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Purpose Study aimed to compare incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI), type of bacteria grown, development of antibiotic resistance over 2 years in children whose caregivers underwent training based on the Roy Adaptation Model with an android phone application for patients clean intermittent catheterization (RAMACIC) versus those whose caregivers received routine training in hospital. Method This study was conducted as a descriptive, prospective study with 40 patients and caregivers between October 2021 and 2023 as a continuation of a previously conducted randomized controlled experimental study by the researchers. Data were collected the “Participant Form,” and “Urine Test Form” analyzed with the SPSS 22 package. Descriptive data were determined by number (n), percentage (%), mean, and standard deviation. The frequency of UTI between the two groups was determined by the Chi-square test, and the effect size of the data was determined by Cramer’s V value of the Chi-square test. Results A significant reduction in UTI incidence among children of RAMACIC-trained caregivers during the first, second, third, and fourth 6-month periods compared with those under routine CIC training was observed ( p  < 0.05). It was determined that E. coli was the most frequently grown bacteria in both groups, with a higher rate in the group receiving routine training in the hospital, and antibiotic resistance was higher in the group receiving routine training in the hospital compared with RAMACIC. Conclusion RAMACIC, when administered to caregivers, effectively lowers the long-term risk of UTI development in patients undergoing CIC, also effective in reducing the antibiotic resistance that developed in patients.

This study aimed to compare the knowledge and skill levels of nursing students who received either mobile learning or face-to-face training on intermittent catheterization. Performing Intermittent Catheterization (IC) with the correct technique can significantly prevent catheterization-related complications. Ensuring that nurses are proficient in IC prevents complications and enables timely and accurate execution of the procedure. A parallel-group, non-inferiority, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 74 fourth-year nursing students in Türkiye were randomly assigned to either the face-to-face training (n = 37) or mobile learning group (n = 37) using block randomization. The study provided intermittent catheterization training via mobile application or traditional face-to-face instruction between April 10 and April 17, 2025. Data were collected using the IC Knowledge test and a skills checklist for both male and female catheterization procedures. No significant difference was determined in the IC knowledge score between mobile learning (14.21 SD 1.58) and face-to-face training (13.56 SD 1.78) groups. There was also no significant difference in the skill performance score between the mobile learning (18.51 SD 1.57/19.13 SD 1.15) and face-to-face training (18.62 SD 1.31/18.56 SD 1.70) groups in respect of female/male catheterization procedures. The results showed that mobile learning on IC was non-inferior (non-inferiority margin: −1.02, 95 % CI: −0.13–1.43). Mobile learning was found to be as effective as face-to-face training in enhancing both knowledge and practical skills in intermittent catheterization. Mobile applications can be considered as a supplement to face-to-face training in nursing education or as an alternative when face-to-face training is not possible. •Intermittent catheterization (IC) is widely used to drain urine in neurogenic bladder, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and other conditions.•There is limited evidence on the use of technology-based educational methods in IC training.•Mobile learning is as effective as face-to-face training in improving IC knowledge and practical skills.•Mobile apps may supplement face-to-face IC education or serve as an alternative when in-person is not possible.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of a new 30-cm-long, telescoping male intermittent catheter (SpeediCath Compact Male; Coloplast A/S, Humlebæk, Denmark) in urinary bladder emptying, safety and subject acceptance vs a standard-length male intermittent catheter (SpeediCath). Materials and methods: In a prospective, randomized, multicenter, crossover non-inferiority study, 37 male intermittent catheter users self-catheterized three times with the test catheter on one test day and three times with the standard-length male (reference) catheter on another test day. Residual urine (RU) volume in the bladder after catheterization was measured by ultrasound. Safety was assessed in the entire study period in terms of adverse events (AEs) and adverse device events (ADEs). Subjects evaluated their experience, sensation, disposal, bleeding and discomfort with the test and reference catheters and final catheter preference. Results: SpeediCath Compact Male did not differ from the reference catheter in terms of performance (bladder emptying). The upper confidence limit of the mean difference between absolute RU volumes for the test and reference catheter groups did not exceed a pre-established non-inferiority limit of 20 ml, thereby showing the test catheter's non-inferiority to the reference catheter (that is, no worse at bladder emptying). The only AE/ADE reported was one instance of mild urethral burning for 30 min after catheterization, which was judged possibly related to the test catheter but resolved quickly. Conclusions: The SpeediCath Compact Male catheter is as efficient as a conventional intermittent catheter (SpeediCath) at emptying the bladder with the additional benefit of being more discreet and easier to use.

Introduction and hypothesis The purpose of this study was to determine if a clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) instructional video could improve anxiety in women undergoing prolapse and/or incontinence surgery. Methods A total of 199 women were randomized to preoperative CISC video or routine counseling prior to prolapse/incontinence surgery. Patient anxiety, satisfaction, and concerns about CISC were evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) and study-specific visual analog scale (VAS) questions at four perioperative time points. Results STAI-S and VAS anxiety measures were similar at baseline between groups; no significant differences were seen by group at any time point. STAI-S scores varied considerably over time, with highest scores at voiding trial failure and lowest scores at postoperative visit. Women in the video group had improved STAI-S scores and reported less worry and more comfort with CISC immediately following video viewing. Women with anxiety/depression had higher STAI-S scores at voiding trial failure and discharge and reported less anxiety reduction following video viewing compared to non-anxious/non-depressed peers. Conclusions Women undergoing prolapse/incontinence surgery have significant perioperative anxiety, which is exacerbated by voiding trial failure. Preoperative CISC video viewing decreases anxiety scores immediately following viewing, but this effect is not sustained at voiding trial failure. Women with baseline anxiety/depression exhibit less anxiety score improvement after video viewing and have overall higher anxiety scores perioperatively.

Study design: Interventional, multi-center, open-label, randomized and crossover study. Objectives: The study objectives were to describe the current catheterization habits of the French neurogenic bladder patients using intermittent catheterization (IC), and to evaluate the ease of use, reliability and patients’ comfort and patients’ acceptance of the new ‘no-touch’, presumably easy-to-use VaPro catheter. Setting: Patients were recruited from 11 centers in France. Methods: In total, 106 men and women (age 18–65 years) with neurogenic bladder using IC at least four times a day were randomized into two groups. All subjects were trained to use the approved ‘no-touch’ method. A questionnaire evaluating patients’ experiences was distributed before the start of the trial and after each 15-day period of catheter use, that is, VaPro vs conventional catheter. Results: The majority of patients in this French IC user panel had very strong catheterization habits: 2/3 of them had been using IC for ⩾2 years with high ease of use and comfort. Nevertheless, >50% of patients would recommend the VaPro catheter to other people who need IC. More than three out of four patients felt confident and more secure with the new catheter. Men and spinal cord injury (SCI) patients were significantly more positive about the VaPro catheter than women and patients without SCI, respectively. Conclusion: The VaPro catheter is an acceptable and reliable alternative to the existing hydrophilic-coated ‘no-touch’ catheter. Sponsorship: This study was sponsored by Hollister France Inc.

Study design: Self-catheterising males aged ⩾18 years with spinal cord lesion and normal/impaired urethral sensation were enrolled in this comparative, randomised, crossover and open-labelled multicentre trial. Objectives: When possible, intermittent catheterisation is the preferred method of bladder emptying for neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Hydrophilic-coated catheters have improved safety and ease of use, and a new compact catheter for men has been developed to improve discretion. Methods: Participants self-catheterised at least four times daily for 14 days with a standard or compact catheter. The primary outcome measure was discomfort, using a visual analogue scale. Non-inferiority was defined as a difference in mean discomfort score of <0.9 cm. Other assessments included ease of use, discretion and the degree of pain, stinging or resistance. Results: A total of 36 individuals participated and 30 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. The mean difference between catheters for participant discomfort was −0.347 cm (95% confidence intervals: −1.493, 0.800). There were significant differences ( P ⩽0.0001) in favour of the compact catheter for disposal and discretion, and inserting, storing, carrying and controlling the catheter. Fewer participants experienced resistance with the compact catheter. Participants were less likely to touch the coated part of the compact catheter. One adverse event was reported for each catheter. Conclusions: The coated compact catheter is at least as acceptable to the user as the standard catheter, with no inferiority observed in the level of discomfort. Secondary endpoints suggest that there are advantages of using the compact catheter, particularly with regard to discretion and ease of use. Setting: France/Denmark.

Background Intermittent urethral catheter clamping is widely used to reduce secondary catheterization in patients after proctectomy; however, its effectiveness is unclear. Materials and methods This study investigated the effects of intermittent catheter clamping combined with active urination training (ICCAUT) on postoperative urinary dysfunction in patients after proctectomy. This retrospective cohort study analyzed data on patients who underwent laparoscopic/robotic-assisted proctectomy at a single medical center in China between July 2023 and January 2024. Methods Patients received ICCAUT or free urinary drainage during the indwelling urethral catheter period after surgery. Data from the ICCAUT and free-drainage groups were compared. The primary outcome measure was urinary dysfunction. The secondary outcomes were urinary tract infections, time to first void after catheter removal, and urine volume during first voiding. Propensity-score matching (PSM), inverse probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW), and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with urinary dysfunction. Results Among 360 eligible patients, 173 received a free-drainage strategy and 187 received ICCAUT. The incidence of urinary dysfunction was 52.5% overall and was significantly lower in the ICCAUT group than in the free-drainage group (45.1% vs. 59.4%; p  = 0.009). The lower incidence of urinary dysfunction in the ICCAUT group was confirmed in the PSM (44.7% vs. 59.3%; p  = 0.03) and IPTW (44.5% vs. 57.1%; p  = 0.028) analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that ICCAUT was independently associated with a lower risk of urinary dysfunction (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34–0.89; p  = 0.015). Subgroup analysis found that, compared with female patients, male patients are more likely to benefit from the ICCAUT strategy ( p for interaction = 0.029; adjusted OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.17–0.62; p  < 0.001). The ICCAUT strategy did not significantly increase the risk of urinary tract infection ( p  = 0.349). Conclusions The ICCAUT strategy may benefit the recovery of urinary function after proctectomy, especially for male patients. ICCAUT showed an independent association with a lower risk of urinary dysfunction and UTI, with urinary tract infection comparable to that of the free-drainage strategy.

Myelomeningocele is the most severe form of spina bifida. Management of urologic consequences of spina bifida is life long, demanding and costly for both the patient and the public health system. There is a paucity of data in the literature regarding concentration defects and their consequences on this disease. This paper aims to describe retrospectively the effect of early onset clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) in on the severity of urinary concentration defects in myelomeningocele patients with neurogenic bladder in a retrospective observational study. In this 10-year retrospective cohort study, children with myelomeningocele were selected with the Convenience sampling method. Demographic characteristics, polyuria index ratio (PIR) defined as 24 hour urine output of each patient divided by the maximum normal urine output of the same patient in a healthy state, and nocturnal polyuria index (NPI) were compared between early starters (< 2 years old) or late starters (≥ 2 years old) groups. Seven patients who underwent cystoplasty were excluded and 130 patients (63.8% male, 5.4 ± 3.2 years old, 14.3 ± 2.83 Kg, 28.5% early onset CIC) were investigated. PIR > 1 in inset (1.7 ± 0.2 vs. 2.2 ± 0.5, P = 0.021) and outset (1.5 ± 0.32 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7, P = 0.004) were lower in early starters group than in late starters group. NPI in inset (0.2 ± 0.007 vs. 0.32 ± 0.10, P = 0.018) and outset (0.25 ± 0.15 vs. 0.42 ± 0.095, P = 0.007) were also lower in the early starters group. No further adverse events were reported during the follow-up period. Early onset CIC is more effective than late-onset CIC in preserving the urinary ability of kidneys in myelomeningocele patients.

Intermittent catheterization is the insertion and removal of a catheter several times a day to empty the bladder. This type of catheterization Is used to drain urine from a bladder that is not emptying adequately or from a surgically created channel that connects the bladder with the abdominal surface (such as Mitrofanoff continent urinary diversion). Intermittent catheterization is widely advocated as an effective bladder management strategy for patients with incomplete bladder emptying due to idiopathic or neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Urologic nurses are at the forefront of educating and teaching patients how to self-catheterize. Catheterizations performed in institutions, such as acute and rehabilitation hospitals and nursing homes, are done aseptically. Historically, however, intermittent catheterization has been performed by the patient in the home environment using a clean technique involving the re-use of catheters. New guidelines released in the past three years have recommended changes to the practice of re-using catheters. Currently, nurses use their clinical judgment to determine which technique and type of catheter to use, in conjunction with patient preference. Differential costs and insurance coverage of catheters/echniques may also influence decision making. The authors provide an overview of the indications, use, and complications associated with intermittent catheterization, present current guidelines on self-catheterization and treatment of catheter-associated complications, detail types of catheters, and review clinical practice of intermittent catheterization.

Study design: Retrospective review of medical notes. Objective: To evaluate spinal cord injury (SCI) patients’ compliance with bladder emptying method at long-term period after discharge and determine the frequency of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation unit of tertiary research hospital. Methods: Bladder management method of 164 new spinal cord injured patients were noted at discharge from rehabilitation center and follow-up. Patients were questioned whether they continued the initial bladder emtying method at follow-up, reasons for discontinuation and the history of treated UTIs. Results: The most common bladder management method at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation center was clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) (63.4%). At follow-up 42% of the patients who used CIC changed their bladder emptying method. Rate of reverting to urethral indwelling catheter (IC) was 21.4%. Reasons for the patients who switched to IC application were recurrent UTIs, incontinence, nephrolithiasis, dependence on care givers and urethral strictures. For all patients, the frequency of treated UTI in 1 year was 38.8%. The number of UTIs were highest in patients using IC. Conclusion: Many factors, including urological complications, patient’s preference, living environment, life-style and level of injury should be considered in deciding the method of bladder management in SCI patients. The CIC is a reliable and effective method in selected SCI patients. Despite changes in bladder emptying method, CIC was the most preferred method at long-term follow-up. Education of patients on catheterization technique and periodic follow-up is necessary to maintain patient compliance.