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Many academic studies included the history of tribes in light of the books of orientalists and showed the most important opinions contained therein, and provided criticism and analysis of these historical texts, but despite the efforts made in this scientific path still exists to search for new methods and ways to deal with this great orientalist current, hence my choice of the topic (Banu Sulayh tribe) for research that is concerned with studying the historical origin of the tribe according to the texts of the orientalist Krankow and analyzes the opinions contained therein has shown The most important conclusions on these narrations.The origin of the emergence of the Banu Sulayh tribe and the writings about it are the subject of controversy, discussion and the difference of many opinions about its inception, due to the lack of sources that I wrote about, although I collected these opinions from Arab sources and I entered the opinion of the orientalist on them and then compared them and concluded through analysis, study and comparison of years and their importance increased after the entry of the Muslim Arabs to it because it is a Christian tribe and in its details the process of Islamization was formed and one of the difficulties I faced where that tribe lived and the difficulty of communicating with it in addition to that did not Write something about its kings made it the focus of researchers attention but it must not.

Many academic studies included the history of tribes in light of the books of orientalists and showed the most important opinions contained therein, and provided criticism and analysis of these historical texts, but despite the efforts made in this scientific path still exists to search for new methods and ways to deal with this great orientalist current, hence my choice of the topic (Banu Sulayh tribe) for research that is concerned with studying the historical origin of the tribe according to the texts of the orientalist Krankow and analyzes the opinions contained therein has shown The most important conclusions on these narrations.The origin of the emergence of the Banu Sulayh tribe and the writings about it are the subject of controversy, discussion and the difference of many opinions about its inception, due to the lack of sources that I wrote about, although I collected these opinions from Arab sources and I entered the opinion of the orientalist on them and then compared them and concluded through analysis, study and comparison of years and their importance increased after the entry of the Muslim Arabs to it because it is a Christian tribe and in its details the process of Islamization was formed and one of the difficulties I faced where that tribe lived and the difficulty of communicating with it in addition to that did not Write something about its kings made it the focus of researchers attention but it must not.

Az 1956-ban megalakult Szudáni Köztársaság a függetlenné válását követően két brutális polgárháborút is megélt. Az ország északi, muszlim arabok lakta és a déli, többnyire keresztény és animista vallásúakat magában foglaló területei közötti feszültségek az angol–egyiptomi közös uralom és gyarmati fennhatóság megszűnését követően, szinte rögtön a felszínre törtek. Közel fél évszázad, rengeteg áldozat és két békeegyezmény kellett ahhoz, hogy Dél-Szudán végül elszakadva az anyaországtól, 2011-ben független állammá váljon. Jelen tanulmány a fegyveres erőszakhoz vezető folyamatokat, azok vallási aspektusait és a polgárháborúk tekintetében lényeges, egyéb körülményeket foglalja össze.

By translating many books of fiqh and Sufism into Javanese, KH Sholeh Darat has actually left a trail of brilliant Islamic thought in Semarang. This can be traced through his works which are works of translation, one of which is the magnum opus is the Book of Syarh Al Hikam. Therefore, the teachings of Islam are easily understood and accepted by the Semarang Islamic community. This is as conveyed in the message of preaching at the house of the Regent of Demak who is the uncle of R.A. Kartini. KH Sholeh Darat translated the Koran into Javanese using Arabic Pegon. Therefore, the effort to translate various books into Javanese is none other than the process of Islamization in Semarang, which is a trail of Islamic teaching that is very accommodating to Javanese culture in the Semarang area. Therefore, this manuscript needs to be studied philologically and thematically, especially the values of the propaganda of KH Sholeh Darat which provide a wind of harmony in religion. Through intertextual studies this study intends to find the character relationship of Syarah Al Hikam KH Soleh Darat. Through the learning of the Al Hikam book, traces of Islamic thought and the method of da'wah that combines Islamic culture and Javanese culture, accommodating, moderate, between the Shari'a and the tarekat is the harmonization of Islam can be accepted in the multicultural society in Semarang and Java in the 19th century.

In 2019 one of the original members of the Editorial Board of BMGS, and one of the most illustrious sons of the Greek-American Diaspora, Speros Vryonis, departed this life. Over that period, the seizure of the bishops’ estates, mass Islamization, and feuds among the emirates which brought uncertainty to the Christian populations, weakened Hellenism. [...]the old Christian and Greek-speaking communities survived, until centuries later they came to seek their independence.

This study aims to examine the various approaches taken by Muslim scholars of the Indian Subcontinent in response to modern science, particularly during the 19th and 20th centuries, when colonial epistemology profoundly influenced Muslim thought in the region. These approaches seek to address a common problem: resolving the perceived incompatibility between Islam and modern science. However, they offer distinct solutions in this regard. The first section provides a comprehensive overview of the methods adopted by proponents of these approaches, highlighting the strategies used to harmonize the Qur’ān with modern science, the epistemological problems they identify and the theological solutions they offer. The second part presents a critical analysis of the attempts to harmonize the Qur’ān and modern science from the perspective of those who completely reject both the modern and Islamic versions of science. This paper adopts a qualitative approach, employing historical and analytical research methods to trace the development of these debates. Primary sources have been given priority to capture the authentic voices of the scholars involved, while secondary sources, including contemporary academic research, have also been used where necessary to provide contextual and comparative analysis. The paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the modern intellectual history of the Muslim world in response to modern science and to highlight the ongoing relevance of these debates in contemporary Islamic thought.