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Ecological integrity is both real and valuable
Ecological integrity has been criticized as a “bad fit as a value” for conservation biology and restoration ecology. But work over the past four decades centered on ecological integrity—especially biological integrity—has given rise to effective methods for biological monitoring and assessment to better understand the disintegration of living systems, including under scenarios of rapid climate change. Revealing when and where living systems have been altered by human activity, such methods have been adapted and applied most comprehensively in streams and rivers, but also in other ecosystems, ranging from tropical forests to marine coral reefs and on all continents except Antarctica. Equally important, restoration and maintenance of biological integrity is already a fundamental goal in law and offers an inspiring framework for communication and engagement—among scientists, resource managers, law‐ and policymakers, and the public. This essay builds the case that ecological integrity has proved both real and valuable as a conservation paradigm. Biological monitoring and assessment founded on the concept of ecological integrity, especially biological integrity, has led to real‐world achievements under the US Clean Water Act. Between 1979 and 2017, for example, the health of Ohio's Scioto River improved so much that as many as 70 fish species, including some that had been absent for more than a century, could again be found in the mainstem river near Columbus. This example is only one of the many demonstrating that ecological integrity is both real and valuable in conservation.
Journal Article
ALLERGIC TO CHLORHEXIDINE? A TRIAL OF PURE HYPOCHLOROUS ACID FOR SKIN DECONTAMINATION IN ONCOLOGY PATIENTS
Significance & Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) can significantly increase morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Chlorhexidine (CHG) is an antiseptic commonly used for skin decontamination; however, it is contraindicated for patients with compromised skin integrity and for those with an allergy to it. Although a small population of patients, the care team decided to trial a different product with the goal of equitable alternative disinfection in the prevention of CLABSI. A collaborative decision was made to trial pure hypochlorous acid (pHa) with the patients who are allergic to CHG or have compromised skin integrity. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of pHa for skin decontamination in reducing the incidence of CLABSI in patients with a CHG contraindication compared to standard skin decontamination protocols. Interventions: Patients identified as requiring an alternative to CHG disinfection included those with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in addition to those with compromised skin integrity. As the addition of pHa would be a practice change, approval to trial the product needed to be obtained. An interdisciplinary team, consisting of Infection Prevention Medical Director, Oncology Medical Director, Wound & Ostomy, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Nursing quality, and Dermatology reviewed published data on pHa to determine the effectiveness as an alternative. CLABSI rates, skin irritation, and patient tolerance were monitored for eight months to ensure pHa is an acceptable substitution for CHG. Results: During the eight-month monitoring period there were no reports of CLABSIs, no skin irritation was reported by patients and the use of pHa was well tolerated. Discussion: Pure hypochlorous acid is a promising alternative for skin decontamination in an immunocompromised patient population. Next steps include reviewing the CLABSI policy to include the use of pHa for patients allergic/ sensitive to CHG or those with compromised skin integrity. The updated policy will then be shared with all campuses to ensure awareness of this enterprise-wide initiative and change. Monitoring this patient population for CLABSI, skin irritation or intolerance will be continued beyond implementation. The use of pHa in specific populations may further enhance infection control when used as directed. This product may be considered for use on a variety of patient populations, beyond what was discussed, to prevent infections, discomfort and intolerance of CHG.
Journal Article
Decline of the North American avifauna
Species extinctions have defined the global biodiversity crisis, but extinction begins with loss in abundance of individuals that can result in compositional and functional changes of ecosystems. Using multiple and independent monitoring networks, we report population losses across much of the North American avifauna over 48 years, including once-common species and from most biomes. Integration of range-wide population trajectories and size estimates indicates a net loss approaching 3 billion birds, or 29% of 1970 abundance. A continent-wide weather radar network also reveals a similarly steep decline in biomass passage of migrating birds over a recent 10-year period. This loss of bird abundance signals an urgent need to address threats to avert future avifaunal collapse and associated loss of ecosystem integrity, function, and services.
Journal Article
Data integrity and quality
Data integrity is the quality, reliability, trustworthiness, and completeness of a data set, providing accuracy, consistency, and context. Data quality refers to the state of qualitative or quantitative pieces of information. Over five sections, this book discusses data integrity and data quality as well as their applications in various fields.
Book
A supply chain integrity framework for halal food
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a food supply chain (SC) integrity framework in the context of halal food.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper provides a discussion on the development of food SC integrity framework using triangulation of interviews’ insights with literature.
Findings
Current industry practices such as standards have not been sufficient in embracing the concept of food SC integrity. As the food SC is complex, food SC integrity framework is proposed as a solution. This paper proposes food SC integrity framework for halal food. It consists of four dimensions, namely: raw material, production, service, and information integrity. In addition, key elements for each dimension are derived from the interviews’ insights.
Research limitations/implications
The framework provides the evidence that the safeguarding of halal food integrity does not rely solely on certification; but it requires an extensive effort beyond certification.
Practical implications
Safeguarding of food integrity should involve all stages and actors of the SC. Religious standards should incorporate SC integrity profiling through a controlling mechanism to promote higher food product integrity.
Originality/value
Food SC integrity framework is important to religious food as it plays a significant role to the population. This study contributes to a newly developed SC integrity framework in the context of halal food.
Journal Article