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This work puts design theory into a real-world context with examples and case studies from some of the world's leading designers. The book comprises a comprehensive introduction to the language of product design.
Book
Influence of Application Conditions on the Magnetic Properties of Recycled Polymer-Bonded Magnets Based on Thermoplastics and Ferrite-Based Fillers
Several application possibilities exist in terms of polymer-bonded magnets, such as the sensors or smaller motors, for example, in the window operators of cars. Increasing demand and rising environmental awareness necessitate a higher understanding in terms of the possible recycling strategies for polymer-bonded magnets, especially in the context of a circular economy; post-consumer materials are barely available in terms of polymer-bonded magnets. This paper investigates the focused aging of polymer-bonded magnets based on thermoplastics and ferrite-based fillers via temperature and chemical treatment to reveal the post-industrial products representative of post-consumer products via fast aging. The changes in the dimension and the magnetic properties via these treatments are analyzed. Further, new samples are produced with 50 weight-% of recycled material to investigate the impact of the treatment on the magnetic properties of recycled samples. It was proven that both the dimension and magnetic properties were affected by the treatments. Unexpectedly, the magnetic properties increased with the fast aging based on the temperature treatment due to a so-called “snowball effect”. In addition, only the magnetic properties changed within the recycled material, where they reached about 100 mT and were about the same to 20% less relative to the ideal remanence BR value. With these investigations, the usability of the recycling strategy of reusing shreds in terms of thermoplastic-based polymer-bonded magnets with ferrite-based fillers was proven in terms of the post-industrial products representative of post-consumer products via fast aging.
Journal Article
Infrared Drying Trends Applied to Fruit
Aims: This article seeks to identify the main products to which drying is applied, mainly by infrared, as well as the mathematical models used to evaluate a product. Background: The drying of agro-industrial products is a very important unitary operation to avoid post-harvest losses. Objective: This article looks to respond to the following questions: Which raw materials are subjected to far-infrared drying? What are the mathematical models used in the application of far-infrared? Method: To identify the most focused articles on the topic, we worked with the search equation “TITLE-ABS-KEY (‘infrared drying’) AND fruits AND [LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, ‘AGRI’) OR LIMIT-TO (SUBJAREA, ‘ENGI’)],” which was run in the Scopus database for scientific articles. Result: After knowing the different technologies, more than 23 applications in agro-industrial products were identified. In these applications, it is observed how quality is one of the most important factors in the preservation of dehydrated products; far-infrared drying helps retain sensory quality in products such as sweet potatoes, grapes, Cordyceps militaris , and mangoes. Conclusion: A common factor that could be found from the articles and patents was the application of this infrared drying technique in fruits and vegetables with high water content, such as kiwi, chives, and mushroom varieties. These articles and patents based their studies on optimizing the technique by varying drying times, temperatures, and pressures, even sometimes combining different drying techniques—all to preserve the organoleptic characteristics of the product, avoiding damage to thermolabile compounds and obtaining a dry food of very good quality, performance, and characteristics.
Journal Article
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDUSTRY'S INNOVATION ACTIVITIES INDICES ON THE INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS' REVENUE OF UKRAINE
The article determines the scientific and methodological prerequisites for studying the influence of the industry's innovation potential indices on the industrial products' revenue of Ukraine. The analysis of the main indices of industrial and technological development that influence the industry's development is conducted. The major problems of the industry's functioning and development are revealed. Direct foreign investments in the Ukrainian industry and direct Ukrainian investment in professional, scientific and technical activities of the world are investigated. It is established that Ukraine often finances the scientific and technological progress of other countries, at the same time remaining raw-oriented. The export of high-tech products in Ukraine and other countries of the world is analysed. Assessment of the level of dependence of the world economies' competitiveness on the development of innovations is carried out along with the assessment of effectiveness of the innovation potential implementation in Ukrainian industry during 2005-2016. The mathematical model of correlation between the industrial products' revenue and the indices of the innovation potential development of the Ukrainian industry is proposed. The results of the analysis of the innovation development indices, calculated for each factor of linear, power and multiple models are obtained. The ratio between the influence of innovation activities indices and the index of the industrial products' revenue is elaborated.
Journal Article
Environmental and economic sustainability-aware resource service scheduling for industrial product service systems
As the sustainable development and servitization in manufacturing industry boost, industrial product service system (iPSS) has especially attracted much attention, due to its ability to provide systematic solutions by integrating industrial products and associated services. During the iPSS life cycle, product-service activities in the running phase take up the main part in time view. To improve sustainability, the efficiency and environmental impact in this phase is urgently required. Thus different kinds of resources for product-services need to be well allocated to improve hybrid economic and environmental benefits. In this paper, we discussed a multi-objective resource service scheduling problem in iPSS running phase, and consider the objectives of comprehensive customer satisfaction degree, resource utility efficiency and product-service cost. Further, the problem is formulated based on the above three objectives. Besides, a modified NSGA-II algorithm is described to solve the problem. A demonstrative case from a Blower Power Company of China is studied to verify the application of the proposed model. It is expected that our model would provide a deep insight into the sustainable resource service scheduling for iPSS suppliers who provide product-services for multiple customers.
Journal Article
Pollutants from fish feeding recycled for microalgae production as sustainable, renewable and valuable products
Trash fish feeding of cage fish can result in marine pollution. Whole and chopped trash fish can leach pollutants such as ammonia, phosphate and protein into surrounding waters. Reduction of pollution can be achieved by recycling the wastewater generated from trash fish feeding for cultivation of microalgae. Microalgae are potent candidates for the production of renewable and sustainable products such as feed and food, health and pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, industrial products, and biofuel. Two microalgae,
Chlorella saccharophila
and
Nannochloropsis
sp
.
, have the potential to produce high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, high oil content ranging from 10.7 to 13.6% is found in
Chlorella saccharophila
and up to 9.3% for
Nannochloropsis
sp. Moreover, these microalgae can also be utilized as a biofuel to give a mean calorific value of 5364 Cal/g which is higher than that of wood for
Chlorella saccharophila
and 6132 Cal/g which is equivalent to that of coal for
Nannochloropsis
sp. An alternative biofuel derived from microalgae is feasible due to the fact that they do not compete for arable land for cultivation and land crops for feed and food. This study discusses the synergistic coupling of microalgae mass production with wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration potential for mitigation of environmental impacts and a technically viable alternative energy resource. Additionally, the de-oiled biomass byproduct after oil extraction or its whole biomass can be converted into sustainable and renewal industrial products such as bioplastic, biopaint, bioasphalt, and biobuilding components.
Journal Article