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"Iago"
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The tragedy of Othello : the moor of Venice
Seeing Shakespeare, a new series from David Zwirner Books, brings the world's leading contemporary artists together with William Shakespeare. Featuring covers designed by the artists and illustrations throughout, these editions of Shakespeare's plays are created with a whole new generation in mind, one of readers and art lovers alike. 'Othello' is one of Shakespeare's most contemporary and moving plays, with its emphasis on race, revenge, murder, and lost love. Chris Ofili's new edition highlight's the tragedy of Othello's plight in ways no other previous edition of this play has. In twelve etchings Ofili has produced to illustrate this play, Othello is depicted with tears in his eyes, which flow below various scenes visualized in his forehead. Ofili asks us to see in Othello the great injustices that still plague the world today. These images add feeling to Shakespeare's words, and together they form their own hybrid object-something between a book and a visual retelling of the tragedy. With a foreword by the renowned critic Fred Moten, this edition is the first of its kind and puts Othello's blackness and interiority front and center, forcing us to confront the complex world that ultimately dooms him. The first play in the 'Seeing Shakespeare', 'Othello' is illustrated by English contemporary artist Chris Ofili. Future titles in the series include 'A Midsummer Night's Dream' illustrated by Marcel Dzama, and 'The Merchant of Venice' with images by Jordan Wolfson.
Book
The Apologetics of Evil
This book is a concise philosophical meditation on Iago and the nature of evil, through the exploration of the enduring puzzle found in Shakespeare'sOthello. What drives Iago to orchestrate Othello's downfall? Instead of treating Iago's lack of motive as the play's greatest weakness,The Apologetics of Evilshows how this absence of motive is the play's greatest strength. Richard Raatzsch determines that Iago does not seek a particular end or revenge for a discrete wrong; instead, Iago is governed by a passion for intriguing in itself. Raatzsch explains that this passion is a pathological version of ordinary human behavior and that Iago lacks the ability to acknowledge others; what matters most to him is the difference between himself and the rest of the world.
The book opens with a portrait of Iago, and considers the nature and moral significance of the evil that he represents. Raatzsch addresses the boundaries dividing normality and pathology, conceptualizing evil as a pathological form of the good or ordinary. Seen this way, evil is conceptually dependent on the ordinary, and Iago, as a form of moral monster, is a kind of nonbeing. Therefore, his actions might be understood and defended, even if they cannot be justified. In a brief epilogue, Raatzsch argues that literature's presentation of what is monstrous or virtuous can constitute an understanding of these concepts, not merely illustrate them.
eBook
I am not what I am
The paper uses keyword analysis as the empirical basis for the characterization of Shakespeare’s character Iago from Othello, the Moor of Venice. The aim of the paper is to determine how Iago’s manner of speech reflects his deceitful and manipulative nature and how it differs from the speech-styles of non-deceitful prominent characters: Othello, Cassio, Roderigo, Desdemona and Emilia. Keywords for the chosen characters are based on the corpora of character speech and the Sketch Engine tool is used to process the data. The results are then interpreted and discussed on the basis of six interconnected points of discussion: focus, adjectives, use of the expression Moor, references to the handkerchief, poisoning-the-ears technique, and pronouns, all of which confirm that Iago’s manipulative nature is indeed evident in his speech and that there is a clear difference between his speech-style and the speech-styles of other, non-deceitful, prominent characters.
Journal Article
Othello
'Othello' is one of the ten most popular titles from this series. It includes new and revised activities throughout, new photos from the widest selection of stage and film interpretations of the plays, and a larger glossary providing extra support with the language of Shakespeare.
Global-scale atmosphere monitoring by in-service aircraft - current achievements and future prospects of the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS
The European Research Infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) operates a global-scale monitoring system for atmospheric trace gases, aerosols and clouds utilising the existing global civil aircraft. This new monitoring infrastructure builds on the heritage of the former research projects MOZAIC (Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapour on Airbus In-service Aircraft) and CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container). CARIBIC continues within IAGOS and acts as an important airborne measurement reference standard within the wider IAGOS fleet. IAGOS is a major contributor to the in-situ component of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), the successor to the Global Monitoring for the Environment and Security - Atmospheric Service, and is providing data for users in science, weather services and atmospherically relevant policy. IAGOS is unique in collecting regular in-situ observations of reactive gases, greenhouse gases and aerosol concentrations in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UTLS) at high spatial resolution. It also provides routine vertical profiles of these species in the troposphere over continental sites or regions, many of which are undersampled by other networks or sampling studies, particularly in Africa, Southeast Asia and South America. In combination with MOZAIC and CARIBIC, IAGOS has provided long-term observations of atmospheric chemical composition in the UTLS since 1994. The longest time series are 20 yr of temperature, H
2
O and O
3
, and 9-15 yr of aerosols, CO, NO
y
, CO
2
, CH
4
, N
2
O, SF
6
, Hg, acetone, ~30 HFCs and ~20 non-methane hydrocarbons. Among the scientific highlights which have emerged from these data sets are observations of extreme concentrations of O
3
and CO over the Pacific basin that have never or rarely been recorded over the Atlantic region for the past 12 yr; detailed information on the temporal and regional distributions of O
3
, CO, H
2
O, NO
y
and aerosol particles in the UTLS, including the impacts of cross-tropopause transport, deep convection and lightning on the distribution of these species; characterisation of ice-supersaturated regions in the UTLS; and finally, improved understanding of the spatial distribution of upper tropospheric humidity including the finding that the UTLS is much more humid than previously assumed.
Journal Article
Depth distribution of the bigeye hound shark Iago omanensis and other deep-sea species observed by baited-camera in the Red Sea
The Red Sea is a largely homogeneous water column beyond the top 300 m, unique in exhibiting warm bottom water (~21.5 °C) at depths down to ~2900 m. The unusual conditions coupled with barriers to colonization by primary deep-sea species has resulted in an impoverished but distinct deep fauna. This study presents a rare investigation of the deep Red Sea. The bigeye hound shark Iago omanensis is a known deep-sea shark in the Red Sea. However, its full depth distribution has never been conclusively studied. Here, we confirm with videographic evidence the presence of I. omanensis at depths to 2522 m in the Red Sea, along with observations of other deep-sea species. Iago omanensis was the only species of scavenging fish observed and only in moderate numbers. The additional six species were mostly crustacea in low abundance. The lack of scavenging species present in the deep Red Sea is likely explained by the low productivity of the overlying surface waters and unusually warm water temperature resulting in low energetic input but high metabolic demands in deep communities.
Journal Article
I am not what I am
The paper uses keyword analysis as the empirical basis for the characterization of Shakespeare’s character Iago from Othello, the Moor of Venice. The aim of the paper is to determine how Iago’s manner of speech reflects his deceitful and manipulative nature and how it differs from the speech-styles of non-deceitful prominent characters: Othello, Cassio, Roderigo, Desdemona and Emilia. Keywords for the chosen characters are based on the corpora of character speech and the Sketch Engine tool is used to process the data. The results are then interpreted and discussed on the basis of six interconnected points of discussion: focus, adjectives, use of the expression Moor, references to the handkerchief, poisoning-the-ears technique, and pronouns, all of which confirm that Iago’s manipulative nature is indeed evident in his speech and that there is a clear difference between his speech-style and the speech-styles of other, non-deceitful, prominent characters.
Journal Article
Instrumentation on commercial aircraft for monitoring the atmospheric composition on a global scale: the IAGOS system, technical overview of ozone and carbon monoxide measurements
This article presents the In-service Aircraft of a Global Observing System (IAGOS) developed for operations on commercial long-range Airbus aircraft (A330/A340) for monitoring the atmospheric composition. IAGOS is the continuation of the former Measurement of OZone and water vapour on Airbus In-service airCraft (MOZAIC) programme (1994-2014) with five aircraft operated by European airlines over 20 yr. MOZAIC has provided unique scientific database used worldwide by the scientific community. In continuation of MOZAIC, IAGOS aims to equip a fleet up to 20 aircraft around the world and for operations over decades. IAGOS started in July 2011 with the first instruments installed aboard a Lufthansa A340-300, and a total of six aircraft are already in operation. We present the technical aircraft system concept, with basic instruments for O
3
, CO, water vapour and clouds; and optional instruments for measuring either NO
y
, NO
x
, aerosols or CO
2
/CH
4
. In this article, we focus on the O
3
and CO instrumentation while other measurements are or will be described in specific papers. O
3
and CO are measured by optimised but well-known methods such as UV absorption and IR correlation, respectively. We describe the data processing/validation and the data quality control for O
3
and CO. Using the first two overlapping years of MOZAIC/IAGOS, we conclude that IAGOS can be considered as the continuation of MOZAIC with the same data quality of O
3
and CO measurements.
Journal Article
Consistency of tropospheric ozone observations made by different platforms and techniques in the global databases
A large quantity of tropospheric ozone observations are conducted all over the world using different platforms and techniques for different purposes and goals. These observations are commonly used to derive seasonal cycles, interannual variations and long-term trends of ozone in the troposphere. In addition, they are used for comparison with three-dimensional chemistry-transport models to evaluate their performance and hence to test our current understanding of the tropospheric ozone variability. It is still challenging to provide robust tropospheric ozone trends throughout the world because of the great variability of ozone, its complex photochemical reactions, the rarity of long-term records, the diversity of measurement techniques and platforms, and the issues with data quality. In this work, we evaluated, with emphasis on the lower troposphere, the consistency of tropospheric ozone observations made by means of multiple platforms, including surface sites, sondes and regular aircraft, that are publicly available in the global databases, but excluding space-borne platforms. Concomitant observations were examined on an hourly basis (except for ±3 hours for sonde versus aircraft) for pairs of locations at less than 100-km distance. Generally, we found good agreement between sonde and surface observations. We also found that there was no need to apply any correction factor to ozonesonde observations except for Brewer-Mast sondes at Hohenpeissenberg. Because of a larger distance between the site pairs, the correlations found between the aircraft and surface measurements were poorer than those between sonde and surface measurements. However, a relatively simple wind segregation improved the agreement between the aircraft versus surface measurements. We found also that due to diurnal cycles, the sonde launching at a fixed local time led to positive or negative biases against the surface observations, suggesting that great attention should be paid to local time and diurnal variations when using ozonesonde in the analysis of seasonal cycles, long-term trends and interannual variations of lower tropospheric ozone. The comparison of surface data at Mt. Happo to regular aircraft data over Tokyo/Narita showed a relatively reasonable agreement, ensuring regionally representative ozone data sets in this region for trend analysis.
Journal Article