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"Iris"
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Iris freckle: a distinct entity
PurposeTo report distinctive clinical and imaging features of iris freckles to differentiate them from iris nevi.DesignRetrospective observational study.Subjects53 patients (277 freckles) with incidental iris freckles and 102 patients (104 nevi) with iris nevi that are either clinically stable or pathologically confirmed.MethodsPatient data were collected from the Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cole Eye Institute database (2012–2023). Lesion characteristics were recorded from slit-lamp examination descriptions and review of colour photographs. Ancillary imaging features observed using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) were assessed in patients (where available).Main outcome measuresComparison of clinical and imaging features of iris freckles and iris nevi.ResultsA total of 277 iris freckles and 104 iris nevi were analysed. Iris freckles were more frequently bilateral (17%; nevi 0%) and multiple (69%; nevi 2%) and located centrally (89%; nevi 17%) compared with iris nevi (p<0.001). The median freckle largest basal diameter and thickness were 0.8 mm (nevi; 2.1 mm, p<0.001) and 0.04 mm (nevi 1.0 mm, p<0.001), respectively. All iris freckles had irregular margins without any secondary effects compared with iris nevi. Iris freckles appeared flat without effacement of iris folds compared with iris nevi on AS-OCT (p<0.001). Iris freckles were not detectable by UBM. Heat map revealed that freckles demonstrated several features with uniform or near uniform values, whereas nevi demonstrated more variability in values across features.ConclusionsIris freckles exhibit specific clinical and imaging features reflective of their characteristic histological composition that support their classification as a distinct entity within the spectrum of iris pigmented lesions.
Journal Article
نزهة فلسفية في غابة الأدب : حوارية بين الروائية الفيلسوفة آيريس مردوخ والفيلسوف بريان ماغي
العلاقة بين الفلسفة والأدب علاقة وثقى نشهدها في التضمينات الفلسفية في الكثير من المنتجات الأدبية لبعض أعاظم الكتاب، ونعرف أن بعض الكتاب كانوا أنفسهم فلاسفة محترفين، والأمثلة في ذلك كثيرة ؛ غير أن طبيعة العلاقة وحدودها بين الأدب والفلسفة ظلت حقلا إشكاليا منذ العصر الإغريقي وحتى يومنا هذا. يسرني أن أقدم ترجمة للحوارية الرائعة عن طبيعة العلاقة بين الأدب والفلسفة والتي عقدها الفيلسوف البريطاني الشهير (بريان ماغي Bryan Magee) مع الروائية-الفيلسوفة الراحلة (آيريس مردوخ Iris Murdoch)، وقد سبق لي تناول جوانب من فكر هذه الفيلسوفة المميزة في حوار سابق منشور في المدى ؛ أما بالنسبة إلى (بريان ماغي) فهو فيلسوف، وسياسي، وشاعر، وكاتب، ومقدم برامج بريطاني ولد عام 1930 ويعرف عنه مساهماته الكبيرة في ميدان تقديم الفلسفة إلى العامة وجعلها مادة تحظى بالمتابعة الجماهيرية القوية، وهو صاحب مؤلفات كثيرة في هذا الميدان. أذيعت هذه الحوارية على البرنامج الثقافي للتلفزيون البريطاني عام 1978. لطفية الدليمي.
Book
A novel iridoplasty suture technique to repair iris defects and traumatic mydriasis
A new iridoplasty method is described, which uses the U-suture technique to repair traumatic mydriasis and large iris defects. Two 0.9 mm opposing corneal incisions were made. The needle was inserted through the first incision, passed through the iris leaflets, and removed through the second incision. The needle was reinserted through the second incision and removed through the first incision by re-passing the needle through the iris leaflets to form a U-shaped suture. The modified Siepser technique was applied to fix the suture. Thus, with a single knot, the iris leaflets were brought closer (shrinking like a pack), fewer sutures were used and fewer gaps were left. Satisfactory aesthetic and functional results were obtained in all cases in which the technique was applied. There was no suture erosion, hypotonia, iris atrophy, or chronic inflammation during the follow-up.
Journal Article
Political responsibility refocused : thinking justice after Iris Marion Young
\"Political Responsibility Refocused explores the theoretical foundations and practical implications of individual and collective responsibility towards those who are spatially or temporally separate from us. These essays offer critical assessments of our political responsibilities on topics such as residential schools, sweatshop labour, climate change, and forms of energy generation. Inspired by the final published writings of political and social theorist Iris Marion Young, specifically her outline of a \"social connection model\" of political responsibility, the contributors assess whether there are practices, policies, and institutions that could meaningfully address these expanded political responsibilities.\"--Page [i].
Book
Retropupillary Iris-Claw Intraocular Lenses: A Literature Review
Retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lenses (ICIOLs) have been increasingly chosen by surgeons nowadays as a primary or secondary procedure of IOL implantation in eyes with insufficient capsular or zonular support. They have gained popularity due to their simple fast technique, favourable functional outcomes, and safety. The transition in the ICIOL fixation from prepupillary to a more biologically appropriate retropupillary position and change in the optic design from biconvex to convex-concave have provided better visual outcomes and improved safety. A peer-reviewed literature search was conducted in Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane Library using the keywords \"retropupillary iris claw\" and \"iris claw\". The search yielded 310 articles that were screened. Forty-three articles on retropupillary ICIOLs were finally found to be relevant and reviewed in full-text versions. The functional outcomes following retropupillary implantation of ICIOLs have been acceptable in eyes with no ocular co-morbidities otherwise. However, the indications for surgery may affect the outcomes. The major postoperative complications directly associated with ICIOLs include pupil ovalization and redislocation. Nevertheless, the rate of disenclavation depends on the experience and skill of the surgeon. This review is based on a literature review, and it focuses on the preoperative evaluation, surgical technique, postoperative outcomes, and associated complications. Prospective randomized trials with a larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed for comparison with other techniques of IOL fixation and confirmation of long-term safety profile. Keywords: iris-claw, retropupillary iris-claw, posterior iris-claw, IOL dislocation
Journal Article
Metaphysical animals : how four women brought philosophy back to life
\"A vibrant portrait of four college friends-Iris Murdoch, Philippa Foot, Elizabeth Anscombe, and Mary Midgley-who formed a new philosophical tradition while Oxford's men were away at war\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Iris Colour and the Risk of Developing Uveal Melanoma
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a global disease which especially occurs in elderly people. Its incidence varies widely between populations, with the highest incidence among Caucasians, and a South-to-North increase in Europe. As northern Europeans often have blond hair and light eyes, we wondered whether iris colour may be a predisposing factor for UM and if so, why. We compared the distribution of iris colour between Dutch UM patients and healthy Dutch controls, using data from the Rotterdam Study (RS), and reviewed the literature regarding iris colour. We describe molecular mechanisms that might explain the observed associations. When comparing a group of Dutch UM patients with controls, we observed that individuals from Caucasian ancestry with a green/hazel iris colour (Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.64, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.57–5.14) and individuals with a blue/grey iris colour (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.04–1.82) had a significantly higher crude risk of UM than those with brown eyes. According to the literature, this may be due to a difference in the function of pheomelanin (associated with a light iris colour) and eumelanin (associated with a brown iris colour). The combination of light-induced stress and aging may affect pheomelanin-carrying melanocytes in a different way than eumelanin-carrying melanocytes, increasing the risk of developing a malignancy.
Journal Article
Surgical management of acquired implantation iris cysts: indications, surgical challenges and outcomes
PurposeTo describe the clinical spectrum, clinicopathological correlation and outcomes of different surgical strategies in the management of acquired implantation iris cysts.MethodsFrom 1 January 1989 to 31 December 2015, 27 patients (27 eyes) with acquired implantation iris cysts underwent surgery. The charts were reviewed for demographics, preoperative characteristics, surgical approach, histopathological records of excised cyst and postoperative outcomes.ResultsThe median age at presentation was 5 years (IQR: 1.3–14 years). Out of 27 patients, 21 (78%) were aged≤18 years. Almost two-third (17/27, 63%) patients had history of penetrating ocular trauma prior to surgery. All patients underwent cyst aspiration combined with complete cyst excision with additional surgical procedures when necessary. Along with complete cyst excision, sector iridectomy was performed in 20/27 (74%) eyes. At a median postoperative follow-up period of 8 months (range: 1–72 months), recurrence was noted in 3/27 (11%) cases at a mean follow-up period of 2.3±1.5 months postsurgery. Eyes in which sector iridectomy was performed had lower incidence of recurrence, and this was statistically significant (p=0.03). However, the improvement in best-corrected visual acuity postoperatively was not statistically significant (p=0.15).ConclusionAcquired implantation iris cysts are associated with significant ocular morbidity. Complete excision of the cyst with sector iridectomy is an effective treatment option if other less invasive surgical approaches fail. Visual acuity can be significantly improved but is typically limited due to associated comorbidities.
Journal Article