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The Everlasting Empire
Established in 221 BCE, the Chinese empire lasted for 2,132 years before being replaced by the Republic of China in 1912. During its two millennia, the empire endured internal wars, foreign incursions, alien occupations, and devastating rebellions--yet fundamental institutional, sociopolitical, and cultural features of the empire remained intact.The Everlasting Empiretraces the roots of the Chinese empire's exceptional longevity and unparalleled political durability, and shows how lessons from the imperial past are relevant for China today.
Yuri Pines demonstrates that the empire survived and adjusted to a variety of domestic and external challenges through a peculiar combination of rigid ideological premises and their flexible implementation. The empire's major political actors and neighbors shared its fundamental ideological principles, such as unity under a single monarch--hence, even the empire's strongest domestic and foreign foes adopted the system of imperial rule. Yet details of this rule were constantly negotiated and adjusted. Pines shows how deep tensions between political actors including the emperor, the literati, local elites, and rebellious commoners actually enabled the empire's basic institutional framework to remain critically vital and adaptable to ever-changing sociopolitical circumstances. As contemporary China moves toward a new period of prosperity and power in the twenty-first century, Pines argues that the legacy of the empire may become an increasingly important force in shaping the nation's future trajectory.
eBook
A Conceptual History \u2028of Chinese -Isms
In A Conceptual History of Chinese -Isms, Ivo Spira explores the emergence of Chinese -isms and the key concept zhǔyì (\"ism\") in the years 1895-1925, covering linguistic, conceptual, and rhetorical aspects of their use in ideological reasoning.
eBook
Ideology of power and power of ideology in early China
\"Ideology of Power and Power of Ideology in Early China explores ancient Chinese political thought during the centuries surrounding the formation of the empire in 221 BCE. The individual chapters examine the ideology and practices of legitimation, views of rulership, conceptualizations of ruler-minister relations, economic thought, and the bureaucratic administration of commoners. The contributors analyze the formation of power relations from various angles, ranging from artistic expression to religious ideas, political rhetoric, and administrative action. They demonstrate the interrelatedness of historiography and political ideology and show how the same text served both to strengthen the ruler's authority and moderate his excesses. Together, the chapters highlight the immense complexity of ancient Chinese political thought, and the deep tensions running within it. Contributors include Scott Cook, Joachim Gentz, Paul R. Goldin, Romain Graziani, Martin Kern, Liu Zehua, Luo Xinhui, Yuri Pines, Roel Sterckx, and Charles Sanft\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
The Red Guard generation and political activism in China
Raised to be \"flowers of the nation,\" the first generation born after the founding of the People's Republic of China was united in its political outlook and ambitions. Its members embraced the Cultural Revolution of 1966 but soon split into warring factions. Guobin Yang investigates the causes of this fracture and argues that Chinese youth engaged in an imaginary revolution from 1966 to 1968, enacting a political mythology that encouraged violence as a way to prove one's revolutionary credentials. This same competitive dynamic would later turn the Red Guard against the communist government.
Throughout the 1970s, the majority of Red Guard youth were sent to work in rural villages. These relocated revolutionaries developed an appreciation for the values of ordinary life, and an underground cultural movement was born. Rejecting idolatry, their new form of resistance marked a distinct reversal of Red Guard radicalism and signaled a new era of enlightenment, culminating in the Democracy Wall movement of the late 1970s and, finally, the Tiananmen protest of 1989. Yang completes his significant recasting of Red Guard activism with a chapter on the politics of history and memory, arguing that contemporary memories of the Cultural Revolution are factionalized along the lines of political division that formed fifty years before.
eBook
Shadow Cold War : the Sino-Soviet split and the Third World
\"Jeremy Friedman's SHADOW COLD WAR examines the battle for political and ideological influence in the newly emerging states of Asia, Africa, and Latin America between China and the Soviet Union from 1956 to 1976. Though both nations espoused Marxism/Leninism, Friedman argues that the Russian and Chinese revolutions were actually the products of two different agendas: anti-capitalism and anti-imperialism, respectively. Those ideological differences fostered different domestic and international policies, a harbinger of the political fissure to come\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
The Emergence of Global Maoism
The Emergence of Global Maoism
examines the spread of Mao Zedong's writings, ideology, and
institutions when they traveled outside of China. Matthew
Galway links Chinese Communist Party efforts to globalize Maoism to
the dialectical engagement of exported Maoism by Cambodian Maoist
intellectuals.
How do ideas manifest outside of their place of origin? Galway
analyzes how universal ideological systems became localized, both
in Mao's indigenization of Marxism-Leninism and in the Communist
Party of Kampuchea's indigenization of Maoism into its own
revolutionary ideology. By examining the intellectual journeys of
CPK leaders who, during their studies in Paris in the 1950s, became
progressive activist-intellectuals and full-fledged Communists, he
shows that they responded to political and socioeconomic crises by
speaking back to Maoism-adapting it through practice, without
abandoning its universality. Among Mao's greatest achievements, the
Sinification of Marxism enabled the CCP to canonize Mao's thought
and export it to a progressive audience of international
intellectuals. These intellectuals would come to embrace the
ideology as they set a course for social change.
The Emergence of Global Maoism illuminates the process
through which China moved its goal from class revolution to a
larger anticolonial project that sought to cast out European and
American imperialism from Asia.
eBook
The Teahouse under Socialism
To understand a city fully, writes Di Wang, we must observe its most basic units of social life. InThe Teahouse under Socialism, Wang does just that, arguing that the teahouses of Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, are some of the most important public spaces-perfect sites for examining the social and economic activities of everyday Chinese.
Wang looks at the transformation of these teahouses from private businesses to collective ownership and how state policy and the proprietors' response to it changed the overall economic and social structure of the city. He uses this transformation to illuminate broader trends in China's urban public life from 1950 through the end of the Cultural Revolution and into the post-Mao reform era. In doing so,The Teahouse under Socialismcharts the fluctuations in fortune of this ancient cultural institution and analyzes how it survived, and even thrived, under bleak conditions.
Throughout, Wang asks such questions as: Why and how did state power intervene in the operation of small businesses? How was \"socialist entertainment\" established in a local society? How did the well-known waves of political contestation and struggle in China change Chengdu's teahouses and public life? In the end, Wang argues, the answers to such questions enhance our understanding of public life and political culture in the Communist state.
eBook
Contagious Capitalism
One of the core assumptions of recent American foreign policy is that China's post-1978 policy of \"reform and openness\" will lead to political liberalization. This book challenges that assumption and the general relationship between economic liberalization and democratization. Moreover, it analyzes the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) liberalization on Chinese labor politics.
eBook