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Investing in the Sustainable Development Goals: Mobilization, channeling, and impact
Global investment in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is falling short of the target to close the $2.5 trillion annual financing gap for developing countries. The COVID-19 shock has exacerbated existing constraints for the SDGs and may undo the progress made in he last 6 years in SDG investment. This poses a risk to delivering on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This paper assesses the global trends in both investing in and financing the SDGs, including the myriad of financing instruments launched to respond to the COVID-19 health crisis and its economic and social impacts. It analyses the main challenges for mobilizing funds, channeling investment into SDG sectors, and maximizing positive impact, as well as regulatory dilemmas in promoting SDG investment. The article then elaborates on a set of policy measures for accelerating investment in the SDGs, including four principles for guiding private sector investment, mainstreaming the SDGs into national and international investment policies and promotion strategies, harnessing financial instruments for sustainable development, building special SDGs model zones, and promoting better ESG standards, compliance, and reporting.
Journal Article
Solving the climate crisis : frontline reports from the race to save the Earth
\"Solving the Climate Crisis is a critical resource that makes a believable and detailed case that there is a path forward to save our environment. Using today's technology and without presuming a dramatically different sociopolitical reality from the one in which we already live, the book focuses on three essential areas for action: the technological dimension: move to 100% clean renewable energy as fast as we possibly can; the ecological dimension: enhance and protect natural ecosystems (protect, restore, and plant forests, and alter how we grow, process, and consume food); the social dimension: updating and creating new laws, policies and economic measures, and recentering human values. Based on more than 6 years of research, Berger traveled the nation and abroad to interview governors, mayors, ranchers, scientists, engineers, business leaders, energy experts, and financiers as well as carbon farmers, solar and wind innovators, forest protectors, non-profit leaders, and activists. With real world examples, an explanation of cutting-edge technologies in solar and wind, and political organizing tactics, Solving the Climate Crisis provides a practical road map for how we effectively combat climate change. Replacing the fossil-fuel system with a newly invigorated, modernized, clean-energy economy will produce tens of millions of new jobs and save trillions of dollars. Protecting the climate is thus potentially the greatest economic opportunity of our time\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Cities for Profit
Cities for Profit examines the phenomenon of urban real estate megaprojects in Asia—massive, privately built planned urban developments that have captured the imagination of politicians, policymakers, and citizens across the region. These controversial projects, embraced by elites, occasion massive displacement and have extensive social and economic impacts. Gavin Shatkin finds commonalities and similarities in dozens of such projects in Jakarta, Kolkata, and Chongqing. Shatkin is at the vanguard of urban studies in his focus on real estate. Just as cities are increasingly defined and remapped according to the value of the land under their residents' feet, the lives of city dwellers are shaped and constrained by their ability to keep up with rising costs of urban life. Scholars and policy and planning professionals alike will benefit from Shatkin's comprehensive research. Cities for Profit contains insights from more than 150 interviews, site visits to projects, and data from government and nongovernmental organization reports and data, urban plans, architectural renderings, annual reports and promotional materials of developers, and newspaper and other media accounts.
eBook
Austerity : the great failure
Austerity is at the centre of political debates today. This book puts these debates in perspective by exploring the long history of austerity - a popular idea that lives on despite a track record of dismal failure.
Book
Expanding the international trade and investment policy agenda: The role of cities and services
We explore the public policy implications of two new, significant, and inter-related global phenomena. First, the rising share of services, particularly innovation-driven digital and knowledge-based services, in foreign trade and multinational enterprise activity; and second, the increasingly important role of global cities as home and hosts to these activities. Our framework distinguishes between national economic policies to promote trade and FDI, referred to as economic diplomacy, and comparable policies originating in cities, referred to as city diplomacy. National economic diplomacy has traditionally promoted trade and investment in goods, often through trade agreements and promotion agencies, and we explore the limitations of these tools as trade in services becomes more important. However, we also note that trade in services, particularly innovation-driven services, is concentrated in global cities, and traded between them, often within MNEs. We conclude that national policies on trade and investment cannot be divorced from innovation and knowledge strategies, and that these strategies cannot be divorced from cities. We emphasize that national economic diplomacy should be better aligned with city diplomacy. We also discuss how the transition to stronger city diplomacy may have consequences for firms and their strategies for corporate diplomacy.
Journal Article
China as a global clean energy champion : lifting the veil
\"This book considers China's role as a rising champion of clean energy and document the policy decisions and actions which have underpinned this evolution. It considers the construction of the world's largest fleets of advanced coal-fired power stations, wind farms and solar photovoltaic arrays, examines sustained efforts to reduce national GDP intensities of energy and CO2 emissions, and assesses the rhetoric of government announcements on national policy and international commitments, including the Thirteenth Five-year Plan for Energy (2016-2020). The book notably considers the factors that have supported these achievements, including the availability of large amounts of capital, the role of state-owned companies with soft budgetary constraints, and many forms of indirect support from local governments. It also explores the obstacles to reaching the formal goals of reducing air pollution and CO2 emissions as well as the costs and unintended consequences of these policies, and identifies those parts of the energy supply chain where the governance of energy has been less effective in terms of energy efficiency and environmental protection.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Geopolitical alignment, outside options, and inward FDI: an integrated framework and policy pathways
This paper examines the interplay of geopolitics, multinational enterprise (MNE) strategies, and host-country policies in shaping foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. We move beyond the traditional focus on MNE decisions by incorporating insights from international relations theory to analyze how geopolitical alignment influences MNE global strategies and host-country policy responses. We develop a framework that considers three main dimensions related to home and host countries: their political alignment, which affects their respective availability of outside options, and the technology gap between them and the political system in the host country. On this basis, we explore the dynamic interplay between international geopolitical agendas, MNE investment strategies, and local investment promotion agency (IPA) policy choices. Our analysis shows that while home–host geopolitical alignment can facilitate FDI and simplify policy choices, particularly in democracies, the absence of alignment necessitates a more nuanced IPA response. Our research indicates that IPA policies must consider geopolitical alignment, benefits distribution across various stakeholders, and the need to foster embeddedness and long-term engagement.
Journal Article