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Suffering Scholars
As early as Aristotle's Problem XXX , intellectual
superiority has been linked to melancholy. The association between
sickness and genius continued to be a topic for discussion in the
work of early modern writers, most recognizably in Robert Burton's
The Anatomy of Melancholy . But it was not until the
eighteenth century that the phenomenon known as the \"suffering
scholar\" reached its apotheosis, a phenomenon illustrated by the
popularity of works such as Samuel-Auguste Tissot's De la santé
des gens de lettres , first published in 1768. Though hardly
limited to French-speaking Europe, the link between mental endeavor
and physical disorder was embraced with particular vigor there, as
was the tendency to imbue intellectuals with an aura of otherness
and detachment from the world. Intellectuals and artists were
portrayed as peculiarly susceptible to altered states of health as
well as psyche-the combination of mental intensity and somatic
frailty proved both the privileges and the perils of
knowledge-seeking and creative endeavor.
In Suffering Scholars , Anne C. Vila focuses on the
medical and literary dimensions of the cult of celebrity that
developed around great intellectuals during the French
Enlightenment. Beginning with Tissot's work, which launched a
subgenre of health advice aimed specifically at scholars, she
demonstrates how writers like Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau, and Mme
de Staël, responded to the \"suffering scholar\" syndrome and helped
to shape it. She traces the ways in which this syndrome influenced
the cultural perceptions of iconic personae such as the
philosophe , the solitary genius, and the learned lady. By
showing how crucial the so-called suffering scholar was to debates
about the mind-body relation as well as to sex and sensibility,
Vila sheds light on the consequences book-learning was thought to
have on both the individual body and the body politic, not only in
the eighteenth century but also into the decades following the
Revolution.
eBook
Birth of the Intellectuals : 1880-1900
\"Who exactly are the 'intellectuals'? This term is so widely used today that we forget that it is a recent invention, dating from the late nineteenth century. In Birth of the Intellectuals, the renowned historian and sociologist Christophe Charle shows that the term 'intellectuals' first appeared at the time of the Dreyfus Affair, and the neologism originally signified a cultural and political vanguard who dared to challenge the status quo. Yet the word, expected to disappear once the political crisis had dissolved, has somehow endured. At times it describes a social group, and at others a way of seeing the social world from the perspective of universal values that challenges established hierarchies. But why did intellectuals survive when the events that gave rise to this term had faded into the past? To answer this question, it is necessary to show how the crisis of the old representations, the unprecedented expansion of the intellectual professions and the vacuum left by the decline of the traditional ruling class created favourable conditions for the collective affirmation of 'intellectuals.' This also explains why the literary or academic avant garde traditionally reluctant to engage gradually reconciled themselves with political activists and developed new ways to intervene in the field of power outside of traditional political channels. Through a careful rereading of the petitions surrounding the Dreyfus Affair, Charle offers a radical reinterpretation of this crucial moment of European history and develops a new model for understanding the ways in which public intellectuals in France, Germany, Britain, and the United States have addressed politics ever since\"--From publisher's website.
BOOK
Threshold of a new world : intellectuals and the exile experience in Paris, 1830-1848
No detailed description available for \"Threshold of a New World\".
eBook
From Paris to Pompeii
In the early nineteenth century, as amateur archaeologists excavated Pompeii, Egypt, Assyria, and the first prehistoric sites, a myth arose of archaeology as a magical science capable of unearthing and reconstructing worlds thought to be irretrievably lost. This timely myth provided an urgent antidote to the French anxiety of amnesia that undermined faith in progress, and it armed writers from Chateaubriand and Hugo to Michelet and Renan with the intellectual tools needed to affirm the indestructible character of the past.
From Paris to Pompeiireveals how the nascent science of archaeology lay at the core of the romantic experience of history and shaped the way historians, novelists, artists, and the public at large sought to cope with the relentless change that relegated every new present to history.
In postrevolutionary France, the widespread desire to claim that no being, city, culture, or language was ever definitively erased ran much deeper than mere nostalgic and reactionary impulses. Göran Blix contends that this desire was the cornerstone of the substitution of a weak secular form of immortality for the lost certainties of the Christian afterlife. Taking the iconic city of Pompeii as its central example, and ranging widely across French romantic culture, this book examines the formation of a modern archaeological gaze and analyzes its historical ontology, rhetoric of retrieval, and secular theology of memory, before turning to its broader political implications.
eBook
Mes souvenirs
Extrait: \"Je n'ai jamais rien été, je ne suis rien, et je ne serai jamais rien. Pourquoi alors, me demandera-t-on, raconter vos souvenirs? Pourquoi? Parce que, favorisé par le hasard, j'ai eu cette bonne fortune, depuis 1840, d'être toujours placé aux premières loges pour voir et entendre les comédies et les tragédies qui ont été jouées à Paris, et approcher de très près les grands comédiens qui ont tour à tour paru sur la scène.\"À PROPOS DES ÉDITIONS LIGARANLes éditions LIGARAN proposent des versions numériques de qualité de grands livres de la littérature classique mais également des livres rares en partenariat avec la BNF. Beaucoup de soins sont apportés à ces versions ebook pour éviter les fautes que l'on trouve trop souvent dans des versions numériques de ces textes. LIGARAN propose des grands classiques dans les domaines suivants: • Livres rares
• Livres libertins
• Livres d'Histoire
• Poésies
• Première guerre mondiale
• Jeunesse
• Policier
eBook
Mémoires d'un journaliste
Extrait: \"La première partie de ces mémoires, ou plutôt de ces notes, a été consacrée aux portraits à la plume de la plupart de ceux qui, de près ou de loin, ont joué un rôle au Figaro. Mon but est de compléter cette collection en faisant de nouveaux croquis de mes rédacteurs présents ou passés, en citant, comme échantillon de leur savoir-faire, leurs meilleurs articles, boutades ou nouvelles à la main.\"
eBook
Religion and the Post-revolutionary Mind
The French Revolution swept away the Old Regime along with many
of its ideas about epistemology, history, society, and politics. In
the intellectual ferment that followed, debates about religion
figured prominently as diverse thinkers grappled with the
philosophical and civil status of religion in a post-revolutionary
age. Arthur McCalla demonstrates the central place of religion in
the intellectual life of post-revolutionary France in Religion
and the Post-revolutionary Mind . Certain questions - What is
the nature of religion? Does society rest on religious foundations?
What ought to be the place of religion in society? - drew sustained
attention from across the political spectrum. Idéologues viewed
religion as error and sought to eradicate it through the promotion
of secular values. Catholic Traditionalists understood religion as
a body of revealed truths of supernatural origin that ought to be
authoritative in all aspects of life. Liberals sought to replace
Christian orthodoxy with a new public faith consonant with liberal
values. But these blocs were not monolithic, and McCalla reveals
the complexities of each one, as well as the dialogues and
rivalries among them. The categories established by the concepts of
religion these thinkers constructed continue to shape debates over
liberationist critiques, liberal pluralism, laïcité , and
political theology. The place of religion in civil society is again
a matter of urgent debate. Religion and the Post-revolutionary
Mind provides essential historical context for thinking about
the status of religion in the contemporary world.
eBook
Aristocracy and its enemies in the age of revolution
Since time immemorial Europe had been dominated by nobles and nobilities. In the 18th century their power seemed better entrenched than ever. But in 1790 the French revolutionaries made a determined attempt to abolish nobility entirely. ‘Aristocracy’ became the term for everything they were against, and the nobility of France, so recently the most dazzling and sophisticated elite in the European world, found itself persecuted in ways that horrified counterparts in other countries. This book traces the roots of the attack on nobility at this time, looking at intellectual developments over the preceding centuries, in particular the impact of the American Revolution. It traces the steps by which French nobles were disempowered and persecuted, a period during which large numbers fled the country and many perished or were imprisoned. In the end, abolition of the aristocracy proved impossible, and nobles recovered much of their property. Napoleon set out to reconcile the remnants of the old nobility to the consequences of revolution, and created a titled elite of his own. After his fall, the restored Bourbons offered renewed recognition to all forms of nobility. But 19th-century French nobles were a group transformed and traumatized by the revolutionary experience, and they never recovered their old hegemony and privileges. As the author shows, if the revolutionaries failed in their attempt to abolish nobility, they nevertheless began the longer term process of aristocratic decline that has marked the last two centuries.
eBook