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"Invisibility."
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Stability dependence of canopy flows over a flat larch forest
The dependence on atmospheric stability of flow characteristics adjacent to a very rough surface was investigated in a larch forest in Japan. Micrometeorological measurements of three-dimensional wind velocity and air temperature were taken at two heights above the forest, namely 1.7 and 1.2 times the mean canopy height h. Under near-neutral and stable conditions, the observed turbulence statistics suggest that the flow was likely to be that of the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) at 1.7h, and of the roughness sublayer (RSL) at 1.2h. However, in turbulence spectra, canopy-induced large coherent motions appeared clearly at both heights. Even under strongly stable conditions, the large-scale motions were retained at 1.2h, whereas they were overwhelmed by small-scale motions at 1.7h. This phenomenon was probably due to the enhanced contribution of the ASL turbulence associated with nocturnal decay of the RSL depth, because the small-scale motions appeared at frequencies close to the peak frequencies of well-known ASL spectra. This result supports the relatively recent concept that canopy flow is a superimposition of coherent motions and the ASL turbulence. The large-scale motions were retained in temperature spectra over a wider region of stability compared to streamwise wind spectra, suggesting that a canopy effect extended higher up for temperature than wind. The streamwise spacing of dominant eddies according to the plane mixing-layer analogy was only valid in a narrow range at near neutral, and it was stabilised at nearly half its value under stable conditions. Keywords Canopy flow * Coherent motion * Stability dependence * Turbulence
Journal Article
Invisibility in visual and material culture
The essays in 'Invisibility in Visual and Material Culture' contribute pioneering and revelatory insights into the phenomenon of invisibility, forging new and multi-disciplinary approaches at the intersection of aesthetics, technology, representation and politics. Importantly, they acknowledge the complex interaction between invisibility and its opposite, visibility, arguing that the one cannot be fully grasped without the other. Considering these entanglements across different media forms, the chapters reveal that the invisible affects many cultural domains, from digital communication and operative images to the activism of social movements, as well as to identity, race, gender and class issues. Whether the subject is comic books, photographic provocations, biometric and brainwave sensing technologies, letters, or a cinematic diary, the analyses in this book engage critically and theoretically with the topic of invisibility and thus represent the first scholarly study to identify its importance for the field of visual culture.
Book
Generalised Weyl and Weyl type theorems for algebraically k.sup.-paranormal operators
If [lambda] is a nonzero isolated point of the spectrum of [k.sup.*]-paranormal operator T for a positive integer fc, then the Riesz idempotent operator E of T with respect to [lambda] satisfies [E.sub.[lambda]] H = ker(T - [lambda]) = ker[(T - [lambda]).sup.*] and [E.sub.[lambda]] is self-adjoint. We prove that if T is an algebraically [k.sup.*]-paranormal operator for a positive integer fc, then spectral mapping theorem and spectral mapping theorem for essential approximate point spectrum hold for T, Generalised Weyl's theorem holds for T and other Weyl type theorems are discussed.
Journal Article
The physics of invisibility : a story of light and deception
\"Arthur C. Clarke famously wrote that, 'any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.' These words most certainly ring true with respect to invisibility cloaking devices. At work is the magic of science, of course. The technology to make an object simply disappear from view is now a reality. There is both great fear and great desire in the thought of invisibility. Indeed, for thousands of years, authors have grappled with the idea. Power, devilry, secrecy, ethical dilemma, and moral corruption - invisibility has it all. And yet, our waking world is full of familiar invisible phenomena. Electricity flowing along a metal wire, the gravity that keeps us grounded, the air we breathe, the bacteria and viruses that make us ill, the X-rays that reveal our broken bones - all are invisible to our eyes. They surround and envelop us, and we don't give them a second thought. Nature long ago learned how to play tricks with light rays, enriching the world with rainbows, mirages, and animal camouflage. The new physics of invisibility simply aims to take these tricks of nature a few steps further. Indeed, by learning what light is and how it interacts with matter, physicists have begun to take control of light - with metamaterials, which, man made, can be precisely melded, warped, twisted, transformed, and even time-edited. In this book the ancient and modern story of light and invisibility is revealed, from early Greek speculations to the remarkable works of James Clerk Maxwell. The new and burgeoning field of transformation optics is also explored, and the story behind the development of the first fully functional invisibility cloak is charted\"--P. [4] of cover.
Book
Making the Invisible Visible: Acts of Commission and Omission
Social psychological theorizing on prejudice and discrimination, which largely focuses on tangible or verifiable content of people's thoughts, feelings, and actions toward a group (what we term commissions), falls short in capturing the nature of prejudice and discrimination directed toward Native Americans. Utilizing the literature on the prevalence, content, and consequences of representations of Native Americans, we argue that aspects of the world that are invisible or intentionally left out of the public conscious, what we refer to as omissions, hold important meaning for both Native and non-Native individuals. We propose that a framework of bias that incorporates both omissions and commissions will enrich our understanding of bias, prejudice, and discrimination and better elucidate the experiences of groups that are historically underrepresented and underserved by social science.
Journal Article
Has anyone seen Jessica Jenkins?
Manifesting an ability to become invisible, Jessica, along with her best friend Izzy, organizes a band of fellow students who also demonstrate supernatural abilities only to be targeted by an unscrupulous adult.
Book
A Sociology of Nothing
Nothing is a sociologically neglected terrain, comprising negatively defined phenomena, such as non-identification, non-participation and non-presence. Nevertheless, these symbolic social objects are created and managed through meaningful social interaction. Nothing is accomplished either by active commission (doing/being a non-something) or by passive omission (not-doing/not-being something). I explore these dichotomous forms through four dimensions of negative social space: non-identity; inactivity; absence; and silence. Paradoxically, nothing is always productive of something: other symbolic objects come into being through the apprehension of phantoms, imaginaries, replacements and alternatives, which generate further constitutive meanings. A sociological analysis illuminates these processes, revealing how much nothing matters.
Journal Article
In/Visibility of Flight
In/Visibility is unequally distributed in society and closely related to the distribution of power and privilege. Using images and narratives to mobilize is part of political strategies. The relationship of in/visibility and migration is the guiding question for this edited volume. The chapters discuss multidisciplinary perspectives and factors that contribute to the visibility of forced migration beyond a policy-centered discourse. They focus on the voices and agency of refugees in different countries and contexts. By including research, practical experiences and artistic methods, the volume will be of interest to readers from different academic disciplines and the arts as well as to practitioners.
eBook