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Probabilistic Logic Programming extends Logic Programming by enabling the representation of uncertain information by means of probability theory. Probabilistic Logic Programming is at the intersection of two wider research fields: the integration of logic and probability and Probabilistic Programming. Logic enables the representation of complex relations among entities while probability theory is useful for model uncertainty over attributes and relations. Combining the two is a very active field of study. Probabilistic Programming extends programming languages with probabilistic primitives that can be used to write complex probabilistic models. Algorithms for the inference and learning tasks are then provided automatically by the system. Probabilistic Logic programming is at the same time a logic language, with its knowledge representation capabilities, and a Turing complete language, with its computation capabilities, thus providing the best of both worlds. Since its birth, the field of Probabilistic Logic Programming has seen a steady increase of activity, with many proposals for languages and algorithms for inference and learning. Foundations of Probabilistic Logic Programming aims at providing an overview of the field with a special emphasis on languages under the Distribution Semantics, one of the most influential approaches. The book presents the main ideas for semantics, inference, and learning and highlights connections between the methods. Many examples of the book include a link to a page of the web application http://cplint.eu where the code can be run online.

In recent years, a considerable amount of effort has been devoted, both in industry and academia, towards the development of advanced methods of control theory with focus on its practical implementation in various fields of human activity such as space control, robotics, control applications in marine systems, control processes in agriculture and food production. Control Systems: Theory and Applications consists of selected best papers which were presented at XXIV International conference on automatic control “Automatics 2017” (September 13–15, 2017, Kyiv, Ukraine) organized by Ukrainian Association on Automatic Control (National member organization of IFAC – International Federation on Automatic Control) and National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. More than 120 presentations where discussed at the conference, with participation of the scientists from the numerous countries. The book is divided into two main parts, a first on Theory of Automatic Control (5 chapters) and the second on Control Systems Applications (8 chapters). The selected chapters provide an overview of challenges in the area of control systems design, modeling, engineering and implementation and the approaches and techniques that relevant research groups within this area are employing to try to resolve these. This book on advanced methods of control theory and successful cases in the practical implementation is ideal for personnel in modern technological processes automation and SCADA systems, robotics, space and marine industries as well as academic staff and master/research students in computerized control systems, automatized and computer-integrated systems, electrical and mechanical engineering.

Text analytics consist of the statistics about a text element, which includes the word count, the word histogram, and the word frequency histogram. Most text documents of value are related to other—sometimes many other—documents, and so analytics describing the relative frequency of terms in a document compared to its peers are important for defining key words (tagging, labeling, indexing), search-responsive terms (query terms), and compressed versions of the documents (key words, summary, etc.).This clearly written text explains the functional applications of search, translation, optimization, and learning with regard to text analytics. Generation of analytics is aided by a hybrid, ensemble, or other combinatorial approach in which two or more effective analytic processes are used simultaneously, and their outputs combined to form a better “consensus”. Additional value to the preservation of the information is provided through these methods. Also, since they encompass capabilities of two or more knowledge-generating systems, they can create a “superset” of access points to the data generated. The book also describes the role of functional approaches in the testing and configuration of these systems.

This book covers a wide range of challenges, technologies and state-of-the-art for the design, development and realization of these smart and complex embedded systems and their applications; i.e., software and hardware development, with the use of digital technologies, and quality assurance for critical applications. This book starts with automotive safety systems which is one of the major functional domains. The book discusses the importance of software in automotive systems followed by an insight into Automotive Software Standards, ISO26262, and Autosar. The book further discusses the use of Processor in the loop test for an adaptive trajectory tracking control for quadrotor UAVs. The book also illustrates the role of embedded systems in medical engineering. Various innovative applications involving the concept of image processing and Internet of Things are also presented in this book. The SoC Power Estimation is also investigated. Finally, a Review of the Hardware/Software Partitioning Algorithms with some future works have been presented. this book is intended for academicians, researchers, and industrialists.

Solid geometry is defined as the study of the geometry of three-dimensional solid figures in Euclidean space. There are numerous techniques in solid geometry, mainly analytic geometry and methods using vectors, since they use linear equations and matrix algebra. Solid geometry is quite useful in everyday life, for example, to design different signs and symbols such as octagon shape stop signs, to indicate traffic rules, to design different 3D objects like cubicles in gaming zones, innovative lifts, creative 3D interiors, and to design 3D computer graphics. Studying solid geometry helps students to improve visualization and increase logical thinking and creativity since it is applicable everywhere in day-to-day life. It builds up a foundation for advanced levels of mathematical studies. Numerous competitive exams include solid geometry since its foundation is required to study other branches like civil engineering, mechanical engineering, computer science engineering, architecture, etc. This book is designed especially for students of all levels, and can serve as a fundamental resource for advanced level studies not only in mathematics but also in various fields like engineering, interior design, architecture, etc. It includes theoretical aspects as well as numerous solved examples. The book includes numerical problems and problems of construction as well as practical problems as an application of the respective topic. A special feature of this book is that it includes solved examples using the mathematical tool MATLAB.

Sustainability enables the development of products with minimal environmental impact coupled with economical and societal benefits. This book provides an understanding of theoretical and practical perspectives pertaining to sustainable manufacturing. The book offers theoretical concepts and practical descriptions of sustainable manufacturing. It provides insights from research and practical applications, as well as industrial case studies, and several illustrations and examples. The book goes on to discuss design strategies that support sustainable manufacturing and includes ISO 14001 and PAS 2050 standards. The book addresses the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate engineering students, academic researchers and industry practitioners.

This book presents what you need to know to really implement continuous improvement in companies or other organizations. In addition to all the support needed for this to make sense, the importance of the right direction to guide it is unveiled. The reader will find in this book the origins of continuous improvement and all the framing that justifies and demystifies it in the aspects that characterize the socio-technical nature of organizations. This work also explores the need for effective coexistence between technical aspects and behavioral and cultural aspects, so that continuous improvement and excellence are achieved in organizations. Topics discussed in the book include: • The origins of continuous improvement • The main operational excellence models • The invisible side of organizations • The visible side of organizations • Decoding continuous improvement • The maturity levels of continuous improvement • Some models and tips for the implementation of continuous improvement • Main tools associated to excellence in organizations This book was written with the aim of helping engineering students in courses related to operations management to develop skills in this area, as well as businessmen with curiosity about this subject, production directors, people responsible for continuous improvement and all professionals working in companies or other organizations with responsibility for their performance and their future.

Sir Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists and mathematicians of all time, introduced the notion of a vector to define the existence of gravitational forces, the motion of the planets around the sun, and the motion of the moon around the earth. Vector calculus is a fundamental scientific tool that allows us to investigate the origins and evolution of space and time, as well as the origins of gravity, electromagnetism, and nuclear forces. Vector calculus is an essential language of mathematical physics, and plays a vital role in differential geometry and studies related to partial differential equations widely used in physics, engineering, fluid flow, electromagnetic fields, and other disciplines. Vector calculus represents physical quantities in two or three-dimensional space, as well as the variations in these quantities. The machinery of differential geometry, of which vector calculus is a subset, is used to understand most of the analytic results in a more general form. Many topics in the physical sciences can be mathematically studied using vector calculus techniques. This book is designed under the assumption that the readers have no prior knowledge of vector calculus. It begins with an introduction to vectors and scalars, and also covers scalar and vector products, vector differentiation and integrals, Gauss’s theorem, Stokes’s theorem, and Green’s theorem. The MATLAB programming is given in the last chapter. This book includes many illustrations, solved examples, practice examples, and multiple-choice questions.

The sixth generation of wireless communication (6G), succeeding 5G cellular technology, opens up several possibilities in terms of technology and its offered services. 6G is expected to allow usage of available higher frequency spectrums to cater to increased capacity, throughput, and low latency (<1 µs). 6G will witness the unification of various technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR), etc., to provide an immersive user experience. It is foreseen as the accelerator of transformation and innovation globally. To make this book a fundamental resource, we have invited world-renowned experts in 6G from the industry and academia to pen down their ideas on different aspects of 6G research. The chapters in this book cover a broader scope and various related and unrelated verticals. Specifically, this book covers the following topics: • 6G use cases, requirements, and enabling technologies • new spectrums and their challenges for 6G • privacy preservation in 6G networks • aerial infrastructure for 6G networks • economic challenges associated with 6G wireless networks. The encompassing intent of this book is to explore the evolution from current 5G networks towards the future 6G networks from a service, air interface, and network perspective, thereby laying out a vision for 6G networks.