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"Indians of North America History 18th century."
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Native tongues : colonialism and race from encounter to the reservation
\"Native Tongues explores the morally entangled territory of language and race as it relates the intellectual history of encounters between whites and Native Americans in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Misunderstandings about the differences between European and indigenous American languages strongly influenced whites' beliefs about the descent and capabilities of Native Americans. These beliefs would play an important role in the subjugation of Native peoples as the United States pursued its 'manifest destiny' of westward expansion\"--Provided by publisher.
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Modernity and Its Other
InModernity and Its OtherRobert Woods Sayre examines eighteenth-century North America through discussion of texts drawn from the period. He focuses on this unique historical moment when early capitalist civilization (modernity) in colonial societies, especially the British, interacted closely with Indigenous communities (the \"Other\") before the balance of power shifted definitively toward the colonizers.Sayre considers a variety of French perspectives as a counterpoint to the Anglo-American lens, including J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur and Philip Freneau, as well as both Anglo-American and French or French Canadian travelers in \"Indian territory,\" including William Bartram, Jonathan Carver, John Lawson, Alexander Mackenzie, Baron de Lahontan, Pierre Charlevoix, and Jean-Baptiste Trudeau.Modernity and Its Otheris an important addition to any North American historian's bookshelf, for it brings together the social history of the European colonies and the ethnohistory of the American Indian peoples who interacted with the colonizers.
eBook
Essays on Northeastern North America, 17th & 18th Centuries
In examining the history of northeastern North America in the seventeenth and eighteen centuries, it is important to take into account diverse influences and experiences. Not only was the relationship between native inhabitants and colonial settlers a defining characteristic of Acadia/Nova Scotia and New England in this era, but it was also a relationship shaped by wider continental and oceanic connections.
The essays in this volume deal with topics such as colonial habitation, imperial exchange, and aboriginal engagement, all of which were pervasive phenomena of the time. John G. Reid argues that these were complicated processes that interacted freely with one another, shaping the human experience at different times and places. Northeastern North America was an arena of distinctive complexities in the early modern period, and this collection uses it as an example of a manageable and logical basis for historical study. Reid also explores the significance of anniversary observances and commemorations that have served as vehicles of reflection on the lasting implications of historical developments in the early modern period. These and other insights amount to a fresh perspective on the region and offer a deeper understanding of North American history.
eBook
A Strange Likeness
The relationship between American Indians and Europeans on America's frontiers is typically characterized as one of profound cultural difference. This book contains six chapters titled “Land,” “Kings,” “Writing,” “Alliances,” “Gender,” and “Race,” showing that Indians and Europeans held common beliefs about their most fundamental realities. They used history and memory to conceive of land as national territory, constructed governments, kept records of important events, formed international alliances, made gender an important social category, and read meaning into the arms, legs, heart, and mind that made up the human body. Before they even met, Europeans and Indians shared perceptions of a landscape marked by mountains and rivers, a physical world in which the sun rose and set every day, and a human body with a distinct shape. They also shared in their ability to make sense of it all and to invent new, abstract ideas based on the tangible and visible experiences of daily life. Focusing on eastern North American up through the end of the Seven Years War, incidents, letters, and recorded speeches from the Iroquois and Creek Confederacies, the Cherokee Nation, and other Native groups alongside British and French sources are analyzed, paying particular attention to the language used in cross-cultural encounters. Paradoxically, the more American Indians and Europeans came to know each other, the more they came to see each other as different. By the end of the 18th century, it is argued that they abandoned an initial willingness to recognize in each other a common humanity and instead developed new ideas and identities rooted in the conviction that, by custom and perhaps by nature, Native Americans and Europeans were peoples fundamentally at odds.
eBook
Zamumo's Gifts
In 1540, Zamumo, the chief of the Altamahas in central Georgia, exchanged gifts with the Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto. With these gifts began two centuries of exchanges that bound American Indians and the Spanish, English, and French who colonized the region. Whether they gave gifts for diplomacy or traded commodities for profit, Natives and newcomers alike used the exchange of goods such as cloth, deerskin, muskets, and sometimes people as a way of securing their influence. Gifts and trade enabled early colonies to survive and later colonies to prosper. Conversely, they upset the social balance of chiefdoms like Zamumo's and promoted the rise of new and powerful Indian confederacies like the Creeks and the Choctaws.Drawing on archaeological studies, colonial documents from three empires, and Native oral histories, Joseph M. Hall, Jr., offers fresh insights into broad segments of southeastern colonial history, including the success of Florida's Franciscan missionaries before 1640 and the impact of the Indian slave trade on French Louisiana after 1699. He also shows how gifts and trade shaped the Yamasee War, which pitted a number of southeastern tribes against English South Carolina in 1715-17. The exchanges at the heart of Zamumo's Gifts highlight how the history of Europeans and Native Americans cannot be understood without each other.
eBook