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"Islamic fundamentalism Egypt"
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Sayyid Qutb and the Origins of Radical Islamism
Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966) was an influential Egyptian ideologue credited with establishing the theoretical basis for radical Islamism in the post colonial Sunni Muslim world. Lacking a pure understanding of the leader's life and work, the popular media has conflated Qutb's moral purpose with the aims of bin Laden and al-Qaeda. He is often portrayed as a terrorist, Islamo-Fascist, and advocate of murder. This book rescues Qutb from misrepresentation, tracing the evolution of his thought within the context of his time. An expert on social protest and political resistance in the modern Middle East, as well as Egyptian nationalism, John Calvert recounts Qutb's life from the small village in which he was raised to his execution at the behest of Abd al-Nasser's regime. His study remains sensitive to the cultural, political, social, and economic circumstances that shaped Qutb's thought-major developments that composed one of the most eventful periods in Egyptian history. These years witnessed the full flush of Britain's tutelary regime, the advent of Egyptian nationalism, and the political hegemony of the Free Officers. Qutb rubbed shoulders with Taha Husayn, Naguib Mahfouz, and Abd al-Nasser himself, though his Islamism originally had little to do with religion. Only in response to his harrowing experience in prison did Qutb come to regard Islam and kufr (infidelity) as oppositional, antithetical, and therefore mutually exclusive. Calvert shows how Qutb repackaged and reformulated the Islamic heritage to pose a challenge to authority, including those who claimed (falsely, he believed) to be Muslim.
eBook
The Road to Al-Qaeda
Written by an Egyptian human rights lawyer, it is the first English-language account of the development of tensions between violent and non-violent factions in radical Islamist movements, from the perspective of an insider. It is also a biography of one of the world's most-wanted terrorists: Egyptian-born Dr Ayman al-Zawahiri. Widely recognized as the man who will take over the leadership of Al-Qaeda after Osama bin Laden, he is also the reputed architect of the Riyadh bombings in Saudi Arabia.
The original version of this book sold widely across the Arabic world. Reproduced in translation here, with an extensive introduction from distinguished scholar Ibrahim Abu Rabi, it stands alone as an unrivalled account of the divisions within militant Islamist ideology. The author provides insight into the internal politics of Islamic Jihad, and the radicalisation of bin Laden's deputy; he examines Zawahiri's opposition to efforts by other militant Islamists to call a ceasefire with the Egyptian authorities; and he narrates the redirection of Zawahiri's activities towards the US and Israel.
As an insight into one of the key minds behind Al-Qaeda this book makes unparalleled and disturbing reading. It is an important document for anyone who seeks to understand how a minority extremist ideology came to have such an impact on world events.
eBook
Ascenso y caída de los Hermanos Musulmanes
Padre del islamismo político moderno, la cofradía de los Hermanos Musulmanes es uno de los movimientos políticos más influyentes del mundo árabe. Tras décadas de ostracismo y represión, la revolución que depuso al exdictador egipcio Hosni Mubarak en 2011 los propulsó a la cima del poder. Su ascenso fue tan fulgurante como su posterior caída. El rais islamista Mohamed Mursi, el primero elegido democráticamente en la historia de Egipto, apenas si pudo gobernar un año antes de que el Ejército diera un golpe de Estado. En unos dos años y medio, se cerraba un ciclo que volvió a situar a la cofradía en la clandestinidad. Ahora bien, esta vez la represión ha sido mucho más dura que en la era Mubarak y ha puesto en peligro su papel de eje del islamismo en la región. Camaleónicos y oscuros, los Hermanos Musulmanes forman un grupo tan fascinante como controvertido. Mientras algunos analistas los consideran un embrión del yihadismo, otros los ven como un bastión del islamismo moderado frente al terrorismo islámico.
eBook
Gushist and Qutbian Approaches to Government: A Comparative Analysis of Religious Assassination
The disciples and pseudo-followers of the religious ideologues Sayyid Qutb and Rabbi Zvi Yehudah Kook have now lived without their mentors for more than twenty-five years (in the case of Qutb) and for more than a decade (in the case of Kook). In both instances, putative \"disciples\" of these thinkers committed assassinations of the acknowledged domestic leader of a sitting goverment: Sadat in 1981 by al-Jihad al-Islami; Rabin in 1995 by Eyal. In this paper, the theories of both mentors and their ersatz disciples on the issue of violence against the sitting government will be examined for possible comparative results. Rather than finding a symmetry in these examples of Middle Eastern fundamentalist violence, the author elaborates a sharp difference between the two: one (Islam) is centered on the issue of apostasy, while the other (Judaism) is centered on the issue of communal rights and protections. Rather than providing a point for drawing similarities, fundamentalist-inspired assassination points out the differences between Israeli-Jewish and Egyptian-Islamic fundamentalisms.
Journal Article