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Understanding data analytics and predictive modelling in the oil and gas industry
Covers aspects of data science and predictive analytics used in oil and gas industry by looking into the challenges of data processing and data modelling unique to this industry. It includes upstream management, intelligent/digital well, value chain integration, crude basket forecasting and so forth.
BOOK
‘Nothing can be done until everything is done’: the use of complexity arguments by food, beverage, alcohol and gambling industries
BackgroundCorporations use a range of strategies to dispute their role in causing public health harms and to limit the scope of effective public health interventions. This is well documented in relation to the activities of the tobacco industry, but research on other industries is less well developed. We therefore analysed public statements and documents from four unhealthy commodity industries to investigate whether and how they used arguments about complexity in this way.MethodsWe analysed alcohol, food, soda and gambling industry documents and websites and minutes of reports of relevant health select committees, using standard document analysis methods.ResultsTwo main framings were identified: (i) these industries argue that aetiology is complex, so individual products cannot be blamed; and (ii) they argue that population health measures are ‘too simple’ to address complex public health problems. However, in this second framing, there are inherent contradictions in how industry used ‘complexity’, as their alternative solutions are generally not, in themselves, complex.ConclusionThe concept of complexity, as commonly used in public health, is also widely employed by unhealthy commodity industries to influence how the public and policymakers understand health issues. It is frequently used in response to policy announcements and in response to new scientific evidence (particularly evidence on obesity and alcohol harms). The arguments and language may reflect the existence of a cross-industry ‘playbook’, whose use results in the undermining of effective public health policies – in particular the undermining of effective regulation of profitable industry activities that are harmful to the public’s health.
Journal Article
Harness oil and gas big data with analytics : optimize exploration and production with data driven models
\"Use big data analytics to efficiently drive oil and gas exploration and productionHarness Oil and Gas Big Data with Analytics provides a complete view of big data and analytics techniques as they are applied to the oil and gas industry. Including a compendium of specific case studies, the book underscores the acute need for optimization in the oil and gas exploration and production stages and shows how data analytics can provide such optimization. This spans exploration, development, production and rejuvenation of oil and gas assets.The book serves as a guide for fully leveraging data, statistical, and quantitative analysis, exploratory and predictive modeling, and fact-based management to drive decision making in oil and gas operations. This comprehensive resource delves into the three major issues that face the oil and gas industry during the exploration and production stages: Data management, including storing massive quantities of data in a manner conducive to analysis and effectively retrieving, backing up, and purging data Quantification of uncertainty, including a look at the statistical and data analytics methods for making predictions and determining the certainty of those predictions Risk assessment, including predictive analysis of the likelihood that known risks are realized and how to properly deal with unknown risks Covering the major issues facing the oil and gas industry in the exploration and production stages, Harness Big Data with Analytics reveals how to model big data to realize efficiencies and business benefits\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Health-related quality of life 1 year after a large-scale industrial fire among exposed inhabitants of Rouen, France: ‘The Post Fire 76 Health’ study
Background
A large-scale industrial fire occurred in Rouen, France, in 2019. This study assessed the health-related quality of life of people exposed to its consequences 1 year later.
Methods
The study population comprised inhabitants of the exposed area and a non-exposed area. A representative sample was randomly selected using a stratified design. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire to describe fire exposure and to calculate three health-related quality of life scores according to the SF12-v2 scale. After adjustment, descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted.
Results
The sample comprised 4773 participants (response rate 47.7%). In the exposed area, the average mental, physical and overall health scores were 47.5, 52.0 and 73.8 out of 100, respectively. Mean mental and overall health scores were higher in the non-exposed area (49.0 and 76.0, respectively). After adjustment, a lower mental health score was associated with a higher number of perceived types of exposure, reaching −3.72 points [−5.41; −2.04] for five or more different types of perceived exposure. A lower mental health score was associated with soot deposits (−1.04 [−1.70; −0.39]), perceiving odours [(−2.04 [−3.22; −0.86]) up to the day of data collection], and having seen, heard or been awakened by the fire (−1.21 [−1.90; −0.52]). A slightly lower physical health score was associated with soot deposits (−0.57 [−1.07; −0.08]).
Conclusion
This study highlighted associations between exposure to the consequences of the industrial fire in Rouen and a deterioration of perceived health-related quality of life 1 year later, particularly the mental health dimension.
Journal Article
Effect of menthol cigarette and other menthol tobacco product bans on tobacco purchases in the RTI iShoppe virtual convenience store
ObjectiveTo test how a potential US ban of menthol products or replacement with ‘green’ products and ads could influence tobacco purchases.MethodsUS adult menthol smokers (N=1197) were recruited via an online panel and randomly assigned to complete a shopping task in one of four versions (experimental conditions) of the RTI iShoppe virtual store: (1) no ban, (2) replacement of menthol cigarettes and ads with green replacement versions, (3) menthol cigarette ban and (4) all menthol tobacco product ban. Logistic regressions assessed the effect of condition on tobacco purchases.ResultsParticipants in the menthol cigarette ban (OR=0.67, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.92) and all menthol product ban conditions (OR=0.60, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.83) were less likely to purchase cigarettes of any type than participants in the no ban condition. Participants in the green replacement (OR=1.74, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.70), menthol cigarette ban (OR=3.40, 95% CI 2.14 to 5.41) and all menthol product ban conditions (OR=3.14, 95% CI 1.97 to 5.01) were more likely to purchase a cigarette brand different from their usual brand than participants in the no ban condition.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that menthol bans could have great public health impact by reducing cigarette purchases. However, tobacco marketing strategies, such as creating green (or other replacement) versions of menthol cigarettes, may undermine public health benefits of a menthol ban by prompting purchases of non-menthol cigarettes. Our findings highlight the importance of taking tobacco marketing tactics into consideration in tobacco product regulation.
Journal Article
An Occupational Legacy: Malignant Mesothelioma Incidence and Mortality in Wisconsin
OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to describe mesothelioma occurrence in Wisconsin from 1997 to 2013 by usual industry and occupation (I&O), including occupations generally considered low risk.
METHODS:Population-based rates and standardized incidence and mortality ratios were calculated. Two case–control analyses were designed to compare mesothelioma incidence and mortality in specific I&O groups with occurrence of (1) brain and central nervous system cancers and (2) other causes of death, using logistic regression.
RESULTS:Mesothelioma incidence and mortality were elevated in Wisconsin (SIRadj = 1.20 [1.13 to 1.28]; SMRadj = 1.30 [1.22 to 1.38]). Certain industry (construction, manufacturing) and occupation (construction and extraction) groups were associated with increased odds of mesothelioma, with some evidence of increased risk among teachers.
CONCLUSIONS:Forty years after the Occupational and Safety Health Act, mesothelioma incidence and mortality remain elevated in Wisconsin, with increased risk continuing for certain I&O groups.
Journal Article
Sickness absence trajectories and retirement pathways among industrial workers
Abstract
We studied the trajectories of sickness absences among industrial workers over 6 years and examined whether the membership of trajectories was associated with subsequent retirement type for 11 years. We used data from one of the largest Finnish food industry companies that responded to a questionnaire survey in 2003. Sickness absence days per year from 2003 to 2008 were obtained from the company’s registers and linked to the register of Finnish Centre for Pension data (statutory and non-statutory) until the end of 2019. We analysed data from 633 individuals who had information on sickness absence and the type of retirement. Latent class growth modelling was used to identify trajectories of sickness absence days per year, and Cox-regression models were used to examine the association of trajectories with retirement type. The models were adjusted for baseline sociodemographic, work-related physical, and psychosocial factors. We identified three distinct trajectories of sickness absence during the 6-year period. Most respondents (51.2%) had low-fluctuating, one-third (33.9%) had moderate-stable, and 14.9% had a high-stable sickness absence trajectory throughout. The high-stable trajectory was associated with a higher risk of non-statutory retirement (hazard ratio 2.67, 95% confidence interval 1.69–4.23) when adjusted for sociodemographic, perceived health, and work-related variables. We found significant heterogeneity in the number of sick absence days per year among the private sector employees over a period of 6 years. An increase in the risk of non-statutory retirement among those with high-stable sickness absences signifies the importance of early intervention to support individuals experiencing recurring sickness absence whilst employed.
Journal Article
A National Survey of Physician–Industry Relationships
In this national survey of 3167 physicians, 83% reported receiving food or beverages paid for by a company that makes drugs or other medical products, 78% drug samples, 35% reimbursement for professional meetings, and 28% payments for consulting, speaking, or enrolling patients in clinical trials. Family practitioners met most frequently with industry representatives, and cardiologists were most likely to receive payments.
In this national survey of physicians, 83% reported receiving food or beverages paid for by a company that makes drugs or other medical products, 78% drug samples, 35% reimbursement for professional meetings, and 28% payments for consulting, speaking, or enrolling patients in clinical trials.
In the past 20 years, physician–industry relationships have received considerable attention.
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12
In 2000, Wazana reviewed 16 studies published between 1982 and 1997 and estimated that, on average, physicians met with industry representatives four times per month and residents accepted six gifts per year from industry representatives.
13
A 2001 survey showed that 92% of physicians received drug samples, 61% received meals, tickets to events, or free travel, 13% received financial or other kinds of benefits, and 12% received incentives for participation in clinical trials.
14
Many of these previous studies are now somewhat dated or focused on particular specialties or geographic . . .
Journal Article
Harness oil and gas big data with analytics
\"Use big data analytics to efficiently drive oil and gas exploration and productionHarness Oil and Gas Big Data with Analytics provides a complete view of big data and analytics techniques as they are applied to the oil and gas industry. Including a compendium of specific case studies, the book underscores the acute need for optimization in the oil and gas exploration and production stages and shows how data analytics can provide such optimization. This spans exploration, development, production and rejuvenation of oil and gas assets. The book serves as a guide for fully leveraging data, statistical, and quantitative analysis, exploratory and predictive modeling, and fact-based management to drive decision making in oil and gas operations. This comprehensive resource delves into the three major issues that face the oil and gas industry during the exploration and production stages: Data management, including storing massive quantities of data in a manner conducive to analysis and effectively retrieving, backing up, and purging data Quantification of uncertainty, including a look at the statistical and data analytics methods for making predictions and determining the certainty of those predictions Risk assessment, including predictive analysis of the likelihood that known risks are realized and how to properly deal with unknown risks Covering the major issues facing the oil and gas industry in the exploration and production stages, Harness Big Data with Analytics reveals how to model big data to realize efficiencies and business benefits\"--
eBook