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Some Muslims believe insurance is unnecessary, as society should help its victims. Muslims can no longer ignore the fact that they live, trade and communicate with open global systems, and they can no longer ignore the need for banking and insurance. Aly Khorshid demonstrates how initial clerical apprehensions were overcome to create pioneering Muslim-friendly banking systems, and applies the lessons learnt to a workable insurance framework by which Muslims can compete with non-Muslims in business and have cover in daily life. The book uses relevant Quranic and Sunnah extracts, and the arguments of pro- and anti-insurance jurists to arrive at its conclusion that Muslims can enjoy the peace of mind and equity of an Islamic insurance scheme. The Muslim World Book Review: The Islamic Foundation. Islamic Insurance: A modern approach to islamic banking. The book aims to contribute towards further understanding of the conceptual frameworks of Islamic insurance in the hope that the world community will appreciate and recognise Islamic insurance as a suitable alternative model to conventional insurance. Each chapter deals with a specific topic which is both interdisciplinary and international in scope, and all the chapters are concerned with insurance and its relevant law and practices in Islamic perspectives.]...[ Overall the book is quite persuasive on how Islamic insurance could work well globally. The author should be congratulated for this well-researched book which would be of interest to any economist and financial planner dealing with insurance. It could also serve as a text book at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level, and interested lay readers will find it a fine introduction to an important topic in the area of Islamic financial industry. Introduction 1. The Meaning of Insurance in Islam 2. Riba (Usury) and Gharar (Risk) 3. Pre-Modern and Modern Jurists' Standing on Insurance 4. The Development of Mutual Insurance in the West 5. The Development of Islamic Banking and Insurance in Malaysia: A Case Study 6. The Development of Islamic Banking and Insurance in Saudi Arabia: A Case Study 7. Basic Principles for an Insurance Scheme Acceptable to the Islamic Faith 8. Conclusion Aly Khorshid , born in Egypt, received his Ph.D. from the University of Leeds in 2001. He is a researcher in Islamic economics, and a consultant to Islamic banks and Islamic institutions in both the Middle East and Europe. Besides being a company director, he is also on the board of management of several companies. Dr Khorshid has published various articles on Islamic economics.

Takaful, which means 'cooperative', is an insurance approach that is instrumental to providing insurance services to Muslims and others with religious objections to aspects of conventional commercial insurance models, specifically interest payments, uncertainty, or gambling kind of transactions.

A groundbreaking study of the investment portfolios of takaful companies, their general investment patterns, and their future investments The Islamic finance industry has witnessed remarkable growth over the last decade, and one of the most successful segments—poised for even greater expansion—is the Islamic insurance (takaful) industry. In Takaful Investment Portfolios, distinguished takaful scholar Abdulrahman Khalil Tolefat explores the investment portfolios of takaful companies in both the GCC countries and Malaysia, the tip of Islamic finance industry. Investigating the trends and patterns of investment of takaful companies, the book looks at shareholders as well as general and family funds to determine where these companies are investing today, and where they are likely to invest in the future. Presenting new and novel research on the investment patterns of takaful companies, Takaful Investment Portfolios covers the history of the industry and takaful models and how they work, and presents in-depth studies of both their real-world and desired portfolio investments. Presents unique new research into the investment portfolios of takaful companies in the GCC and Malaysia Examines the gap between desired and actual investment portfolios of takaful companies Explores expected areas for future investment Groundbreaking in its depth, Takaful Investment Portfolios is an unprecedented study of the investments of takaful companies.

The book uses relevant Quranic and Sunnah extracts, and the arguments of pro- and anti-insurance jurists to arrive at its conclusion that Muslims can enjoy the peace of mind and equity of an Islamic insurance scheme

The need for Sharia insurance products in the Muslim community continues to significantly increase. Sharia insurance offers sustainability in overcoming the risk of economic loss based on the principles of Islamic law. In addition, Sharia insurance can be a sustainable solution in providing risk management funds. This study aimed to analyze the development and sustainability of Islamic insurance as an alternative form of risk management, as well as its sustainability in the future. The general review is still in the form of the products offered and operational system models in the Sharia insurance industry. The systematic literature review method was used to obtain a visualization and general description of Islamic insurance, employing 774 data articles from 2010 to 2022. From the results of the analysis, it was found that research discussing Islamic insurance has demonstrated significant developments every year. Mitigating risks by offering the principles of Islamic law represents added value for the Islamic insurance industry. In addition, five models of Sharia insurance systems have been introduced and used; namely, the Mudharabah model, the modified Mudharabah model, the Wakalah model, the hybrid model, and the Waqf model. However, the products offered in Sharia insurance are not too numerous and are still focused on individual risk. Based on these results, Sharia insurance will undergo development in the future in terms of both the products offered and risk management. Of course, it can also lead to a transition to the development of sustainable Sharia insurance.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of Islamic beliefs in moderating consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions of conventional and Islamic life insurance. Second, it investigates the role of Islamic beliefs in moderating the relationship between the attitude toward conventional/Islamic life insurance and purchase intentions of these types of services. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was administered online in a Muslim liberal country where both types of insurance are offered. Based on a total sample of 207 responses, ANOVA tests and a structural Equation Modeling were used to test the research hypotheses. Findings – Results show that: the higher (lower) the Islamic beliefs of individuals, the less (more) favorable their attitude will be toward conventional life insurance and the more (less) favorable their attitude will be toward Islamic life insurance; the higher (lower) the Islamic beliefs of individuals, the weaker (stronger) their purchase intentions for conventional life insurance will be and the stronger (weaker) their purchase intentions for Islamic life insurance will be; and Islamic beliefs moderate the relationships between attitudes and purchase intentions of life insurance. Practical implications – Because they play a significant role in moderating consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions of conventional and Islamic life insurance, Islamic beliefs can be used as a meaningful criterion to segment the life insurance markets in (less conservative) Muslim countries. This would help insurance companies to better target their services. In a case where two segments coexist (i.e. individuals scoring low on Islamic beliefs vs individuals scoring high on Islamic beliefs), insurers should weigh different strategic options by targeting one of the two segments or both of them. Perhaps the main issue occurs when an insurer attempts to target both segments. In this case, managers should be aware of the confusion that they might create in the mind of their clients (or potential clients). Concurrently offering two types of life insurance (conventional and Islamic) may put the insurers’ credibility at stake. Originality/value – Earlier studies report that in Muslim countries, the demand for life insurance is weak or negatively correlated with religion. The majority of these studies consider religion as a macro indicator (i.e. at the country level) when explaining the demand for such services. The present study further clarifies the nature of the relationship between religion and the demand for life insurance by: examining the role of Islamic beliefs (as one of the main dimensions of Muslims’ religiosity) at the micro level (i.e. at the consumer level); and investigating the moderating role of Islamic beliefs in explaining attitudes and purchase intentions of conventional and Islamic life insurance in a less conservative Muslim country.

Purpose Malaysia is recognised as an emerging country with a large Muslim population, making the Malaysian Takaful industry the largest Takaful market in the Southeast Asia region and, notably, one of the fastest growing markets globally. Malaysia is also the first country globally to implement a risk-based capital framework for Takaful. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence the efficiency level (cost efficiency and technical efficiency) of the Takaful industry and to examine the effects of Takaful insurance firms’ specific factors and corporate governance factors that influence the efficiency of Takaful insurance in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the efficiency level of the Malaysian Takaful industry was examined between 2011 and 2015. The sample consisted of 11 family Takaful and 8 general Takaful operators. Two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used by first, conducting non-parametric frontier data envelopment analysis to obtain a DEA score for each operator. This was followed by panel regression with the DEA scores as the dependent variable and the insurance firms’ specific factors and corporate governance factors as the independent variables. Findings The results of DEA indicate that Takaful operators in general have allocative inefficiency but family Takaful is more cost efficient than general Takaful. Results of panel data analysis reveal that corporate governance factors do influence the cost efficiency but find no evidence on the firm-specific factors towards the cost efficiency and technical efficiency on Takaful operators. Board size and the proportion of non-executive directors impose a negative and significant relationship with cost efficiency, while proportion of Muslim directors in the board is not significant. Research limitations/implications This paper focused solely on Malaysia which uses strict regulations governing the Takaful insurance market. Due diligence was also performed to minimise any limitation in the paper. It is proposed that future studies should examine this issue in greater detail by incorporating more data from other Muslim countries. Practical implications The findings of this paper have significant implications for policymakers to understand the efficiency condition in the Takaful market. Takaful operators should maintain a small board size with a higher proportion of executive directors, given they could improve the level of effective decision-making to enhance the cost efficiency. As corporate governance factors are significant, Takaful operators in Malaysia should also undertake transparent disclosure practice and reporting such as providing adequate and relevant information related to Shariah compliance and principles to provide a robust foundation as the Takaful market leader regarding Takaful regulations globally. Social implications The consumer is able to make a better decision when choosing Takaful insurance company to protect their interests. Originality/value No similar paper has been undertaken to the best of the researcher’s knowledge using similar research design and scope to investigate the efficiency of Takaful insurance as in this paper. Takaful insurance is a rapidly growing industry in Malaysia, setting a prime example to other countries globally. Malaysia was selected for this study, as it is the only nation that has implemented the most extreme regulation in the Takaful insurance market.

Navigate the Complexities of Islamic Banking with Expert Risk Analysis In the rapidly growing world of Islamic finance, understanding and managing risk is paramount. Risk Analysis for Islamic Banks provides a comprehensive framework for navigating the unique challenges and opportunities in this sector. Designed for industry professionals, supervisors, and policymakers, this resource offers a high-level overview of risk assessment, analysis, and management tailored to Islamic financial markets. Discover how to: * Apply Shariah principles to risk management * Implement effective corporate governance structures * Adapt conventional techniques to the specific needs of Islamic banks * Improve transparency and data quality for informed decision-making Gain the knowledge and tools to ensure financial stability and ethical practices in Islamic banking. This book is your essential guide to mastering risk in this dynamic and evolving field. Authored by Hennie van Greuning and Zamir Iqbal, leading experts in Islamic finance.

Purpose Research on financial inclusion (FI) in Islamic countries has evolved and gained prominence. This study aims to construct an extensive multidimensional FI index to ascertain the level of inclusion and trends in the Middle East/North Africa (MENA) countries. Additionally, this study examines the potential role of Islamic finance in improving access to financial services. Design/methodology/approach Data for the study were collected from databases covering MENA countries for the period 2010–2020. An inclusion index has been constructed using the entropy method. Findings Key findings indicate that the overall FI has improved in Islamic countries. However, it should be noted that all MENA countries fall within the low or medium levels of the inclusion index. It was observed that insurance access and penetration savings were poor in the Islamic MENA countries. Social implications The authors recommend that policymakers focus on insurance access and saving behaviour in their respective countries. Based upon these observations, policymakers should promote the economic benefits of Islamic finance, which will help improve FI and economic development in Islamic countries. This study emphasises the necessity of policy framework reform to provide Islamic financial services to the poorest in society at low or no cost for better economic benefits. Originality/value Most studies tend to overlook important indicators such as insurance, savings and credit penetration while calculating the index. These indicators add value to the existing literature. The majority of prior studies used United Nation Development Programme methodology or principal component analysis for Inclusion Index measurements. The adoption of the entropy weighting method is the novelty of this study.