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"Indians, Treatment of"
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Mercury, Mining, and Empire
On the basis of an examination of the colonial mercury and silver production processes and related labor systems, Mercury, Mining, and Empire explores the effects of mercury pollution in colonial Huancavelica, Peru, and Potosí, in present-day Bolivia. The book presents a multifaceted and interwoven tale of what colonial exploitation of indigenous peoples and resources left in its wake. It is a socio-ecological history that explores the toxic interrelationships between mercury and silver production, urban environments, and the people who lived and worked in them. Nicholas A. Robins tells the story of how native peoples in the region were conscripted into the noxious ranks of foot soldiers of proto-globalism, and how their fate, and that of their communities, was-and still is-chained to it.
eBook
Contact strategies : histories of native autonomy in Brazil
\"Contact Strategies excavates the histories of independent Indians in the vast interior of Brazil, and sheds light on native peoples' many confrontations, negotiations, and tactical decisions to initiate contact with Brazilian society and continue to claim vast territories, centuries after the arrival of Europeans\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
This Incurable Evil
Documents how initial Mapuche-Spanish alliances were
built and how they were destroyed by increasingly powerful
slave-trading elites operating like organized crime
families The history of Spanish presence in the Americas
is usually viewed as a one-sided conquest. In
This Incurable Evil: Mapuche Resistance to Spanish
Enslavement, 1598–1687 , Eugene C. Berger provides a
major corrective in the case of Chile. For example, in the south,
indigenous populations were persistent in their resistance
against Spanish settlement. By the end of the sixteenth century,
Spanish aspirations to conquer the entire Pacific Coast were
dashed at least twice by armed resistance from the Mapuche
peoples. By 1600, the Mapuche had killed two Spanish governors
and occupied more than a dozen Spanish towns. Chile’s
colonial future was quite uncertain. As Berger documents, for
much of the seventeenth century it seemed that there could be
peace along the Spanish-Mapuche frontier. Through trade,
intermarriage, and even mutual distrust of Dutch and English
pirates, the Mapuche and the Spanish began to construct a
colonial entente. However, this growing alliance was obliterated
by the “incurable evil,” an ever-expanding
enslavement of Mapuches, and one which prompted a new generation
of Mapuche resistance. This trade saw Mapuche rivals, neutrals,
and even friends placed in irons and forced to board ships in
Valdivia and Concepción or to march northward along the
Andes. The Mapuche labored in the gold mines of La Serena, in
urban workshops in Lima, in the silver mines of Potosí, or
on the thousands of haciendas in between and would never return
to their homes. With this tragic betrayal, Chile was left a more
corrupt, violent, and polarized place, which would cause deep
wounds for centuries.
eBook
Thundersticks : firearms and the violent transformation of native America
The adoption of firearms by Native Americans between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries marked a turning point in the history of North America's indigenous peoples--a cultural earthquake so profound, says David Silverman, that its impact has yet to be adequately measured. Thundersticks reframes our understanding of Native Americans' historical relationship with guns, arguing against the notion that Indians prized these weapons more for the pyrotechnic terror they inspired than their efficiency as tools of war. Native Americans fully recognized the potential of firearms to assist them in their struggles against colonial forces, and mostly against one another. The smoothbore, flintlock musket was Indians' stock firearm, and its destructive potential transformed their lives. For the deer hunters east of the Mississippi, the gun evolved into an essential hunting tool. Most importantly, well-armed tribes were able to capture and enslave their neighbors, plunder wealth, and conquer territory. Arms races erupted across North America, intensifying intertribal rivalries and solidifying the importance of firearms in Indian politics and culture. Though Native Americans grew dependent on guns manufactured in Europe and the United States, their dependence never prevented them from rising up against Euro-American power. Tribes such as the Seminoles, Blackfeet, and Lakotas remained formidably armed right up to the time of their subjugation. Far from being a Trojan horse for colonialism, firearms empowered Native Americans to pursue their interests and defend their political and economic autonomy over two centuries.-- Provided by publisher
Book
Saints and citizens
Saints and Citizens is a bold new excavation of the history of Indigenous people in California in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, showing how the missions became sites of their authority, memory, and identity. Shining a forensic eye on colonial encounters in Chumash, Luiseño, and Yokuts territories, Lisbeth Haas depicts how native painters incorporated their cultural iconography in mission painting and how leaders harnessed new knowledge for control in other ways. Through her portrayal of highly varied societies, she explores the politics of Indigenous citizenship in the independent Mexican nation through events such as the Chumash War of 1824, native emancipation after 1826, and the political pursuit of Indigenous rights and land through 1848.
eBook
Negotiation within Domination
Although indigenous communities reacted to Spanish presence with significant acts of resistance and rebellion, they also turned to negotiation to deal with conflicts and ameliorate the consequences of colonial rule. This affected not only the development of legal systems in New Spain and Mexico but also the survival and continuation of traditional cultures. Bringing together work by Mexican and North American historians, this collection is a crucially important and rare contribution to the field. Negotiation within Domination is a valuable resource for native peoples as they seek to redefine and revitalize their identities and assert their rights relating to language and religion, ownership of lands and natural resources, rights of self-determination and self-government, and protection of cultural and intellectual property. It will be of interest primarily to specialists in the field of colonial studies and historians and ethnohistorians of New Spain.
eBook
Converting California
This book is a compelling and balanced history of the California missions and their impact on the Indians they tried to convert. Focusing primarily on the religious conflict between the two groups, it sheds new light on the tensions, accomplishments, and limitations of the California mission experience.
James A. Sandos, an eminent authority on the American West, traces the history of the Franciscan missions from the creation of the first one in 1769 until they were turned over to the public in 1836. Addressing such topics as the singular theology of the missions, the role of music in bonding Indians to Franciscan enterprises, the diseases caused by contact with the missions, and the Indian resistance to missionary activity, Sandos not only describes what happened in the California missions but offers a persuasive explanation for why it happened.
eBook