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The water footprint of modern consumer society
\"Using the water footprint concept, this impactful book aids our understanding of how we can reduce water consumption and pollution to sustainable levels. The Water Footprint of Modern Consumer Society is a key textbook for students of interdisciplinary water studies and those taking other related courses within the environmental sciences. It will also be of interest to those working in the governmental sector, environmental and consumer organisations, the business sector and UN institutions, where there is growing interest in the water footprint concept\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Combining industrial and urban water-reuse concepts for increasing the water resources in water-scarce regions
Water scarcity is a huge challenge for industrial and urban developments. As such developments are based on a secure water supply, strategies to ensure the required water quantities must be put into effect. In this context, sustainability is becoming an increasingly important factor due to the worsening of pollution and climate change. The integrated industrial–urban water-reuse concept (IU-WA-RE) links gray and green infrastructures by providing reuse water for different infrastructural purposes. Municipal and industrial wastewater is treated separately in different water resource recovery facilities. As a baseline the SEMIZENTRAL approach with the Resource and Recovery Center (RRC) and the Industrial Wastewater Management Concept with a focus on Reuse (IW²MC→R) for the industrial wastewater treatment are taken into account. These approaches are new concepts for wastewater treatment “fit for purpose.” IU-WA-RE combines the water-reuse concepts by linking reuse water flows between the urban area and the adjacent industrial park, but focuses not on a production internal water reuse. The concept is designed to offer a holistic strategy to increase the water-reuse potential and thus the water resources. It offers a solution to cover the lack of water requirements in urban areas. It is therefore possible to drive sustainable urban developments.
• Practitioner points
• The water-reuse potential increases enormously by combining industrial and municipal wastewater flows.
• Industrial wastewater should be treated “fit for purpose” and applied in the urban area since the municipal wastewater is not sufficient to cover its own water requirements for infrastructural purposes.
• Water-reuse for infrastructural purposes increases water resources.
• The application of reuse water drives sustainable urban developments.
Journal Article
Bacterial community and filamentous population of industrial wastewater treatment plants in Belgium
The discharge of industrial water requires the removal of its pollutants, where biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are the most used systems. Biological WWTPs make use of activated sludge (AS), where bacteria are responsible for the removal of pollutants. However, our knowledge of the microbial communities of industrial plants is limited. Understanding the microbial population is essential to provide solutions to industrial problems such as bulking. The aim of this study was to identify at a high taxonomic resolution the bacterial population of 29 industrial WWTPs using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our results revealed that the main functional groups were dominated by
Thauera
and
Zoogloea
within denitrifiers,
Dechloromonas
in phosphate-accumulating organisms, and
Defluviicoccus
in glycogen-accumulating organisms. The activated sludge characterization indicated that 59% of the industrial plants suffered from bulking sludge, with DSVI values of up to 448 mL g
−1
. From the bulking cases, 72% corresponded to filamentous bulking with
Thiothrix
as the most abundant filament; meanwhile, the other 28% corresponded to viscous bulking sludge in which
Zoogloea
was the most abundant genus. Furthermore, the bacterial population did not share a core of taxa across all industrial plants. However, 20 genera were present in at least 50% of the plants comprising the general core, including
Thauera
,
Ca. Competibacter
, and several undescribed microorganisms. Moreover, statistical analysis revealed that wastewater salinity strongly affected the microbial richness of the industrial plants. The bacterial population across industrial plants differed considerably from each other, resulting in unique microbial communities that are attributed to the specificity of their wastewaters.
Key points
• The general core taxa of industrial plants were mostly made up of undescribed bacterial genera.
• Filamentous bacteria constituted on average 4.1% read abundance of the industrial WWTPs.
• Viscous bulking remains a significant type of bulking within industrial WWTPs.
Journal Article
Industrial water consumption efficiency and driving factors based on the super-efficient SBM and Tobit approach
Water scarcity in arid regions is a significant factor constraining industrial development globally. Xinjiang, which has a huge potential for economic development, is constrained for its local industry development owing to the scarcity of water resources. Enhancing the efficiency of industrial water consumption is thus crucial to alleviate the conflict between water resource constrain and economic development. This study investigated the industrial water consumption efficiency in the economic zone of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains (EZNSTM) of Xinjiang from 2001 to 2020. The super-efficient SBM and Tobit model were used to identify the key drivers of regional industrial water consumption efficiency. Factors including economic development, government influence, industrial structure, and urbanization levels were found to affect the overall industrial water consumption efficiency. On the contrary, being open to the outside world and natural resource endowment did not significantly impact the water consumption efficiency. This paper identified the disparities in industrial water use and consumption efficiency across different regions of the EZNSTM and elucidated the primary factors influencing industrial water consumption efficiency in the area, which provided a critical foundation for coordinating future economic development and water resource utilization.
Journal Article
Solar hydrogen generation : transition metal oxides in water photoelectrolysis
\"Expert techniques for extracting hydrogen from water using transition metal oxides as catalysts Solar Hydrogen Generation details the complex process of separating hydrogen from oxygen--photoelectrolysis. This book comprehensively covers the chemical characteristics of transition metal oxides, explaining how to covert solar energy to electron energy through transition metal oxides. Past experimentations and future directions are discussed. Solar Hydrogen Generation Comprehensively reviews physical characteristics of transition metal oxides both in electrochemical and photocatalytic applications Includes history and future prospects for water photoelectrolysis Reviews state-of-the-art achievements in the fields of condensed matter physics, nanostructured material science, electrochemistry, and photocatalysis Addresses potential problems and solutions In-depth coverage: Hydrogen Production; Electrochemistry and Photoelectrolysis; Transition Metal Oxides; Molecular Structure, Crystal Structure, and Electronic Structure; Optical Properties and Light Absorption; Bandgap, Band Edge, and Engineering; Impurity, Dopants, and Defects; Photocatalytic Reactions, Oxidation and Reduction; Organic and Inorganic Systems; Surface and Interface Chemistry; Nanostructured and Morphology; Synchrotron Radiation and Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Industrial water conservation by water footprint and sustainable development goals: a review
Application of advanced techniques to ensure the environment sustainability and freshwater ecosystem conservation is a paramount importance. Industrial sector is mostly accused for the increased water pressure with high water consumption rates and increased grey water footprints. Industries must take action toward implementing water conservation strategies to enhance natural water cycle, increase water-use efficiency and address future challenges. The significance of water footprint as a driving force to water conservation is spotlighted with severe water scarcity. “Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)” proposed by the United Nations are focused on creating a sustainable way of life to reduce the impacts on ecology and achieve economic and social benefits. Water is a central part in sustainable development; thus, all SDGs are interlinked with sustainable water use. The paper reviews incorporating the concept of water footprint to achieve SDGs in relation to industrial water conservation and the future pathways that lead to sustainable water resource management.
Journal Article
Industrial water pollution and transboundary eco-compensation: analyzing the case of Songhua River Basin, China
As eco-compensation is considered an effective economic instrument for controlling the industrial water pollution in transboundary basin, this study aims to explore a transboundary eco-compensation mechanism for Songhua River Basin that is one of the seven major drainage basins in China. Using a panel dataset of eleven cities in this basin tracked from 1992 to 2016, we empirically examined the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis by analyzing the relationship between economic development and industrial water pollution. Then, we developed two econometric models to quantify the wastewater discharge allowance and eco-compensation of investigated cities, respectively. The results specifically reveal the inverted U-curve effects of GRP (gross regional product) on industrial wastewater discharge, which displays an evidence of EKC in the field of transboundary water pollution in China. Moreover, our results verify the polluter pays principle that polluter should be responsible for its pollution behavior through paying of eco-compensation. Our results further interpret that the emissions trading program can help protect the ecosystem by allowing the wastewater discharge allowance to trading market.
Journal Article
Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater and agricultural land using remote sensing in a semi-arid region
Accurate forecasting of groundwater levels is of primary importance for the sustainable management of water resources, particularly in semi-arid regions that continuously face high agricultural and industrial water demands. This study attempts to model the groundwater level dynamics at the Gozar-Abbas-Ali piezometric well in the northern Kerman aquifer, located in Iran, using time series techniques. The fit and validation of three stochastic models were tested in this study: the autoregressive (AR), the autoregressive moving average (ARMA), and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. Among these models, ARIMA (5,2,5) was found as the most suitable for prediction accuracy. The trend analysis indicated a continued decline in the groundwater levels, mainly attributable to excessive extraction for agricultural use during the period of 2002 to 2010. Conversely, a decrease in agricultural land, traced through NDVI analysis on remote sensing data, led to the transient slowing down of groundwater depletion from 2010 to 2018, coinciding with the discharge of treated wastewater for artificial recharge. Since 2018, groundwater depletion had resumed more speedily due to water being diverted for large-scale industrial purposes, exacerbating the stress on the aquifer. The integration of regression between ARIMA-predicted groundwater levels and NDVI-derived land-use forecasts predicts further decline from cultivated land from 57.34% of the study area in 2002 to 23.71% in 2026 and to 9.63% in 2036. This observation highlights the intertwined relationship between agricultural expansion, industrial water demand, and groundwater sustainability, warranting the immediate need for integrated water management in arid and semi-arid regions.
Journal Article