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This volume brings together a group of scholars from a wide range of disciplines to address crucial questions of migration flows and integration in Europe, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Comparative analysis of the three regions and their differing approaches and outcomes yields important insights for each region, as well as provokes new questions and suggests future avenues of study.

Transit migration, comprising mixed flows of refugees and labour, is widely considered a concern and even security threat. However, the concept is as vague and blurred as it is politicised. This volume offers evidence-based, comprehensive coverage of the entire belt of countries in the neighbourhood of the EU, ranging from Russia to Morocco. Transit migration is critically analyzed from the perspective of sending, transit and receiving countries, offering new insights into refugee and irregular migration flows, transnational migration networks and overlapping migration systems.

Transit migration is a term that is used to describe mixed flows of different types of temporary migrants, including refugees and labor migrants. In the popular press, it is often confused with illegal or irregular migration and carries associations with human smuggling and organized crime. This volume addresses that confusion, and the uncertainty of terminology and analysis that underlies it, offering an evidence-based, comprehensive approach to defining and understanding transit migration in Europe.

This volume brings together a group of scholars from a wide range of disciplines to address crucial questions of migration flows and integration in Europe, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Comparative analysis of the three regions and their differing approaches and outcomes yields important insights for each region, as well as provokes new questions and suggests future avenues of study.

This article analyzes the EU’s approach to addressing irregular migration against the background of a deteriorating security environment and other challenges such as climate change. It argues that loopholes and flaws, both within and between member states, create incentives for the instrumentalization of migration by third countries and political actors. At the same time, although migrant movements caused by climate change are generally internal and temporary, the lack of a commonly accepted term for climate migration and climate migrants hinders the integration of climate-induced migration in EU migration policies, especially when it occurs alongside armed conflicts.

Migration controls at the external EU borders have become a large field of political and financial investment in recent years – indeed, an ‘industry’ of sorts – yet conflicts between states and border agencies still mar attempts at cooperation. This article takes a close look at one way in which officials try to overcome such conflicts: through technology. In West Africa, the secure ‘Seahorse’ network hardwires border cooperation into a satellite system connecting African and European forces. In Spain’s North African enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, advanced border fencing has joined up actors around a supposedly impenetrable divide. And on the EU level, the ‘European external border surveillance system’, or Eurosur, papers over power struggles between agencies and states through ‘decentralized’ information-sharing – even as the system’s physical features (nodes, coordination centres, interfaces) deepen competition between them. The article shows how such technologies, rather than ‘halting migration’, have above all acted as catalysts for new social relations among disparate sectors, creating areas for collaboration and competition, compliance and conflict. With these dynamics in mind, the conclusion sketches an ‘ecological’ perspective on the materialities of border control – infrastructure, interfaces, vehicles – while calling for more research on their contradictory and often counterproductive consequences.

This volume brings together a group of scholars from a wide range of disciplines to address crucial questions of migration flows and integration in Europe, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Comparative analysis of the three regions and their differing approaches and outcomes yields important insights for each region, as well as provokes new questions and suggests future avenues of study.

Aim: The aim of the study is to show whether there has been a significant change in the phenotypical pattern of irregular inward migration at Hungary's Schengen external border since 2015.Methodology: Using the tools of scientific research methodology, the Author conducts domestic and international source research and media studies. By analysing and evaluating data requested from the data controller, the Author prepares a summary assessment, which can be used to interpret the migration elements under investigation, describe the processes, and hypothesis.Findings: Based on the results of the research underlying the study, it can be concluded that in the course of irregular migration activities in the Schengen external border of Hungary – in particular in Serbia – verbal aggression against physical elements and persons guarding the state border was followed by physical attacks.Value: Based on research methodological findings, the study presents the typological changes in irregular migration actions in the Serbian border area of Hungary in recent years and the emergence of verbal and physical violence by those seeking to enter illegally. Cél: A tanulmány célja annak bemutatása, hogy 2015 óta történt-e jelentős változás az illegális befelé irányuló migráció fenotípusos mintázatában Magyarország schengeni külső határán.Módszertan: A szerző a tudományos kutatás módszertanának eszközeivel hazai és nemzetközi forráskutatásokat és médiatanulmányokat végez. Az adatkezelőtől kért adatok elemzésével és értékelésével a szerző összefoglaló értékelést készít, amely alkalmas a vizsgált migrációs elemek értelmezésére, a folyamatok leírására, hipotézisek felállítására.Megállapítások: A tanulmány alapjául szolgáló kutatás eredményei alapján megállapítható, hogy Magyarország schengeni külső határán - különösen Szerbiában - az irreguláris migrációs tevékenység során a fizikai elemek és az államhatárt őrző személyek elleni verbális agressziót fizikai támadások követték.Értékek: A tanulmány a kutatás módszertani eredményei alapján bemutatja az illegális migrációs cselekmények tipológiai változásait Magyarország szerbiai határvidékén az elmúlt években, valamint az illegális belépésre törekvők által elkövetett verbális és fizikai erőszak megjelenését.

\"My world seems upside down. I have grown up but I feel like I'm moving backward. And I can't do anything about it.\" -EsperanzaOver two million of the nation's eleven million undocumented immigrants have lived in the United States since childhood. Due to a broken immigration system, they grow up to uncertain futures. InLives in Limbo,Roberto G. Gonzales introduces us to two groups: the college-goers, like Ricardo, who had good grades and a strong network of community support that propelled him to college and DREAM Act organizing but still landed in a factory job a few short years after graduation, and the early-exiters, like Gabriel, who failed to make meaningful connections in high school and started navigating dead-end jobs, immigration checkpoints, and a world narrowly circumscribed by legal limitations. This vivid ethnography explores why highly educated undocumented youth share similar work and life outcomes with their less-educated peers, despite the fact that higher education is touted as the path to integration and success in America. Mining the results of an extraordinary twelve-year study that followed 150 undocumented young adults in Los Angeles,Lives in Limboexposes the failures of a system that integrates children into K-12 schools but ultimately denies them the rewards of their labor.

Death and suffering of migrants at Europe’s Mediterranean Sea border has become one of the defining moral and political issues of our time. While humanitarian organizations argue that deaths result from Europe’s policy of exclusion and closure, those employing a deterrence-oriented narrative have argued for even stricter border controls. Perhaps because of its contentious nature, the debate is often devoid of systematic information on the drivers and dynamics of border deaths. This study contributes to our understanding of border deaths in the Mediterranean region in three ways: it describes and evaluates recent data sources on migration and mortality; it provides a descriptive statistical analysis of absolute and relative mortality risks between 2010 and 2016; and it assesses the relationship between European border policy and border deaths. Our findings challenge the dominant deterrence-oriented policy narrative and highlight the failure of European authorities to address the ongoing humanitarian crisis.