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Background The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), introduced in 2009, has the potential to provide a comprehensive understanding of the determinants of implementation-effectiveness of health service innovations. Although the CFIR has been increasingly used in recent years to examine factors influencing telehealth implementation, no comprehensive reviews currently exist on the scope of knowledge gained exclusively from applications of the CFIR to telehealth implementation initiatives . This review sought to address this gap. Methods PRISMA-ScR criteria were used to inform a scoping review of the literature. Five academic databases (PUBMED, PROQUEST, SCIDIRECT, CINAHL, and WoS) were searched for eligible sources of evidence from 01.01.2010 through 12.31.2021. The initial search yielded a total of 18,388 records, of which, 64 peer-reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria for the review. Included articles were reviewed in full to extract data, and data collected were synthesized to address the review questions. Results Most included articles were published during or after 2020 (64%), and a majority (77%) were qualitative or mixed-method studies seeking to understand barriers or facilitators to telehealth implementation using the CFIR. There were few comparative- or implementation-effectiveness studies containing outcome measures (5%). The database search however, revealed a growing number of protocols for implementation-effectiveness studies published since 2020. Most articles (91%) reported the CFIR Inner Setting domain (e.g., leadership engagement) to have a predominant influence over telehealth implementation success. By comparison, few articles (14%) reported the CFIR Outer Setting domain (e.g., telehealth policies) to have notable influence. While more (63%) telehealth initiatives were focused on specialty (vs primary) care, a vast majority (78%) were focused on clinical practice over medical education, healthcare administration, or population health. Conclusions Organized provider groups have historically paid considerable attention to advocating for telehealth policy (Outer Setting) reform. However, results suggest that for effective telehealth implementation, provider groups need to refocus their efforts on educating individual providers on the complex inter-relationships between Inner Setting constructs and telehealth implementation-effectiveness. On a separate note, the growth in implementation-effectiveness study protocols since 2020, suggests that additional outcome measures may soon be available, to provide a more nuanced understanding of the determinants of effective telehealth implementation based on the CFIR domains and constructs.

Purpose A spurt in the usage of additive manufacturing (AM) is observed in industrial applications to produce final parts along with rapid prototyping and rapid tooling. Despite the potential benefits of on-demand and on-location production of customised or complex shape parts, widespread implementation of this disruptive production technology is not yet visible. The purpose of this paper is to examine the various barriers to implement AM in the Indian automotive sector and analyse interrelations among them. Design/methodology/approach Based on the extant literature and discussions with industry experts, ten major barriers are identified. The authors use a modified Fuzzy interpretive structural modelling (Fuzzy-ISM) method to derive strengths of relationships among these barriers, develop hierarchical levels, and thereafter group and rank these barriers. Findings ISM diagraph is developed to demonstrate how the barriers drive one another. Production technology capabilities and government support emerge as the most critical factors, with high driving power and medium dependence. Research limitations/implications While identified barriers may be similar across the automotive industry, generalisation of results for interrelationships and ranks in other industries may be limited. Practical implications The findings may be useful to managers to develop suitable mitigation strategies, and take more informed decisions, with individual focus, level focus or cluster focus. Social implications Findings clearly establish that the role of management and government is crucial in mitigating workers’ resistance to AM implementation. Originality/value This paper contributes to AM literature by the structured presentation of the barriers to implement AM in the Indian automotive sector. It also extends the Fuzzy-ISM method by presenting calculation of indirect relations using the appropriate max-product composition and in ranking the barriers.

Purpose Lean six sigma (LSS) has attained a prominent position in mature organizations but small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are struggling in the proper implementation of LSS in their core business. This study aims to make a comprehensive analysis of LSS implementation barriers in SMEs so that LSS execution can be much fluent in SMEs. Design/methodology/approach This research work is carried out based on investigation of LSS barriers through extensive literature review. For validating the identified barriers, a questionnaire survey was conducted, and out of 400 samples, 260 responses received back. The collected responses are analyzed statistically and found 16 significant barriers. The finalized barriers are modeled using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and clustered them through matrice d’impacts croisés-multiplication appliquée a un classement (MICMAC) analysis. Furthermore, to check the consistency of results, ISM-MICMAC outcomes are validated through structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings The result reveals that 16 LSS implementation barriers are finalized through expert’s opinion and validated through statistical reliability test with Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.820. The ISM model reveals that the management relevant barriers are exhibiting the leading role to influence the implementation of LSS in SMEs. Moreover, the obtained results validated through SEM are found in good agreement. Research limitations/implications During pairwise comparisons, there may be some prejudice and subjectivity as human judgments are engaged. Practical implications This study provides impetus to practitioners and consultant for the initiation of LSS in the business organization through tackling the LSS barriers as per their driving and dependence power. Originality/value In the past, limited studies had explored the LSS barriers, but a few studies analyzed the mutual relationship between barriers. No such study is reported in literature that validates the mutual interaction model of LSS barriers. Hence, this paper presents the original research work of identification and modeling of barriers associated with LSS implementation in SMEs through hybrid ISM-SEM approach.

Background Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) addresses the bio-psycho-social needs of older adults through multidimensional assessments and management. Synthesising evidence on quantitative health outcomes and implementation barriers and facilitators would inform practice and policy on CGA for community-dwelling older adults. Methods We systematically searched four medical and social sciences electronic databases for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies published from 1 January 2000 to 31 October 2020. Due to heterogeneity of articles, we narratively reviewed the synthesis of evidence on health outcomes and implementation barriers and facilitators. Results We screened 14,151 titles and abstracts and 203 full text articles, and included 43 selected articles. Study designs included controlled intervention studies ( n  = 31), pre-post studies without controls ( n  = 4), case-control ( n  = 1), qualitative methods ( n  = 3), and mixed methods ( n  = 4). A majority of articles studied populations aged ≥75 years ( n  = 18, 42%). CGAs were most frequently conducted in the home ( n  = 25, 58%) and primary care settings ( n  = 8, 19%). CGAs were conducted by nurses in most studies ( n  = 22, 51%). There was evidence of improved functional status (5 of 19 RCTs, 2 of 3 pre-post), frailty and fall outcomes (3 of 6 RCTs, 1 of 1 pre-post), mental health outcomes (3 of 6 RCTs, 2 of 2 pre-post), self-rated health (1 of 6 RCTs, 1 of 1 pre-post), and quality of life (4 of 17 RCTs, 3 of 3 pre-post). Barriers to implementation of CGAs involved a lack of partnership alignment and feedback, poor acceptance of preventive work, and challenges faced by providers in operationalising and optimising CGAs. The perceived benefits of CGA that served to facilitate its implementation included the use of highly skilled staff to provide holistic assessments and patient education, and the resultant improvements in care coordination and convenience to the patients, particularly where home-based assessments and management were performed. Conclusion There is mixed evidence on the quantitative health outcomes of CGA on community-dwelling older adults. While there is perceived positive value from CGA when carried out by highly skilled staff, barriers such as bringing providers into a partnership, greater acceptance of preventive care, and operational issues could impede its implementation.

This study aims to evaluate the current level of servitisation in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) markets in the fashion sector and identify various internal and external obstacles that may hinder fashion organisations in the GCC region from fully adopting the servitisation strategy. An exploratory methodology was employed, using a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews on a purposive sample. The study reveals that the implementation of the servitisation strategy in GCC is in its initial stages. While evidence of the dimensions underlying such a strategy was found, they were not employed and linked as suggested in the literature to generate the required results. Additionally, non-transparent and limited relationships with partners and unskilled employees were identified as the main barriers preventing fashion agents from fully embracing servitisation in the GCC fashion sector. This study uniquely explores servitisation in the GCC fashion sector, filling a significant gap in existing research that has largely overlooked this region and industry. Unlike previous works that broadly address servitisation in manufacturing, this paper delves into the specific challenges and adoption levels within the GCC’s culturally and economically distinct context. By offering nuanced insights from senior managers in leading fashion organisations, it provides valuable empirical evidence and practical implications for both academia and industry, marking a notable contribution to the literature on servitisation strategies in emerging markets.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the applications of 3D printing in space sectors. The authors have highlighted the potential research gap that can be explored in the current field of study. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an additive manufacturing technique that uses metallic powder, ceramic or polymers to build simple/complex parts. The parts produced possess good strength, low weight and excellent mechanical properties and are cost-effective. Therefore, efforts have been made to make the adoption of 3D printing successful in space so that complex parts can be manufactured in space. This saves a considerable amount of both time and carrying cost. Thereof the challenges and opportunities that the space sector holds for additive manufacturing is worth reviewing to provide a better insight into further developments and prospects for this technology. Design/methodology/approach The potentiality of 3D printing for the manufacturing of various components under space conditions has been explained. Here, the authors have reviewed the details of manufactured parts used for zero-gravity missions, subjected to onboard international space station conditions and with those manufactured on earth. Followed by the major opportunities in 3D printing in space which include component repair, material characterization, process improvement and process development along with the new designs. The challenges like space conditions, availability of power in space, the infrastructure requirements and the quality control or testing of the items that are being built in space are explained along with their possible mitigation strategies. Findings These components are well comparable with those prepared on earth which enables a massive cost saving. Other than the onboard manufacturing process, numerous other components as well as a complete robot/satellite for outer space applications were manufactured by additive manufacturing. Moreover, these components can be recycled onboard to produce feedstock for the next materials. The parts produced in space are bought back and compared with those built on earth. There is a difference in their nature, i.e. the flight specimen showed a brittle nature, and the ground specimen showed a denser nature. Originality/value This review discusses the advancements of 3D printing in space and provides numerous examples of the applications of 3D printing in space and space applications. This paper is solely dedicated to 3D printing in space. It provides a breakthrough in the literature as a limited amount of literature is available on this topic. This paper aims at highlighting all the challenges that additive manufacturing faces in the space sector and also the future opportunities that await development.

To track industry 4.0 status, readiness models are used to analyze the state of industry 4.0 technologies’ implementation, allowing the quantification and qualification of its readiness level considering different dimensions. Not all companies are adopting these new technologies with the same ease and with the same pace. There are companies unable to blend the industry 4.0 with their business models, leading to a lack of a correct self-assessment on understanding the reached readiness level. Into this purpose, it is important to understand how companies are facing the digital transformation challenges, what is their perception about the enabling technologies towards the industry 4.0, assess the industry 4.0’ readiness so far, and what are their perception of the barriers to the adoption of these technologies. This paper aims to assess the industry 4.0’ readiness level of companies and discuss the perception of companies about the barriers on the adoption of industry 4.0 with the reached readiness level of companies. New barriers are also brought for discussion on academic community. To this end, empirical data was collected on a sample of 15 companies belonging to an important industrial cluster located in Portugal.

PurposeThe aim of the article is to define the way of understanding of agile in enterprises, to verify the factors limiting agility implementation, as well as to understand what the expectations of enterprise management towards agile implementation are.Design/methodology/approachThe article uses both literature studies and empirical research. The research was conducted in 2019 in 152 companies located in Luxemburg, Croatia and Poland, which have implemented an agile approach to management.FindingsIn most of the surveyed organisations, agile is understood as a methodology for creating projects or applications. The most common barriers to implementing agile in the surveyed enterprises are culture too deeply rooted in traditional methodologies and the lack of funds to introduce transformations. Growth in productivity and competitiveness and reducing delivery time stand out among the most common expectations of the management of the surveyed enterprises.Originality/valueThe article is in line with the idea of analysing the key factors of a successful agile implementation, which can be a guideline for an enterprise to manage the adoption of agility. The article utilises original research tools, provides comparisons between countries and presents implications for practitioners and researchers.

Few efforts have been conducted to compare the opinions of academics and practitioners regarding the Building Information Modelling (BIM) perceptions. This research was conducted to fill this gap and to explore the different understanding of BIM implementation between academics and practitioners in terms of BIM critical barriers, and strategic solutions in Algeria. The research approach is based on literature review and empirical analysis of academics and practitioners’ perception. This research utilized a questionnaire survey, which was followed by statistical analysis. The entire survey sample was categorized into subgroups based on respondents’ profile type, graduation, work type, and CAD and BIM knowledge. A subgroup analysis using a statistical approach was conducted to examine the differences in individual perceptions among the various groups mentioned. The subgroup analysis revealed that there was a gap in the BIM awareness between the academics and the practitioners. It was inferred that the top BIM implementation barriers were within people and policy factors. The ranking of BIM strategic solutions revealed that the implementation of BIM in Algeria is only possible through the involvement of local authorities, and the engagement of the academic sector in professional training. Scholarly, this research will contribute to the body of knowledge in BIM implementation by extending BIM adoption research, previously limited to practitioners, by proposing multiple factors. Practically, it illustrates the gap between academics and practitioners’ perception in BIM implementation, and provides suggestions for Construction Industry-Academics-Partnership as an influential key for promoting the BIM adoption in Algeria.

The purpose of this study is to identify grey transaction behaviours that function as barriers to blockchain implementation in supply chain finance, explore which obstructions arise from these grey transaction behaviours and subsequently hinder blockchain implementation, and further measure the influence levels of the corresponding implementation barriers. The Delphi method and DANP are the main analysis methods used in this study. According to the analysis, three grey transaction behaviours that function as implementation barriers are identified, namely, kickbacks, internal and external accounting, and informal transaction relationships with banks. In addition, seven obstructions arise from these three barriers, and these obstructions can be adopted to explain why the three barriers hinder blockchain implementation. Finally, although internal and external accounting represents the main barrier, informal transaction relationships with banks may function as a critical underlying barrier that enhances the other two barriers. This study contributes in that it fills the gap of existing studies related to the intersection of supply chain finance and blockchain and provides a new perspective enabling practitioners to rethink how blockchain can be successfully implemented in the context of supply chain finance.