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Actualmente, la innovación es considerada un imperativo estratégico para alcanzar el desarrollo económico y es la mejor opción para enfrentar los desafíos del futuro. Por ello, el estudio y el análisis de sus resultados constituyen una actividad relevante para el mundo académico, para el diseño de políticas públicas y para las revistas que difunden dicha información. Uno de los referentes más importantes en esta materia es el Índice Global de Innovación (GII) . Este informe, proporciona valores detallados sobre el desempeño de la innovación en 129 economías del mundo. Sus 80 indicadores aportan una visión amplia de la innovación, lo que incluye al entorno político, la educación, la infraestructura y la sofisticación del mercado entre otros.

Embracing the enhanced features of an ebook, the authors provide a primer on quantum optics for students and those wanting an introduction to the topic. Whereas standard texts employ complex mathematics and static images, the authors use interactivity to augment understanding via a visual hands-on experience. Forty interactive figures allow exploration of different themes, while multiple representations give a window on quantum dynamics both at the microscopic and macroscopic level, connecting understanding across length scales. A historical introduction and examples from modern research set these concepts firmly into both original and contemporary research context. This is an ideal text for final year undergraduate quantum optics students, and new graduate students in AMO physics, and researchers in physics and electrical/optical engineering. Part of IOP Series in Quantum Technology. New delivery technologies, green chemistry, computational intelligence, simulation know-how and Internet of Things have risen substantially within the healthcare domain over the past two decades. This reference text offers a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge technologies such as green synthesis schemes, medical electronics, artificial intelligence, machine learning and simulation modelling, all aimed at fostering sustainable healthcare advancements. Overall, this book stands as an essential reference for individuals seeking insights into forthcoming developments within the healthcare sector. Part of IPEM-IOP Series in Physics and Engineering in Medicine and Biology.

El fenómeno globalizante que mayores desafíos representa para el sector productivo mundial ha sido el de las diferenciaciones significativas en sus productos y servicios. En este frente, la industria se especializa en los cambios en la demanda y el criterio de sus clientes. Como resultado, la creación de valor frente a la competencia toma un lugar privilegiado en la implementación de estrategias, especialmente en contextos productivos caracterizados por inflexiones intempestivas del mercado. Por ello, la innovación es considerada como una herramienta para la efectividad de las estrategias en las organizaciones. Esta revisión de 134 publicaciones establece la relación entre la innovación (INN) y la ventaja competitiva (VC); el marco metodológico integra la minería de texto, el análisis de correspondencias múltiples y clústeres, y encuentra una tendencia hacia el estudio de la INN como un proceso interactivo, mientras que la VC mantiene una visión en recursos, conocimiento y los vínculos con el sector de la empresa. Se asocian por las capacidades internas, destinación de recursos a proyectos de investigación, identificación de oportunidades de mercado y establecimiento de vínculos con el sistema de innovación institucional (Estado). Una limitación central de la indagación es la escasez de estudios previos en el sector de servicios. The most challenging global phenomenon for the productive sector has been the increasing need for meaningful differentiation in products and services. In response, industries are becoming more specialized in adapting to shifting customer demands and preferences. Consequently, value creation in the face of competition assumes a central role in the formulation and implementation of strategies-particularly in production contexts marked by abrupt market shifts. Innovation is thus regarded as a critical tool for enhancing strategic effectiveness within organizations. This literature review, comprising 134 publications, explores the relationship between innovation (inn) and competitive advantage (ca). The methodological framework adopted by this study integrates text mining, multiple correspondence analysis, and clustering techniques. Our findings reveal a prevailing trend toward understanding inn as an interactive process, whereas ca remains anchored in resource-based perspectives, knowledge management, and linkages with the firm's sector. These two constructs are associated through internal capabilities, the allocation of resources to research initiatives, identification of market opportunities, and the establishment of connections with the institutional innovation system (i.e., the State). A key limitation of this study is the scarcity of prior research focused on the service sector. O fenômeno globalizante que maior desafio representa para o setor produtivo mundial tem sido o das diferenciações significativas em seus produtos e serviços. Neste aspecto, a indústria se especializa em mudanças na demanda e nos critérios dos clientes. Como resultado, a criação de valor diante da concorrência assume um lugar privilegiado na implementação de estratégias, especialmente em contextos produtivos caracterizados por inflexões intempestivas do mercado. A inovação é, portanto, considerada uma ferramenta para a eficácia das estratégias nas organizações. Esta revisão de 134 publicações estabelece a relação entre inovação e vantagem competitiva; a metodologia integra mineração de texto, análise de correspondência múltipla e clustering, e encontra uma tendência para o estudo da inovação como um processo interativo, enquanto a vantagem competitiva mantém o foco nos recursos, no conhecimento e nos vínculos com o setor da empresa. Eles estão associados a capacidades internas, alocação de recursos para projetos de pesquisa, identificação de oportunidades de mercado e estabelecimento de vínculos com o sistema de inovação institucional (Estado). Uma limitação central da pesquisa é a escassez de estudos anteriores no setor de serviços.

El artículo tiene como objetivo realizar el estado del arte sobre la medición de la innovación empresarial, con el fin de aumentar la comprensión del panorama de indicadores y diversas metodologías utilizadas para medir la innovación en el ambiente empresarial. Utilizando una revisión sistemática de las bases de datos de Web of Science y Scopus, se buscaron revistas, conferencias y capítulos de libros de los últimos diez años. Los resultados se combinaron y normalizaron con RStudio para, posteriormente, ser ilustrados y analizados con Bibliometrix. Los resultados identificaron una bibliografía con extensas citaciones y una fuerte relación en la evolución de los conceptos, así como los autores con mayor productividad, revistas con más publicaciones en la materia y la visualización de temas emergentes. La revisión permitió encontrar que la innovación se mantiene como una de las premisas básicas en el mundo empresarial, y que el estado del arte de los indicadores de medición de la innovación empresarial ha progresado significativamente en las últimas décadas; sin embargo, existe una necesidad de establecer un estándar internacional mediante una adecuada metodología para establecer los factores determinantes de la innovación empresarial que permitan su medición y así poder comparar los datos en una base consistente y precisa. This article presents a state-of-the-art review of business innovation measurement, aiming to enhance the understanding of the landscape of indicators and the diverse methodologies employed to assess innovation within the business environment. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Web of Science and Scopus databases, focusing on journal articles, conference proceedings, and book chapters published over the past decade. The retrieved data were merged and standardized using RStudio and subsequently visualized and analyzed with the Bibliometrix package. The findings reveal a highly cited and influential body of literature, alongside a notable conceptual evolution over time. This literature review work identifies the most prolific authors, the journals with the highest concentration of publications on the topic, and the emergence of novel research themes. The results affirm that innovation continues to be a cornerstone of the business landscape, and that scholarly understanding of business innovation measurement indicators has progressed substantially in recent decades. Nonetheless, the study also underscores the need for the development of an international standard and a robust methodological framework to identify the key determinants of business innovation. Such a standard would enable consistent, accurate measurement and facilitate cross-comparative analyses grounded in a reliable and coherent data foundation. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o estado da arte sobre a medição da inovação empresarial, a fim de ampliar a compreensão sobre o panorama dos indicadores e as várias metodologias utilizadas para medir a inovação no ambiente corporativo. Por meio de uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Web of Science e Scopus, foram selecionados periódicos, conferências e capítulos de livros dos últimos 10 anos. Os dados foram combinados e normalizados com o RStudio e, em seguida, ilustrados e analisados com a ferramenta Bibliometrix. Os resultados apontam uma bibliografia amplamente citada e revelam forte relação na evolução conceitual da área, além de identificar os autores com maior produtividade, os periódicos com mais publicações na área e a visualização de temas emergentes. A revisão confirmou que a inovação continua sendo uma das premissas básicas no meio empresarial e que o estado da arte dos indicadores para medir a inovação empresarial progrediu consideravelmente nas últimas décadas. Contudo, ainda persiste a necessidade de estabelecer um padrão internacional, com base em uma metodologia robusta, que permita identificar os fatores determinantes da inovação empresarial e possibilite uma medição consistente e comparável entre diferentes contextos.

The Handbook of Technology and Second Language Teaching and Learning presents a comprehensive exploration of the impact of technology on the field of second language learning. The rapidly evolving language-technology interface has propelled dramatic changes in, and increased opportunities for, second language teaching and learning. Its influence has been felt no less keenly in the approaches and methods of assessing learners' language and researching language teaching and learning. Contributions from a team of international scholars make up the Handbook consisting of four parts: language teaching and learning through technology; the technology-pedagogy interface; technology for L2 assessment; and research and development of technology for language learning. It considers how technology assists in all areas of language development, the emergence of pedagogy at the intersection of language and technology, technology in language assessment, and major research issues in research and development of technologies for language learning. It covers all aspects of language including grammar, vocabulary, reading, writing, listening, speaking, pragmatics, and intercultural learning, as well as new pedagogical and assessment approaches, and new ways of conceiving and conducting research and development. The Handbook of Technology and Second Language Teaching and Learning demonstrates the extensive, multifaceted implications of technology for language teachers, learners, materials-developers, and researchers.

El comportamiento innovador (CI) y el comportamiento innovador en el trabajo (IWB) son constructos de gran relevancia para las organizaciones humanas; debido a esto, se hace necesario conocer su definición teórica integrando conceptos propios de la psicología y el comportamiento organizacional (CO), como complementos necesarios para su comprensión. Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico con el apoyo de la base de datos de Scopus, identificándose artículos desde el periodo de 1963 al 2021, seguido de una revisión de literatura de artículos científicos de alto impacto para delimitar la definición conceptual del CI y del IWB, además de conocer algunas formas en que se han medido estos comportamientos. Los resultados muestran que el CI y el IWB son recientes y se caracterizan por ser una serie de comportamientos complejos que culminan con la implementación de una idea tanto a nivel organizacional como individual, los cuales pueden ser aplicados en otras áreas distintas a las organizaciones empresariales. Se concluye que el CI y el IWB están más ligados al CO, pero existe otra posible perspectiva que se escapa de este ámbito, además que se identifican importantes limitaciones en cómo se han medido, a pesar de los retos que implicó acceder a algunos trabajos académicos de alto impacto. Este trabajo aporta una clarificación conceptual del CI y del IWB, además de proponer nuevos debates. Innovative Behavior (IB) and Innovative Behavior at Work (IBW) are highly relevant constructs for organizations. Therefore, it is essential to know their theoretical definition by integrating concepts from psychology and organizational behavior (IBW) as necessary complements for their comprehension. To that end, we conducted a bibliometric study in Scopus that allowed identifying a series of articles on the matter that were published in the period 1963-2021. Afterwards, a literature review of high-impact scientific articles was performed in order to frame the conceptual definition of IB and IBW, in addition to acknowledge some ways in which this type of behaviors have been measured. Results show that the IB and the IBW are recent insights characterized by being made-up of a series of complex behaviors that lead to the implementation of an idea both at the organizational and individual levels, which can also be applied in areas other than business organizations. Authors conclude that IB and IBW are more linked to IBW, although there is another perspective beyond this area. Important limitations in the way these constructs have been measured, despite the challenges involved in accessing high-impact academic papers, were also observed. This work provides a conceptual clarification of IB and IBW while proposing new debates around the subject at the same time. o comportamento inovador (CI) e o comportamento inovador no trabalho (CIT) são constructos de grande relevância para as organizações humanas; devido a isso, faz-se necessário conhecer sua definição teórica integrando conceitos próprios da psicologia e do comportamento organizacional (CO), como complementos necessários para sua compreensão. Foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico com o apoio da base de dados Scopus, identificando-se artigos desde 1963 até 2021, seguido de uma revisão de literatura de artigos científicos de alto impacto para delimitar a definição conceitual do CI e do CIT, além de conhecer algumas formas em que esses comportamentos vêm sendo medidos. Os resultados mostram que o CI e o CIT são recentes e são caracterizados por serem uma série de comportamentos complexos que culminam com a implementação de uma ideia tanto no âmbito organizacional quanto no individual, os quais podem ser aplicados em outras áreas diferentes das organizações empresariais. Conclui- se que o CI e o CIT estão mais ligados ao CO, mas existe outra possível perspectiva que se desvia desse âmbito, além de serem identificadas importantes limitações em como foram medidas, apesar dos desafios que acessar alguns trabalhos acadêmicos de alto impacto implicou. Este trabalho contribui com um esclarecimento conceitual do CI e do CIT, além de propor novos debates. Le comportement innovant (CI) et le comportement innovant au travail (CIT) sont des concepts d'une grande importance pour les organisations humaines. C'est pourquoi il est nécessaire de connaître leur définition théorique en intégrant les concepts de la psychologie et du comportement organisationnel (CO), qui sont des compléments nécessaires à leur compréhension. On a mené une étude bibliométrique à l'aide de la base de données Scopus, en identifiant des articles de 1963 à 2021, suivie d'une analyse documentaire d'articles scientifiques à fort impact afin de délimiter la définition conceptuelle du CI et du CIT, en plus de connaître certaines des façons dont ces comportements ont été mesurés. Les résultats montrent que le CI et le CIT sont récents et se caractérisent par une série de comportements complexes qui aboutissent à la mise en œuvre d'une idée au niveau de l'organisation et de l'individu, ce qui peut s'appliquer à d'autres domaines que les organisations commerciales. On conclut que le CI et le CIT sont plus étroitement liés au CO, mais qu'il existe une autre perspective possible qui n'entre pas dans ce cadre, et on identifie d'importantes limitations dans la manière dont ils ont été mesurés, malgré les difficultés d'accès à certains travaux universitaires à fort impact. Ce document apporte une clarification conceptuelle du CI et du CIT, tout en proposant de nouveaux débats.

As cities compete globally, the Smart City has been touted as the important new strategic driver for regeneration and growth. Smart Cities are employing information and communication technologies in the quest for sustainable economic development and the fostering of new forms of collective life. This has made the Smart City an essential focus for engineers, architects, urban designers, urban planners, and politicians, as well as businesses such as CISCO, IBM and Siemens. Despite its broad appeal, few comprehensive books have been devoted to the subject so far, and even fewer have tried to relate it to cultural issues and to assume a truly critical stance by trying to decipher its consequences on urban space and experience. This cultural and critical lens is all the more important as the Smart City is as much an ideal permeated by Utopian beliefs as a concrete process of urban transformation. This ideal possesses a strong self-fulfilling character: our cities will become Smart because we want them to. This book opens with an examination of the technological reality on which Smart Cities are built, from the chips and sensors that enable us to monitor what happens within the infrastructure to the smartphones that connect individuals. Through these technologies, the urban space appears as activated, almost sentient. This activation generates two contrasting visions: on the one hand, a neo-cybernetic ambition to steer the city in the most efficient way; and on the other, a more bottom-up, participative approach in which empowered individuals invent new modes of cooperation. A thorough analysis of these two trends reveals them to be complementary. The Smart City of the near future will result from their mutual adjustment. In this process, urban space plays a decisive role. Smart Cities are contemporary with a spatial turn of the digital. Based on key technological developments like geo-localisation and augmented reality, the rising importance of space explains the strategic role of mapping in the evolution of the urban experience. Throughout this exploration of some of the key dimensions of the Smart City, this book constantly moves from the technological to the spatial as well as from a critical assessment of existing experiments to speculations on the rise of a new form of collective intelligence. In the future, cities will become smarter in a much more literal way than what is often currently assumed.

La creación de conocimiento se ha acelerado y actualmente es fuente de continuas y relevantes innovaciones. Esto se ve reflejado en el número de patentes que anualmente conceden los países a inventores e innovadores de todo el mundo

The collection is introduced with an essay by Barbie Zelizer and organized into three sections: how tabloidization affects the journalistic landscape; how technology changes what we think we know about journalism; and how ‘truthiness’ tweaks our understanding of the journalistic tradition. Short section introductions contextualise the essays and highlight the issues that they raise, creating a coherent study of journalism today. Introduction: Why Journalism’s Changing Faces Matter. Barbie Zelizer Part 1: On Tabloidization 1. Rethinking a Villain, Redeeming a Format: The Crisis and Cure in Tabloidization. Michael Serazio 2. Can Popularization Help the News Media? Herbert J. Gans 3. Tears and Trauma in the News. Carolyn Kitch 4. Tabloidization: What Is It and Does It Really Matter? S. Elizabeth Bird Part 2: On Technology 5. The Impact of Technology on Journalism. Lokman Tsui 6. Materiality and Mimicry in Contemporary Journalistic Practice. Pablo Boczkowski 7. The Guardian of the Real: Journalism in the Time of the New Mind. Julianne H. Newton 8. Technology and the Individual Journalist: Agency Beyond Imitation and Change. Mark Deuze Part 3: On Truthiness 9. Rethinking Truth through Truthiness. Keren Tenenboim-Weinblatt 10. Two Cheers for Positivism: Factual Knowledge in the Age of Truthiness. Michael Schudson 11. The Moment of Truthiness. James Ettema 12. Believable Fictions: Redactional Culture and the Will to Truthiness. Jeffrey Jones Afterword: The Troubling Evolution of Journalism. Peter Dahlgren. Barbie Zelizer is the Raymond Williams Professor of Communication and Director of the Scholars Program in Culture and Communication at the University of Pennsylvania's Annenberg School for Communication. A former journalist, Zelizer is known for her work in the area of journalism, culture, memory and images, particularly in times of crisis. Previous publications for Routledge include Reporting War: Journalism in Wartime (2004) and Journalism After September 11 (2002) (both co-edited with Stuart Allan) and Explorations in Communication and History (2008). \"These essays invite the reader to see the opportunities for the renewal of journalism and contribute significant discussion to the debate over journalism's future...Highly recommended.\" - CHOICE

Growing Up with Technology explores the role of technology in the everyday lives of three- and four-year-old children, presenting the implications for the children’s continuing learning and development. Children are growing up in a world where the internet, mobile phones and other forms of digital interaction are features of daily life. The authors have carefully observed children’s experiences at home and analysed the perspectives of parents, practitioners and the children themselves. This has enabled them to provide a nuanced account of the different ways in which technology can support or inhibit learning. Drawing on evidence from their research, the authors bring a fresh approach to these debates, based on establishing relationships with children, families and educators to get insights into practices, values and attitudes. A number of key questions are considered, including: Which technologies do young children encounter at home and preschool? What kind of learning takes place in these encounters? How can parents and practitioners support this learning? Are some children disadvantaged when it comes to learning with technology? Growing Up with Technology is strongly grounded in a series of research projects, providing new ways of thinking about how children’s learning with technology can be supported. It will be of great interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students on a range of courses including childhood studies, and those with a particular interest in the use of technology in education. Parents, practitioners and researchers will also find this a fascinating and informative read. @contents: Selected Contents : Prologue Chapter 1 Growing up with technology Chapter 2 The technologization of childhood? Chapter 3 Young children learning Chapter 4 Curriculum, pedagogy and technology in preschool Chapter 5 Support for learning with technology in preschool Chapter 6 The home as a learning environment Chapter 7 Learning with technology in the home Chapter 8 Guided interaction at home and preschool Chapter 9 Young children learning in a digital world Epilogue Appendix 1 Outlines of research projects Appendix 2 Guided enquiry Appendix 3 Conducting research with young children Lydia Plowman is Professor of Education and Christine Stephen is Research Fellow, both at the Stirling Institute of Education, University of Stirling. Joanna McPake is Vice-Dean for Knowledge Exchange, Faculty of Education, University of Strathclyde.