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The identification of modal parameters of a machine tool structure, in service, is important to ensure stability and productivity during machining operations. The characterization can be carried out through an Operational Modal Analysis (OMA). However, in the presence of strong harmonic excitation, the application of OMA is not straightforward. To overcome this difficulty, the Transmissibility Function-Based (TFB) method is proposed. The major advantage of this approach is its independence from the excitation nature and its ability to separate structural poles from spurious ones. The main novelty of this paper lies in the investigation of the TFB approach to identify the modal properties of a machine tool, during machining operations. Identified modal model through an Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) of the considered machine tool, at rest, presents our reference modal base to validate results obtained through the TFB approach. For a comparison purpose, the modified Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD) method is also investigated. Both methods enable the identification of the modal properties under operational conditions, with a clear advantage to the TFB approach due to its ability to eliminate all of the preponderant harmonic components from the measured data without the need of any additional selection criteria. The TFB method is thus a reliable technique for the identification of modal parameters of a machine tool in operational conditions.

Argument schemes are abstractions substantiating the inferential connection between premise(s) and conclusion in argumentative communication. Identifying such conventional patterns of reasoning is essential to the interpretation and evaluation of argumentation. Whether studying argumentation from a theory-driven or data-driven perspective, insight into the actual use of argumentation in communicative practice is essential. Large and reliably annotated corpora of argumentative discourse to quantitatively provide such insight are few and far between. This is all the more true for argument scheme corpora, which tend to suffer from a combination of limited size, poor validation, and the use of ad hoc restricted typologies. In the current paper, we describe the annotation of schemes on the basis of two distinct classifications: Walton’s taxonomy of argument schemes, and Wagemans’ Periodic Table of Arguments. We describe the annotation procedure for each, and the quantitative characteristics of the resulting annotated text corpora. In doing so, we extend the annotation of the preexisting US2016 corpus of televised election debates, resulting in, to the best of our knowledge, the two largest consistently annotated corpora of schemes in argumentative dialogue publicly available. Based on evaluation in terms of inter-annotator agreement, we propose further improvements to the guidelines for annotating schemes: the argument scheme key, and the Argument Type Identification Procedure.

The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling concerning suggestive eyewitness identification procedures (Manson v. Braithwaite, 1977, 432 U.S. 98) has not been revisited by the Court in the intervening 30+ years. Meanwhile, scientific studies of eyewitnesses have progressed and DNA exonerations show that mistaken identification is the primary cause of convictions of the innocent. We analyzed the two-inquiry logic in Manson in light of eyewitness science. Several problems are discussed. Ironically, we note that suggestive identification procedures (determined in the first inquiry) boost the eyewitnesses' standing on three of the five criteria (used in the second inquiry) that are used to decide whether the suggestive procedures were a problem. The net effect undermines safeguards intended by the Court and destroys incentives to avoid suggestive procedures.

Metaphors in gesture and speech play a pivotal role in the way that programming concepts are presented in the classroom. However, little is known about the function of teachers’ metaphors in practice. This study aims to explore teachers’ use of metaphors in gesture and speech in a lecture on programming. Based on video observations of three upper secondary teachers, we employ Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) and Metaphor Identification for Gesture Guidelines (MIG-G) as methodological tools for identifying metaphoric speech and gestures related to programming concepts. The results of the study reveal that the gestures of the three teachers mainly function in two ways: (1) to add spatial properties to a programming concept and (2) to provide additional imagery for a programming concept. Consequently, the gestures identified in this study reduce the communicative burden of teachers’ speech. Furthermore, the study reveals that teachers’ gestures serve as means for making abstract concepts more tangible. For example, gestures concerning the abstract term “data” can generally be related to an object that could be received or moved. Hence, despite its metaphorical origin, data could be considered a graspable aspect of programming. Furthermore, spatial gestures enable the teachers to communicate programming processes in a tangible way, for example assigning programming processes a forward direction. Theoretical implications, potential implications for teaching and future research are discussed in the paper.

Due to their abilities, multirotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be used in various missions that require complex and precise movements, so they are a typical representative of aerial robots. Since this type of UAV is characterized by high energy consumption, it is of most importance to precisely choose the system parameters and components in order to achieve the required flight performance that meets the mission requirements. In this paper, a method for characterization of the multirotor UAV propulsion system is proposed, which is a fundamental step in the design process of this type of UAV. For the purpose of method validation, experimental measurements and signal acquisition were performed, and the measurement results for the considered electric propulsion units were shown. An identification procedure is presented, which is used to process the measurement results or manufacturer’s data and display them as propulsion unit static maps. Based on static maps, the characterization process of the electric propulsion system is performed, and the propulsion unit characteristics are shown.

Thread lifting is considered a relatively noninvasive and effective treatment for facial rejuvenation compared to traditional facelift surgery. However, no consensus exists on anatomically favorable insertion layer for threads into the lateral facial area. This study aimed to examine the anatomy of the lateral face, particularly the superficial musculoaponeurotic system, and facial nerve course, and evaluate the safety of thread insertion into this region. Eight fresh cadavers were used. Thread insertion was performed in the lateral face with a single entry point at the temple area. Three threads were inserted: one terminated 1 cm lateral to the mouth corner, and the other terminated 1 cm lateral to the first termination point on either side. The safety of thread insertion was assessed using two advanced imaging modalities-micro-computed tomography with the contrast-enhanced agent phosphotungstic acid and ultrasonography. The threads were successfully inserted into the correct layer, superficial to the superficial musculoaponeurotic system, without damaging critical anatomical structures such as vessels, nerves, or muscles in the lateral face area. This study demonstrated that thread insertion into the superficial layer of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system is anatomically favorable approach for lifting lateral facial tissues. This layer offers the potential for achieving feasible results while minimizing iatrogenic complications in thread-lifting procedures.

This paper reports on the findings of a study that aimed at investigating the conceptual metaphors used in the Arabic subtitling of 150 English TV series (1982-2017), adopting Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) proposed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) for data analysis. The data were examined by using WordSmith Tools (Scot 2012) which is compatible with Arabic data. The study revealed that the most frequently used source domains in the corpus were journey, building, war, illness, plants, and machine, respectively; whereas, the least frequently used source domains were body parts, game, water, supernatural creatures, fabrics, fire, and light, respectively. Besides, the most commonly used type of conceptual metaphor is structural metaphor. The study concluded that the vast majority of metaphorical expressions are lexicalized and conventional to make the subtitling easily accessible to the reader. The study recommends that future studies be conducted on the translation strategies adopted in subtitling English metaphors into Arabic.

Efforts to launder money and finance terrorism have been evolving rapidly in recent years in response to heightened countermeasures. The international community has witnessed the use of increasingly sophisticated methods to move illicit funds through financial systems across the globe and has acknowledged the need for improved multilateral cooperation to fight these criminal activities. This second edition is to serve as a single, comprehensive source of practical information for countries to fight money laundering and terrorist financing. It discusses the problems caused by these crimes, the specific actions countries need to take to address them and the role international organizations play in the process. The report is organized as follows: Part A of this Reference Guide describes the problem of money laundering and terrorist financing, their adverse consequences, and the benefits of an effective regime. It also identifies the relevant international standard-setting organizations and discusses their specific efforts and instruments that fight these activities. Part B describes the various elements that are part of a comprehensive legal and institutional framework for anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism for any country. This part of the Reference Guide is a step-by-step approach to achieve compliance with international standards, although it does not dictate the specific methods or actions to be adopted. Rather, it raises the issues that must be addressed and discusses the options that a country has in order to resolve these issues. Part C describes the role of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) in the global effort and the coordination of technical assistance available to countries in order to help them achieve compliance with international standards. Each chapter is a self-contained discussion of the topics covered in that chapter with detailed references to background and original source materials. Annexes I, II and III provide complete citations to reference materials.

Objectives One of the legal safeguards designed to educate jurors about eyewitness evidence is judicial instructions. However, their effectiveness in sensitizing jurors to eyewitness accuracy and suggestive identification procedures captured on video is unknown. Methods Participants ( N = 232) watched the video-recorded identification and testimony of one of 16 genuine eyewitnesses. We varied the suggestiveness of the identification procedure, whether they saw an accurate or inaccurate identification, and whether or not they received Victorian judicial instructions about eyewitness evidence. Results Participants were sensitive to eyewitness accuracy when identification procedures were non-suggestive, with participants more likely to believe accurate eyewitnesses than inaccurate eyewitnesses. This sensitivity to identification accuracy was impaired when participants saw an identification made under suggestive circumstances. Judicial instructions did not significantly affect participants’ judgments with one exception: when they led to confusion. Participants who saw an identification obtained under suggestive circumstances were more willing to believe the eyewitness when they read the judicial instructions compared to those in the control condition. Conclusions Suggestive identification procedures impaired participants’ sensitivity to eyewitness accuracy. The Victorian judicial instructions did not improve participants’ sensitivity. This is the first test of judicial instructions that used Bayesian analyses to establish the absence of an effect. Thus, judicial instructions might not improve sensitivity to eyewitness accuracy or be an effective remedy for the damaging effects of suggestive identification procedures.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to optimize multilayer vacuum thermal insulation (MLI) of modern high-weight spacecrafts. An adequate mathematical simulation of heat transfer in the MLI is impossible if there is no available information on the main insulation properties. Design/methodology/approach The results of experiments in thermo-vacuum facilities are used to re-estimate some radiative properties of metallic foil/metalized polymer foil and spacer on the basis of the inverse problem solution. The experiments were carried out for the sample of real MLI used for the BP-Colombo satellite (ESA). The recently developed theoretical model based on neglecting possible near-field effects in radiative heat transfer between closely spaced aluminum foils was used in theoretical predictions of heat transfer through the MLI. Findings A comparison of the computational results and the experimental data confirms that there are no significant near-field effects between the neighboring MLI layers. It means that there is no considerable contradiction between the far-field model of radiative transfer in MLI and the experimental estimates. Originality/value An identification procedure for mathematical model of the multilayer thermal insulation showed that a modified theoretical model developed recently can be used to estimate thermal properties of the insulation at conditions of space vacuum.