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The paranoid style in American diplomacy : oil and Arab nationalism in Iraq
A new history of Middle East oil and the deep roots of American violence in Iraq.
Iraq has been the site of some of the United States' longest and most sustained military campaigns since the Vietnam War. Yet the origins of US involvement in the country remain deeply obscured—cloaked behind platitudes about advancing democracy or vague notions of American national interests. With this book, Brandon Wolfe-Hunnicutt exposes the origins and deep history of US intervention in Iraq.
The Paranoid Style in American Diplomacy weaves together histories of Arab nationalists, US diplomats, and Western oil execs to tell the parallel stories of the Iraq Petroleum Company and the resilience of Iraqi society. Drawing on new evidence—the private records of the IPC, interviews with key figures in Arab oil politics, and recently declassified US government documents—Wolfe-Hunnicutt covers the arc of the twentieth century, from the pre-WWI origins of the IPC consortium and decline of British Empire, to the beginnings of covert US action in the region, and ultimately the nationalization of the Iraqi oil industry and perils of postcolonial politics.
American policy makers of the Cold War era inherited the imperial anxieties of their British forebears and inflated concerns about access to and potential scarcity of oil, giving rise to a \"paranoid style\" in US foreign policy. Wolfe-Hunnicutt deconstructs these policy practices to reveal how they fueled decades of American interventions in the region and shines a light on those places that America's covert empire builders might prefer we not look.
eBook
The Legacy of Iraq
The Legacy of Iraq critically reflects on the abject failure of the 2003 intervention to turn Iraq into a liberal democracy, underpinned by free-market capitalism, its citizens free to live in peace and prosperity. It argues that mistakes made by the coalition and the Iraqi political elite set a sequence of events in motion that have had devastating consequences for Iraq, the Middle East and for the rest of the world. Today, as the nation faces perhaps its greatest challenge in the wake of the devastating advance of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and another US-led coalition undertakes renewed military action in Iraq, understanding the complex and difficult legacies of the 2003 war could not be more urgent. Ignoring the legacies of the Iraq war and denying their connection to contemporary events couldmeans that vital lessonsare ignored and the same mistakes made again.
eBook
Building the Nation
emBuilding the Nation/em draws from foreign-policy reports and interviews with U.S. military officers to investigate recent U.S.-led efforts to \"nation-build\" in Iraq and Afghanistan. Heather Selma Gregg argues that efforts to nation-build in both countries focused more on what should be called state-building, or how to establish a government, rule of law, security forces, and a viable economy. Considerably less attention was paid to what might emtruly/em be called nation-building-the process of developing a sense of shared identity, purpose, and destiny among a population within a state's borders and popular support for the state and its government. According to Gregg, efforts to stabilize states in the modern world require two key factors largely overlooked in Iraq and Afghanistan: popular involvement in the process of rebuilding the state that gives the population ownership of the process and its results and efforts to foster and strengthen national unity. Gregg offers a hypothetical look at how the United States and its allies could have used a population-centric approach to build viable states in Iraq and Afghanistan, focusing on initiatives that would have given the population buy-in and agency. Moving forward, Gregg proposes a six-step program for state and nation-building in the twenty-first century, stressing that these efforts are as much about emhow/em state-building is done as they are about specific goals or programs.
eBook
A poisonous affair : America, Iraq, and the gassing of Halabja
In March 1988, during the Iran-Iraq war, thousands were killed in a chemical attack on a remote town in Iraqi Kurdistan. In the aftermath of the horror, confusion reigned over who had carried it out. This text, by a veteran observer of human rights in the Middle East, tells the story of the gassing of Halabja.
Book
The united states and iraq since 1990
This book offers a concise history of US policy in Iraq since 1990 and how it has evolved over two decades.
* Examines US relations with Iraq from both a regional and international perspective
* Argues that the only way to clearly understand US policy toward Iraq is to see it in its proper historical context and within a transnational framework
* Uses recently declassified documents at the end of each chapter to illustrate US decision-making in the wars for Iraq
* Addresses the importance of the changing domestic climate surrounding two decades
eBook
Channels of Power
When President George W. Bush launched an invasion of Iraq in
March of 2003, he did so without the explicit approval of the
Security Council. His father's administration, by contrast,
carefully funneled statecraft through the United Nations and
achieved Council authorization for the U.S.-led Gulf War in 1991.
The history of American policy toward Iraq displays considerable
variation in the extent to which policies were conducted through
the UN and other international organizations.
In Channels of Power, Alexander Thompson surveys U.S. policy
toward Iraq, starting with the Gulf War, continuing through the
interwar years of sanctions and coercive disarmament, and
concluding with the 2003 invasion and its long aftermath. He offers
a framework for understanding why powerful states often work
through international organizations when conducting coercive
policies-and why they sometimes choose instead to work alone or
with ad hoc coalitions. The conventional wisdom holds that because
having legitimacy for their actions is important for normative
reasons, states seek multilateral approval. Channels of Power
offers a rationalist alternative to these standard legitimation
arguments, one based on the notion of strategic information
transmission: When state actions are endorsed by an independent
organization, this sends politically crucial information to the
world community, both leaders and their publics, and results in
greater international support.
When President George W. Bush launched an invasion of Iraq in
March of 2003, he did so without the explicit approval of the
Security Council. His father's administration, by contrast,
carefully funneled statecraft through the United Nations and
achieved Council authorization for the U.S.-led Gulf War in 1991.
The history of American policy toward Iraq displays considerable
variation in the extent to which policies were conducted through
the UN and other international organizations.In Channels of
Power , Alexander Thompson surveys U.S. policy toward Iraq,
starting with the Gulf War, continuing through the interwar years
of sanctions and coercive disarmament, and concluding with the 2003
invasion and its long aftermath. He offers a framework for
understanding why powerful states often work through international
organizations when conducting coercive policies-and why they
sometimes choose instead to work alone or with ad hoc coalitions.
The conventional wisdom holds that because having legitimacy for
their actions is important for normative reasons, states seek
multilateral approval. Channels of Power offers a
rationalist alternative to these standard legitimation arguments,
one based on the notion of strategic information transmission: When
state actions are endorsed by an independent organization, this
sends politically crucial information to the world community, both
leaders and their publics, and results in greater international
support.
eBook