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Changes in State of Consciousness and Psi in Ganzfeld and Hypnosis Conditions/Changements dans l'Etat de Conscience et le Psi dans les Conditions Ganzfeld et Hypnose/Veranderungen im Bewusstseinszustand und Psi unter Ganzfeld- und Hypnosebedingungen/Cambios en el Estado de Consciencia y Psi en Ganzfeld e Hipnosis
In a previous experiment with participants high (Highs) and low (Lows) in hypnotizability, psi z scores had moderate to strong correlations with percipients' belief of their success and their previous ostensible psi experiences, experiencing an Altered State of Consciousness and other alterations of consciousness during a non-psi ganzfeld session, but only among the Highs. The current pre-registered study had a larger N of only Highs, evaluated in hypnosis and hypnosis + ganzfeld procedures. Participants (N = 35) served as \"receivers\" in two 20 min sessions of ganzfeld or hypnosis in counterbalanced order. Both sessions used hypnosis verbalizations, but only one of them had sensory homogenization. The authors served as \"sender\" and \"experimenter\" in different buildings. As an index of experienced alterations of consciousness, participants filled out the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) at the beginning and end of the sessions, and gave a rating of 0-100 to 4 film clips (one of them the target), from which psi z scores were derived. Overall, participants did not score better than chance and there was no difference between the conditions. However, for the ganzfeld sessions psi scores correlated moderately (r = .40, p = .02) with the PCI Altered State shift scores (ganzfeld--baseline scores). Although the overall psi rate was not significant, we found a relation between psi scoring and experiencing an Altered State in ganzfeld psi sessions.
Journal Article
50 Years Ago/100 Years Ago
Individual differences in 'hypnotizability' have been a major area of interest and in the course of their investigations several scales were developed for the quantitative assessment of hypnotic susceptibility ...
Journal Article
Therapeutic trances : the cooperation principle in Ericksonian hypnotherapy
\"Therapeutic Trances is a manifesto of the fundamental principles and techniques of Ericksonian hypnotherapy. This innovative volume lays out the principles and practice of developing relationships with patients and creating a hypnotic environment in which true healing can take place. The book offers therapists specific questions to ask and practical ideas to pursue, thereby illustrating how therapists may cooperate with clients to translate problems into solutions. Stephen Gilligan synthesizes the approaches of Erickson, Bandler & Grinder, and Bateson to bring a new perspective to the field\"--Page 4 of cover.
Book
Suç Tanıklığında Bilişsel Görüşme ve Hipnoz
Bu çalışmanın amacı, adli olaylarda tanıkların ve mağdurların olayları hatırlama düzeylerini artırmaya yönelik olarak kullanılan bilişsel görüşme ve adli hipnoz tekniklerinin teorik temellerini, uygulama süreçlerini ve doğruluk açısından farklılıklarını değerlendirmektir. Bu tekniklerin adli sistemde gerçeği aydınlatmada nasıl bir role sahip olduğu ve aralarındaki temel farkların belirlenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Çalışmada bilişsel görüşme ve adli hipnoz teknikleri incelenmiş, bu yöntemlerin adli olaylarda kullanımı üzerine literatürdeki teorik temeller ve pratik uygulamalar ele alınmıştır. Hipnozun tanıkların travmatik anıları hatırlama süreçlerindeki rolü, bilişsel görüşmenin sistematik yapısı ve bu tekniklerin sundukları avantajlar karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, bilişsel görüşmenin sistematik ve yapılandırılmış doğası sayesinde daha güvenilir bilgi elde etme olanağı sunduğunu, adli hipnozun ise daha kontrollü ve sınırlı bir şekilde uygulanması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Her iki teknik de adli olaylarda bilgi elde etmek için kullanılabilir olsa da, bilişsel görüşme yönteminin güvenilirlik açısından daha uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Hipnoz ise belirli sınırlamalar altında, özellikle travmatik olayların hatırlanmasında potansiyel fayda sağlamakla birlikte, hipnotik telkin riski nedeniyle daha dikkatli bir yaklaşım gerektirmektedir.
Journal Article
352 Feasibility of Hypnosis as Adjunctive Treatment for Subjective Sleep Disturbance: A Pilot Study and Proof of Concept
Introduction Hypnosis-based interventions have been shown to have a positive impact on several dimensions of sleep health. However, current evidence is limited as only a paucity of studies included populations with sleep complaints. Here we present a pilot data set to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a hypnosis-based adjunctive treatment for subjective sleep complaints. Methods Eleven adults (42% female; mean age 45±16.87 years) who sought treatment at the Stanford Sleep Medicine Center or Center for Integrative Medicine for subjective sleep complaints received hypnosis as adjunctive treatment. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess the weekly frequency of subjective sleep disturbances experienced before and after treatment, as well as 5-point Likert scale ratings of perceived qualitative improvement in symptom severity and overall sleep quality. Results Five participants (45%) reported a reduction in symptom frequency and severity after hypnosis treatment. All five participants attributed at least some of the improvement to hypnosis treatment. Most participants (63%) observed post-treatment improvements in their overall sleep quality. No participants reported adverse effects of hypnosis. Conclusion Results suggest hypnosis-based adjunctive treatment may be effective for alleviating subjective sleep disturbances. The findings serve as preliminary support for further randomly controlled trials in larger samples. Support (if any):
Journal Article
0042 EEP-PROMOTING GABAERGIC NEURONS IN THE PARAFACIAL ZONE PLAY A ROLE IN ANESTHETIC-INDUCED UNCONSCIOUSNESS IN MICE
Introduction Although the precise mechanisms by which anesthetics induce unconsciousness are unknown, there is evidence that shared brain circuits are engaged during sleep and general anesthesia. The parafacial zone (PZ) of the brainstem has recently been identified as a sleep-promoting region. Specifically, GABAergic neurons in the PZ (PZ-GABA) are active during non-REM sleep. The role of sleep-promoting PZ-GABA during anesthetic-induced hypnosis is unknown. We hypothesized that PZ-GABA are active during general anesthesia and contribute to anesthetic-induced hypnosis. Methods Adult C57BL6 mice (n = 3) were subjected to two-hour exposures of a hypnotic dose of an inhaled general anesthetic (isoflurane 1.2%) in oxygen, a non-immobilizer, F6, that lacks hypnotic properties (1,2-dicholorohexafluorocyclobutane 3%) in oxygen, or oxygen alone. The brains were harvested immediately following these exposures. The sections of brain were immunostained for c-Fos and GAD. To study the role of PZ-GABA in isoflurane-induced hypnosis, ablation of PZ-GABA was performed in adult bitransgenic Vgat-ires-Cre;Ai6 mice in which GABAergic neurons express a fluorescent reporter (n = 5 per group). Anesthesia sensitivity was evaluated weekly for four weeks after the virus injections by assessing the presence of a righting reflex during the exposures. Results In the PZ, a hypnotic dose of Isoflurane selectively activated GAD-positive GABAergic neurons compared to mice treated with F6 and oxygen. (P < 0.01 for both F6 and oxygen vs. Isoflurane, one-way ANOVA) Furthermore, mice lacking PZ-GABA demonstrated resistance to anesthetic induction, decreased sensitivity during the maintenance phase, and consistently increased the propensity to emerge from anesthesia. (For both induction and emergence, the upper 95% CI of EC50 at baseline was lower than the lower 95% CI at all time points after the injections. For maintenance phase, P < 0.05 for baseline vs. 1-week, one-way ANOVA) Conclusion PZ-GABA was active during isoflurane exposure. Moreover, the absence of PZ-GABA resulted in resistance to isoflurane-induced hypnosis. These findings suggest that PZ-GABA, a sleep-promoting region in the brainstem, plays an important role in general anesthesia. Support (if any) NIH (T32HL7713-27, T32 NS091006), ATS-ASPIRE
Journal Article
Hypnosis for unplanned procedural pain in the intensive care unit: the HYPIC randomized clinical trial
Background
Pain and anxiety are frequent among critically ill patients undergoing unplanned invasive procedures, and pharmacological pain relief is not always possible. Although hypnosis is widely used in planned painful procedures, studies are lacking in this specific setting. Thus, we aimed to assess whether hypnosis plus standard care reduced pain and anxiety in critically ill patients undergoing an unplanned invasive procedure in comparison to standard care.
Methods
The HYPIC trial was a randomized, single-blind, multicenter clinical trial of hypnosis during unplanned invasive procedures versus standard care for critically ill patients conducted in two French intensive care units (ICUs) from December 27, 2019, to January 25, 2022. Patients were randomly assigned to receive hypnosis plus standard care by trained healthcare providers or standard care. The hypnotherapists were in the room for both arms to maintain blindness. The primary endpoint was the difference in pain level experienced during the invasive procedure assessed immediately after the end of the procedure between the two groups. The secondary outcomes were anxiety level, lidocaine consumption and stress experienced by the ICU nurses in charge of the patients.
Results
We included 78 patients. The pain level, assessed with a numeric pain scale (range, 0–10), was not significantly different between the two groups (2.2 ± 2.9 vs. 2.2 ± 3, difference 0 pts [95% CI -1.3; 1.3],
p
= 0.89). The level of anxiety was significantly lower in the hypnosis group (2.4 ± 2.8 vs. 4.1 ± 3, difference − 1.7 [-3; -0.4],
p
= 0.01), as was the level of stress experienced by the ICU nurses (0.1 ± 0.4 vs. 0.9 ± 1.5, difference − 0.8 [-1.3;-0.3],
p
= 0.003), and the patients were three times less likely to require increased lidocaine consumption (odds ratio: 0.3 [0.13–0.84],
p
= 0.02) in the hypnosis group.
Conclusion
While hypnosis did not result in a statistically significant reduction in unplanned procedural pain, it seems to reduce anxiety, increase comfort, and reduce the stress level of healthcare providers.
Trial registration:
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04129333) on 14 October 2019, before the first patient was enrolled.
Journal Article