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"Hyla"
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A new reproductive mode in anurans: Natural history of Bokermannohyla astartea
Anurans have the greatest diversity of reproductive modes among tetrapod vertebrates, with at least 41 being currently recognized. We describe a new reproductive mode for anurans, as exhibited by the Paranapiacaba Treefrog, Bokermannohyla astartea, an endemic and poorly known species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest belonging to the B. circumdata group. We also describe other aspects of its reproductive biology, that are relevant to understanding the new reproductive mode, such as courtship behavior, spawning, and tadpoles. Additionally, we redescribe its advertisement call and extend its vocal repertoire by describing three additional call types: courtship, amplectant, and presumed territorial. The new reproductive mode exhibited by B. astartea consists of: (1) deposition of aquatic eggs in leaf-tanks of terrestrial or epiphytic bromeliads located on or over the banks of temporary or permanent streams; (2) exotrophic tadpoles remain in the leaf-tanks during initial stages of development (until Gosner stage 26), after which they presumably jump or are transported to streams after heavy rains that flood their bromeliad tanks; and (3) tadpole development completes in streams. The tadpoles of B. astartea are similar to those of other species of the B. circumdata group, although with differences in the spiracle, eyes, and oral disc. The vocal repertoire of B. astartea exhibits previously unreported acoustic complexity for the genus. Bokermannohyla astartea is the only bromeligenous species known to date among the 187 known species within the tribe Cophomantini. We further discuss evolutionary hypotheses for the origin of this novel reproductive mode.
Journal Article
DNA Barcoding of Tree Frogs: Testing the Existence of Two Mitochondrial Lineages of Hyla savignyi
DNA barcoding is a popular approach that can aid in identifying species and has led to the discovery of many new amphibian species. In this study, we first performed DNA barcoding for two Hylidae family representatives (
Hyla orientalis
and
Hyla savignyi
) in the Anatolia region of Türkiye. Five species delineation tests (ABGD, GMYC, PTP, RESL, and statistical parsimony analysis) were applied, and four of them indicated that three mitochondrial lineages of Hylidae are present in Anatolia. Intraspecific genetic distances (K2P) ranged from 0.0014 to 0.0045, while the interspecific genetic distances ranged from 0.0753 to 0.1933. According to the tree topologies obtained from maximum likelihood (ML) within
H. savignyi
from Anatolia, two lineages can be differentiated, and further investigation is warranted as to whether these lineages represent distinct species.
Journal Article
A new species of the Dendropsophus decipiens Group
We describe a new species of the Dendropsophus decipiens Group, morphologically most resembling D. haddadi but genetically more closely related to D. oliveirai and likely endemic from the Atlantic Forest biome, northeastern Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from all species of the D. decipiens Group based on the combination of morphological features, advertisement call and phylogenetic position based on mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. The new species emits simple calls in series of 3-9 notes, each with 9-29 pulses, and dominant frequency varying from 5578-6422 Hz, and exhibit a minimum of 8% genetic distance (16S mitochondrial gene) in comparison to its congeners. The new taxa represent the sixth species of the D. decipiens Group, which likely harbors more undescribed taxa, corroborating the view that Neotropical species richness is fairly underestimated.
Journal Article