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Inequity in the Technopolis
A ten-year longitudinal study of the impact of national, state, and local programs that address issues of digital divide and digital inclusion in Austin, Texas.
eBook
Third world citizens and the information technology revolution
\"This book challenges the widely-held view that the information technology (IT) revolution has empowered people in the Third World. Tracing the making of the global IT regime, it shows that governments and corporations of the wealthy countries dominated this process, systematically excluding representatives of low-income countries, who might have embraced alternative visions of the global information society. Once the IT regime was in place, these same actors pressured Third World countries into conforming to it. In the case of Egypt, these pressures resulted in a new ministry for IT, which helped integrate the country into a world economy governed by the rules of the haves. Ordinary Egyptians were, of course, not asked for their opinions\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Big Data, Little Data, No Data
\"Big Data\" is on the covers ofScience, Nature, theEconomist, andWiredmagazines, on the front pages of theWall Street Journaland theNew York Times.But despite the media hyperbole, as Christine Borgman points out in this examination of data and scholarly research, having the right data is usually better than having more data; little data can be just as valuable as big data. In many cases, there are no data -- because relevant data don't exist, cannot be found, or are not available. Moreover, data sharing is difficult, incentives to do so are minimal, and data practices vary widely across disciplines.Borgman, an often-cited authority on scholarly communication, argues that data have no value or meaning in isolation; they exist within a knowledge infrastructure -- an ecology of people, practices, technologies, institutions, material objects, and relationships. After laying out the premises of her investigation -- six \"provocations\" meant to inspire discussion about the uses of data in scholarship -- Borgman offers case studies of data practices in the sciences, the social sciences, and the humanities, and then considers the implications of her findings for scholarly practice and research policy. To manage and exploit data over the long term, Borgman argues, requires massive investment in knowledge infrastructures; at stake is the future of scholarship.
eBook
Governance arrangements for IT project portfolio management : qualitative insights and a quantitative modeling approach
Due to the growing importance of IT-based innovations, contemporary firms face an excessive number of proposals for IT projects. As typically only a fraction of these projects can be implemented with the given capacity, IT project portfolio management as a relatively new discipline has received growing attention in research and practice in recent years. Thorsten Frey demonstrates how companies are struggling to find the right balance between local autonomy and central overview about all projects in the organization. In this context, impacts of different contextual factors on the design of governance arrangements for IT project portfolio management are demonstrated. Moreover, consequences of the use of different organizational designs are analyzed. The author presents insights from a qualitative empirical study as well as a simulative approach. Contents IT Project Portfolio Management IT Governance Business IT/Alignment Centralization and Decentralization Target Groups Information management and project management researchers and students IT project portfolio management and IT governance practitioners The Author Dr. Thorsten Frey received his doctorate at the chair of Information Systems / Software Business & Information Management at the Technische Universitèat Darmstadt, Germany. His areas of interest are Information Management, IT Governance, and Project Portfolio Management.
Book
Harnessing Green IT
“Ultimately, this is a remarkable book, a practical testimonial, and a comprehensive bibliography rolled into one. It is a single, bright sword cut across the various murky green IT topics. And if my mistakes and lessons learned through the green IT journey are any indication, this book will be used every day by folks interested in greening IT.”<br /> — <i>Simon Y. Liu, Ph.D. & Ed.D., Editor-in-Chief,</i> IT Professional <i>Magazine, IEEE Computer Society, Director, U.S. National Agricultural Library</i> <p><b>This book presents a holistic perspective onGreen IT by discussing its various facets and showing how to strategically embrace it</b></p> <p><i>Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices</i> examines various ways of making computing and information systems greener – environmentally sustainable -, as well as several means of using Information Technology (IT) as a tool and an enabler to improve the environmental sustainability. The book focuses on both greening of IT and greening by IT – complimentary approaches to attaining environmental sustainability.   In a single volume, it   comprehensively covers several key aspects of Green IT - green technologies, design, standards, maturity models, strategies and adoption -, and presents a clear approach to greening IT encompassing green use, green disposal, green design, and green manufacturing. It also illustrates how to stratgically apply green IT in practice in several areas.</p> <p>Key Features:</p> <ul> <li>Presents a comprehensive coverage of key topics of imprortance and practical relevance  - green technologies, design, standards, maturity models, strategies and adoption</li> <li>Highlights several useful approaches to embracing green IT in several areas</li> <li>Features chapters written by accomplished experts from industry and academia who have first-hand knowledge and expertise in specific areas of green IT</li> <li>Presents a set of review and discussion questions for each chapter that will help the readers to examine and explore the green IT domain further</li> <li>Includes a companion website providing  resources for further information and presentation slides</li> </ul> <p>This book will be an invaluable resource for IT Professionals, academics, students, researchers, project leaders/managers, IT business executives, CIOs, CTOs and anyone interested in Green IT and harnessing it to enhance our environment.</p>
eBook
Digital Era Governance
Government information systems are big business (costing over 1% of GDP a year). They are critical to all aspects of public policy and governmental operations. Governments spend billions on them — for instance, the United Kingdom alone commits £14 billion a year to public sector information technology (IT) operations. Yet governments do not generally develop or run their own systems, instead relying on private sector computer services providers to run large, long-run contracts to provide IT. Some of the biggest companies in the world (IBM, EDS, Lockheed Martin, etc.) have made this a core market. This book shows how governments in some countries (the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands) have maintained much more effective policies than others (in the United Kingdom, Japan, and Australia). It shows how public managers need to retain and develop their own IT expertise and to carefully maintain well-contested markets if they are to deliver value for money in their dealings with the very powerful global IT industry. This book describes how a critical aspect of the modern state is managed, or in some cases mismanaged.
eBook
How Does Strategic Alignment Affect Firm Performance? The Roles of Information Technology Investment and Environmental Uncertainty
The alignment between a firm’s business and information technology (IT) strategies continues to be important for research and practice. Prior research investigating the performance consequences of strategic IT alignment (SITA) has produced inconsistent results. This paper distinguishes between two roles of SITA: (1) as a state of congruence between business and IT, which is the primary focus of empirical studies, and (2) as reflecting a capability that may enable or inhibit the leveraging of IT investments, as has been discussed theoretically but not examined empirically. Based on the resource-based view (RBV), IT investment (ITI) is explicitly included as the resource that SITA as a capability can inherently help leverage. Also based on RBV, we argue that environmental uncertainty, which is examined in terms of dynamism, complexity, and munificence, moderates the effect of SITA on the relationship between ITI and firm performance. The research model is tested through panel-data analyses of data from 1999–2008, including 758 firm-year observations from 242 firms. This study is the first to find that SITA as a state directly improves firm performance even when considering ITI and its interaction with SITA. Moreover, the effect of the interaction between SITA and ITI on firm performance increases with an increase in environmental dynamism or complexity and with a decrease in environmental munificence. We also find that the effect of the interaction between SITA and ITI can be negative under some environments. Specifically, the results suggest that (1) in dynamic, complex, and hostile environments, SITA does reflect a capability that enhances the positive effect of ITI on firm performance, but (2) in stable, simple, and munificent environments, SITA reflects a rigidity that reduces the positive effect of ITI on firm performance. The results are robust under a variety of statistical specifications and estimations.
Journal Article