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"Invisible Web."
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Weaving the dark web : legitimacy on Freenet, Tor, and I2P
\"This book explores the Dark Web--sites that must be accessed through special routers designed to protect the anonymity of visitors and publishers. Avoiding sensationalist definitions that conflate the Dark Web with illicit activity or \"deep layers\" that search engines cannot crawl, Gehl focuses on anonymity and encryption as the key differences between the Dark Web and the everyday \"Clear Web\" on which both users and publishers are tracked and identified. Gehl focuses here on Dark Web systems -- Freenet, I2P, and Tor -- to reveal the wide range of activities, many of them perfectly legal and socially enlightened, that the Dark Web supports. Despite its various uses, the question of legitimacy is an essential one: who needs the Dark Web and why? To answer these questions, this book shares the perspectives of the Dark Web's creators, users, and publishers, and proposes an original theory of media legitimacy as it relates to state power, organizational propriety, and authenticity\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Weaving the Dark Web
An exploration of the Dark Web—websites accessible only with special routing software—that examines the history of three anonymizing networks, Freenet, Tor, and I2P.
The term “Dark Web” conjures up drug markets, unregulated gun sales, stolen credit cards. But, as Robert Gehl points out in Weaving the Dark Web, for each of these illegitimate uses, there are other, legitimate ones: the New York Times's anonymous whistleblowing system, for example, and the use of encryption by political dissidents. Defining the Dark Web straightforwardly as websites that can be accessed only with special routing software, and noting the frequent use of “legitimate” and its variations by users, journalists, and law enforcement to describe Dark Web practices (judging them “legit” or “sh!t”), Gehl uses the concept of legitimacy as a window into the Dark Web. He does so by examining the history of three Dark Web systems: Freenet, Tor, and I2P.
Gehl presents three distinct meanings of legitimate: legitimate force, or the state's claim to a monopoly on violence; organizational propriety; and authenticity. He explores how Freenet, Tor, and I2P grappled with these different meanings, and then discusses each form of legitimacy in detail by examining Dark Web markets, search engines, and social networking sites. Finally, taking a broader view of the Dark Web, Gehl argues for the value of anonymous political speech in a time of ubiquitous surveillance. If we shut down the Dark Web, he argues, we lose a valuable channel for dissent.
eBook
Casting light on the dark web : a guide for safe exploration
\"This book is an easy-to-read and comprehensive guide to understanding how the Dark Web works and why you should be using it! Readers are led on a tour from how to download the platform for personal or public use, to how it can best be utilized for finding information. This guide busts myths and informs readers, remaining jargon-free\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Exploring the academic invisible web
Purpose - The purpose of this article is to provide a critical review of Bergman's study on the deep web. In addition, this study brings a new concept into the discussion, the academic invisible web (AIW). The paper defines the academic invisible web as consisting of all databases and collections relevant to academia but not searchable by the general-purpose internet search engines. Indexing this part of the invisible web is central to scientific search engines. This paper provides an overview of approaches followed thus far.Design methodology approach - Provides a discussion of measures and calculations, estimation based on informetric laws. Also gives a literature review on approaches for uncovering information from the invisible web.Findings - Bergman's size estimate of the invisible web is highly questionable. This paper demonstrates some major errors in the conceptual design of the Bergman paper. A new (raw) size estimate is given.Research limitations implications - The precision of this estimate is limited due to a small sample size and lack of reliable data.Practical implications - This study can show that no single library alone will be able to index the academic invisible web. The study suggests a collaboration to accomplish this task.Originality value - Provides library managers and those interested in developing academic search engines with data on the size and attributes of the academic invisible web.
Journal Article
Cryptomarkets: A Research Companion
Since the launch of the infamous Silk Road the use of cryptomarkets - illicit markets for drugs on the dark web - has expanded rapidly around the world. Cryptomarkets: A Research Companionis a detailed guidebook which offers the tools necessary to begin researching cryptomarket phenomena and the dark web trade in illicit drugs.
eBook
DARK WEB − AS CHALLENGE OF THE CONTEMPORARY INFORMATION AGE
Reconnaissance and monitoring activities of actors on the Internet are becoming indispensable security tools for governments around the world. The Deep Web as part of the Internet protects actors. However, cheap and reliable encryption and online identity protection have become attractive to state and non-state actors in the cyber domain. Unfortunately, part of the Deep Web, the Dark Web is now offering to training terrorists, and trading arms and illicit substances. The Dark Web represents a communication and information systems infrastructure where actors are anonymous and the services are adaptable to the demands of geopolitical circumstances. This paper analyzes the ways of using the Dark Web and its impact on the information environment since the global war on terrorism began, through a period when humanity struggled with Covid-19 pandemic to the war in Ukraine.
Journal Article
A Geographic Analysis of Drug Trafficking Patterns on the TOR Network
As globalization processes continue to impact patterns in drug-trafficking operations worldwide, a cyber-based dimension of the drug trade has recently emerged via the Tor Network. This study employed geovisualization and exploratory spatial data analysis to examine drug distributions of heroin, cocaine, new psychoactive substances, and prescription drugs advertised on Agora, the largest international marketplace on the Tor Network at the time of data collection. Data were collected using webcrawling software and mapped to determine the presence of statistical outliers internationally or hotspots within Europe. Global Moran's I testing revealed that drugs sourced from Europe were randomly distributed. Box maps confirmed the visual analysis that six countries (including Canada and the United States) dominated world listings across the four drug types. Globally, heroin and cocaine markets were found to be almost exclusively retail based, while new psychoactive substances and prescription drugs were sold from countries with established pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Journal Article
COMUNICACIÓN INVISIBLE.NET, DIRECTORIO TEMÁTICO DE ESTUDIOS FÍLMICOS
Se presenta Comunicación invisible.net, un directorio temático especializado en el campo de los estudios fílmicos. Diseñado específicamente para la investigación, enseñanza y aprendizaje virtual de la comunidad académica y profesional, describe, clasifica y proporciona acceso a la consulta de bases de datos de contenido abierto disponibles en la Web, considerando especialmente la calidad de su contenido, accesibilidad y usabilidad. Para una selección adecuada de los contenidos se ha realizado una encuesta a docentes, investigadores y profesionales de la comunicación audiovisual y cinematografía.
Journal Article
Darknet
This collaborative research project allows for fundamental advances not only in the understanding of the phenomena but also in the development of practical calculation methods that can be used by engineers.
eBook