse disciplines but also provide valuable insights for the development of promising nanoplatforms in precision medicine.

Cell membrane- covered drug-delivery nanoplatforms have been garnering attention because of their enhanced bio-interfacing capabilities that originate from source cells. In this top-down technique, nanoparticles (NPs) are covered by various membrane coatings, including membranes from specialized cells or hybrid membranes that combine the capacities of different types of cell membranes. Here, hybrid membrane-coated doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs (DPLGA@[RAW-4T1] NPs) were fabricated by fusing membrane components derived from RAW264.7(RAW) and 4T1 cells (4T1). These NPs were used to treat lung metastases originating from breast cancer. This study indicates that the coupling of NPs with a hybrid membrane derived from macrophage and cancer cells has several advantages, such as the tendency to accumulate at sites of inflammation, ability to target specific metastasis, homogenous tumor targeting abilities in vitro, and markedly enhanced multi-target capability in a lung metastasis model in vivo. The DPLGA@[RAW-4T1] NPs exhibited excellent chemotherapeutic potential with approximately 88.9% anti-metastasis efficacy following treatment of breast cancer-derived lung metastases. These NPs were robust and displayed the multi-targeting abilities of hybrid membranes. This study provides a promising biomimetic nanoplatform for effective treatment of breast cancer metastasis.