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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a key component of China's future international trading network. Through the Suez Canal (SC), the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI) links China to other parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe, making it a major route for global seaborne trade. This is because of the SC's unique location on the MSRI. This study uses annual data from 1990 to 2022 to examine this dynamic relationship. We use the Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR) model and Impulse Response Function to account for the interaction effect of the variables. Model results show that China's seaborne trade will increase SC trade by 23%, and China's BRI investment projects are anticipated to have a significant impact on SC cargo trade in the medium and long run. Developing more value-added services in adjacent regions and attracting large Chinese investments might make the SC a worldwide logistics and a green energy hub.

The implementation of public investment projects in Iraq in terms of cost and time specified within the general investment budget and in terms of quality; requires analysis the obstacles facing the implementation of these projects and propose appropriate solutions to them through developing a proposed program to analyze and address the problems through project phases. The aim of research for developing a computer program comprises the identified problems as input to the program and the proposed treatments as output for it; to facilitate the work of the departments involved in projects in making decisions and to avoid repeat the previous mistakes. The researcher conducted personal interviews to identify (55) problems facing the public investment projects in Iraq grouped in (5) groups; legal and administrative, financial, technical, problems with documentary credits and other problems, conducting questionnaire survey to clarify the impact of these problems on the implementation process, using a statistical program (SPSS) to compute relative important index (RII) for them to identify the group that most impact on the implementation of public investment projects. A visual basic program with database (SQL) was utilized to analyze and treat the problems related to the subject of research. This program is equipped with the ability to withdraw reports on projects as (word, pdf, or excel). The results from research showed that there is (absences coordination between different service departments, delays in land acquisition procedures for projects, weakness of the possibility of most consultancy offices designed for projects, weakness of personals specialized in the preparation of technical and economic feasibility studies and inaccuracy of signed contracts with contractors... etc.).

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods have evolved for various types of applications. In the past, even small variations to existing methods have led to the creation of new avenues for research. Thus, in this study, we review the MCDM methods in investment management and examine the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in a risk environment. In addition, we study the effectiveness of investment projects using these methods. The analysis of MCDM methods performed in this study provides a guide for the use of these methods, especially the ones based on interval data, in investment project analysis. Furthermore, we propose a combination of multi-criterial selection and interval preferences to evaluate investment projects. Our method improves on the method of calculating economic efficiency based on a one-dimensional criterion and sensitivity analysis, though our proposal involves complicated calculations.

Managerial flexibilities have to be taken into account in ex-ante decision-making on IT investment projects (ITIPs). In many papers of the IS literature, standard financial option pricing models are used to value such managerial flexibilities. Based on a review of the related literature, the paper critically discusses the assumptions of the most frequently used financial option pricing model, namely the Black–Scholes model, arguing for relaxed assumptions that better represent the characteristics of ITIPs. The authors find that existing real option analysis approaches featured in the IS, Finance, and Economics literature are unable to consider more than two of our relaxed assumptions. Consequently, they present their own approach in form of a simulation model for the valuation of real options in ITIPs which offers a better representation of the characteristics of ITIPs by taking the discounted cash-flows and the runtime to be uncertain as well as the market to be incomplete. Based on these modifications of the Black–Scholes model’s assumptions, it is found that the resulting option value contains idiosyncratic risk that has to be taken into account in ITIP decision making. For the realistic case of risk averse decision makers, the consideration of idiosyncratic risk usually leads to a lower risk-adjusted option value, compared to one calculated by means of the Black–Scholes model. This confirms the perception of managers who feel that financial option pricing models frequently overvalue ITIPs and hence may induce flawed investment decisions.

This work makes a comparative analysis of the evaluation of an investment project, considering two approaches, one with cash flows at constant prices and the other at current prices. The goal is to determine which of these two approaches is best for project evaluation to make the right investment decision. At present, both positions remain, as some authors recommend that the best approach to evaluate investment projects is to use cash flows at current prices, while others prefer the constant prices approach. The study presented here performs an analysis of the growth of these flows considering an increase in real production in both approaches at constant and current prices, and the project is evaluated using two methods: NPV and IRR. With the results obtained, a discussion is carried out where it is shown that the main conclusion is that the constant prices approach is better for evaluating investment projects and determining their viability without incurring additional risks to the project.

Investment projects evaluation is considered in the article. Authors offer using developed mathematical apparatus integrated into a proactive monitoring system for the benefit of investment projects assessment. Proactive monitoring systems have a great capacity for improving decision making on entering investment projects, which can be widely used by commercial companies, state bodies, banks, etc. Using mathematical based evaluation systems will help ranking investment projects to select the best and most promising among the available. Based on the study, the author sees it best to apply mathematical models and concentrate on conceptual investment projects for reducing monitoring and evaluation costs, as well as initial development costs. Optimal ways to form expert groups for investment project proactive monitoring is offered in conclusion.

The study aims to fix the determinants of the financing dimensions of investment projects completed during the period 2002-2013. The purpose of undertaking these investment projects is to reduce unemployment and create new jobs. The study is purely quantitative after a complete database was obtained for each of the 48 states of Algeria, according to the administrative division in that period, from the National Agency for Investment Development (NAID) in Algeria. The determinants of the dimensions of financing for investment projects were obtained after we used the statistical technique of multiple linear regression analysis. From the perspective of the objective database, the methodology used to analyze the data, and complete transparency in dealing with the research process, we can confirm that the research results are honest and reliable, and the results can be generalized and a strategy for promoting investment in Algeria can be drawn up on a correct basis.

The integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria in investment decision-making is increasingly critical for evaluating energy projects. This study develops a structured, quantifiable framework using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method to assess and rank ESG factors, addressing the limitations of traditional scoring-based models. The proposed methodology systematically identifies the most influential ESG criteria and accounts for their interdependencies, providing a more comprehensive decision-making tool. The analysis, based on expert evaluations, highlights the dominant role of renewable energy integration, resource efficiency, and risk management in determining project sustainability. The results demonstrate that the framework ensures a more transparent and adaptable assessment process, supporting both investors and policymakers in navigating complex energy investment landscapes. The study also establishes a scalable approach that can incorporate financial performance indicators, enhancing the practical applicability of ESG-based investment evaluation.

The article examines the key factors influencing the efficiency and attractiveness of regional investment projects in Uzbekistan, with particular emphasis on institutional conditions, financial mechanisms, and the role of Youth Industrial and Entrepreneurship Zones (YIEZs). The study explores the conceptual foundations of the investment environment, investment climate, and investment attractiveness, drawing on international and national theoretical perspectives. Using analytical and comparative methods, the research evaluates existing barriers to investment efficiency, including infrastructure gaps, regulatory inconsistencies, high project costs, and limited investor protection. Special attention is given to the functioning of YIEZs as a policy instrument aimed at promoting youth entrepreneurship and stimulating regional economic development. Based on statistical data and project implementation reports, the article assesses current outcomes in YIEZs and identifies structural challenges that affect project performance. The study proposes an improved financial mechanism for leasing production facilities to young entrepreneurs, aiming to reduce entry barriers and enhance project sustainability. The research concludes that strengthening institutional coordination, expanding financial incentives, and improving infrastructure are essential for increasing investment project efficiency and creating a more competitive regional investment environment in Uzbekistan.

In the context of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, digital green innovation development is becoming more and more important for enterprises. In order to effectively improve green competitiveness and increase profits, photovoltaic building materials enterprises must choose digital green innovation projects for investment. The purpose of this study is to build a reasonable investment project selection framework system and propose appropriate methods for photovoltaic building materials enterprises to help them correctly choose digital green innovation investment projects. This study firstly combines relevant theories and digital green innovation characteristics of target investment projects to build a framework system for photovoltaic building materials enterprises to select investment projects. Secondly, this study innovatively proposes a dynamic intuitionistic fuzzy multi-attribute group decision-making method considering the interaction between attributes. Finally, this study takes Yingli Group as the research object and conducts an empirical study on it to verify the scientific nature and reliability of the framework system and method selection. The results show that the framework system includes four aspects: external support system, commercialization expectation, project operation ability and project operation resources. Yingli Group should choose project A3 for cooperation. The framework system and method proposed in this study are feasible and can help Yingli Group correctly choose digital green innovation investment projects. At the same time, this study also brings positive enlightenment to other photovoltaic building materials enterprises in the world when choosing digital green innovation investment projects.