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"Islamic tradition"
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Arabic literary salons in the Islamic Middle Ages : poetry, public performance, and the presentation of the past
Arabic literary salons emerged in ninth-century Iraq and, by the tenth, were flourishing in Baghdad and other urban centers. In an age before broadcast media and classroom education, salons were the primary source of entertainment and escape for middle- and upper-rank members of society, serving also as a space and means for educating the young. Although salons relied on a culture of oral performance from memory, scholars of Arabic literature have focused almost exclusively on the written dimensions of the tradition. That emphasis, argues Samer Ali, has neglected the interplay of oral and written, as well as of religious and secular knowledge in salon society, and the surprising ways in which these seemingly discrete categories blurred in the lived experience of participants. Looking at the period from 500 to 1250, and using methods from European medieval studies, folklore, and cultural anthropology, Ali interprets Arabic manuscripts in order to answer fundamental questions about literary salons as a social institution. He identifies salons not only as sites for socializing and educating, but as loci for performing literature and oral history; for creating and transmitting cultural identity; and for continually reinterpreting the past. A fascinating recovery of a key element of humanistic culture, Ali’s work will encourage a recasting of our understanding of verbal art, cultural memory, and daily life in medieval Arab culture.
eBook
The Promise of Piety
In The Promise of
Piety , Arsalan Khan examines the zealous
commitment to a distinct form of face-to-face preaching (dawat)
among Pakistani Tablighis, practitioners of the transnational
Islamic piety movement the Tablighi Jamaat. This group
says that Muslims have abandoned their religious duties for worldly
pursuits, creating a state of moral chaos apparent in the breakdown
of relationships in the family, nation, and global Islamic
community. Tablighis insist that this dire situation can only be
remedied by drawing Muslims back to Islam through dawat, which they
regard as the sacred means for spreading Islamic virtue. In a
country founded in the name of Muslim identity and where Islam is
ubiquitous in public life, the Tablighi claim that Pakistani
Muslims have abandoned Islam is particularly striking.
The Promise of Piety shows how Tablighis constitute a
distinct form of pious relationality in the ritual processes and
everyday practices of dawat and how pious relationality serves as a
basis for transforming domestic and public life. Khan explores both
the promise and limits of the Tablighi project of creating an
Islamic moral order that can transcend the political fragmentation
and violence of life in postcolonial Pakistan.
eBook
Islamic Divorce in the Twenty-First Century
Islamic Divorce in the 21st Century shows the wide range
of Muslim experiences in marital disputes and in seeking Islamic
divorces. For Muslims, having the ability to divorce in accordance
with Islamic law is of paramount importance. However, Muslim
experiences of divorce practice differ tremendously. The chapters
in this volume discuss Islamic divorce from West Africa to
Southeast Asia, and each story explores aspects of the everyday
realities of disputing and divorcing Muslim couples face in the
twenty-first century. The book's cross-cultural and comparative
look at Islamic divorce indicates that Muslim divorces are impacted
by global religious discourses on Islamic authority, authenticity,
and gender; by global patterns of and approaches to secularity; and
by global economic inequalities and attendant patterns of
urbanization and migration. Studying divorce as a mode of Islamic
law in practice shows us that the Islamic legal tradition is
flexible, malleable, and context-dependent.
eBook
Tradisi Wuku Taun sebagai B entuk Integrasi Agama Islam dengan Budaya Sunda pada Masyarakat Adat Cikondang
This article write starts from some phenomena of the relation between religions and local cultures. Such relation is interesting to do research that interpretations of the relation between religion and local cultures to certain societies are various. The interaction between Islam and local cultures also undergoes variuos form of relation. Variety of the form of relation between Islam and local cultures in a society depends upon their understanding and interpretation of Islamic teachings itself. One of the forms of relation between Islam and local cultures can be found in traditional society of Cikondang. The form of relation between Islam and local cultures was occurred in traditional society in Cikondang tends to be the form of integration wich certain pattern. Therefore, the focus of this writer article is to describe relation between Islam and Sundanese cultures in form of integration with wuku taun. Based on data of research the tradisional society of Cikondang represents the part of Sundanese society in wich all of them are muslims. This goes hand in hand with the statement that Islam is Sunda and Sunda is Islam. Sundanese people are Muslims before Islam comes to Sundanese society.Tulisan artikel ini berangkat dari fenomena hubungan agama dengan budaya lokal. Dimana hubungan agama dengan budaya lokal pada suatu masyarakat, mengalami bentuk hubungan yang beragam. Begitu pun hubungan agama Islam dengan budaya lokal mengalami bentuk hubungan yang beragam pula. Beragamnya bentuk hubungan agama Islam dengan budaya lokal pada suatu masyarakat tergantung dari penghayatan terhadap ajaran Islam itu sendiri. Bentuk hubungan agama Islam dengan budaya lokal bisa ditemukan salah satunya pada masyarakat adat Cikondang. Bentuk hubungan yang terjadi antara Islam dengan budaya Sunda pada masyarakat adat Cikondang cenderung dalam bentuk integrasi dengan pola tertentu, sehingga fokus penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengungkap hubungan agama Islam dengan budaya Sunda dalam bentuk integrasi melalui tradisi wuku taun. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, masyarakat Cikondang merepresentasikan sebagian masyarakat Sunda yang seluruhnya beragama Islam. Hal ini tentu sejalan dengan beberapa pernyataan yang menyebutkan Islam itu Sunda dan Sunda itu Islam, orang Sunda sudah Islam sebelum Islam
Journal Article
Making film as an ethical practice: the case of the traditionalist Islamic boarding school students in Indonesia
Until recently, discussions about the rising popularity over the past decade of Islamic-themed films and film-making practices among Muslims in Indonesia have tended to dismiss the phenomenon as a shallow commercialization of the religion, overlooking the significance of what it actually means for the Muslims themselves and how it has impacted their religious experiences. This article aims to examine the adoption of film media among young Muslim students (
santri
) of a traditionalist Islamic boarding school (
pesantren
) in West Java by focusing on its mediation practices. That is, how film adoption among them has shaped and been shaped by their Islamic discourses of becoming good Muslim subjects. In doing so, it considers the social contexts around their filmic practices, distinct topics and narrative styles of their films, and the Islamic discourses that have molded their current attitudes toward film-making practices. The article argues that film media for these Muslim students is no different from the classical texts of Islam, which they have learned for centuries in the
pesantren
as the source of their religious knowledge, in a sense that the former is capable of rendering tangible the ethical and spiritual elements of the latter. In turn, this has led them to perceive their films and film-making practices as a modality of learning, one that is imbued with authoritative power just as the sacred texts, with which they perfect themselves to become meaningful Muslims, an ethical value rooted deeply in the Islamic tradition.
Journal Article
From traditional religious leader to actor of social change: a comprehensive Systematic literature network analysis the role of a Kyai in Indonesia based on scopus database
This study maps and analyzes the evolving role of a Kyai in Indonesia, from traditional religious leaders to dynamic actors of social change, using a systematic literature network analysis (SLNA) of 107 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis reveals a shift in the role of a Kyai from conventional religious authority to broader domains, including education, social leadership, politics, digital adaptation, and environmental advocacy. Employing bibliometric techniques and visualization tools such as VOSviewer, the study identifies key publication trends, collaborative networks, and thematic clusters. It highlights the growing academic focus on the role of a Kyai in digital leadership, gender justice, and sustainable development. The results show that while interest in research related to a Kyai has increased significantly, much of it remains descriptive and context-specific, lacking global and comparative perspectives. The study contributes to the literature by offering a quantitative and qualitative mapping of research on a Kyai, uncovering underexplored areas. This bibliometric analysis provides a valuable foundation for future research that seeks to understand Islamic leadership in contemporary Muslim societies. Although limited to the Scopus database, this study offers original insight into how a Kyai has transformed within Indonesia’s religious and socio-political landscape. It also suggests directions for interdisciplinary and cross-cultural scholarship.
Journal Article
Ombudsman (Muhtasib) in Business Regulation: A Cross Cultural Analysis
Ombudsman, known as Muhtasib in Islamic tradition; is an independent, impartial, and confidential complaint handler who serves as an alternative means of dispute resolution. Historical account shows that ombudsman institutions have been known in different cultures with various nomenclatures. The Islamic Muhtasib which has been proven to predate its similitude in other cultures is an evidence of cross-cultural learning from Islamic tradition to other cultures. This remains factual notwithstanding the lack of homogeneity of its origin as well as its modern usage in public administration, human right and business regulation. Through the use of doctrinal approach and library tools, the paper presents histology of ombudsman in the Islamic, Greek, Chinese and Scandinavian tradition. The study finds that ombudsman in the Islamic legal tradition is more suitable to business regulation than similar institution which exists in other cultures
Journal Article
Old Texts, New Practices
In 1910, al-Mahdi al-Wazzani, a prominent Moroccan Islamic scholar completed his massive compilation of Maliki fatwas. An eleven-volume set, it is the most extensive collection of fatwas written and published in the Arab Middle East during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Al-Wazzani's legal opinions addressed practical concerns and questions: What are the ethical and legal duties of Muslims residing under European rule? Is emigration from non-Muslim territory an absolute duty? Is it ethical for Muslim merchants to travel to Europe? Is it legal to consume European-manufactured goods? It was his expectation that these fatwas would help the Muslim community navigate the modern world.
In considering al-Wazzani's work, this book explores the creative process of transforming Islamic law to guarantee the survival of a Muslim community in a changing world. It is the first study to treat Islamic revival and reform from discourses informed by the sociolegal concerns that shaped the daily lives of ordinary people. Etty Terem challenges conventional scholarship that presents Islamic tradition as inimical to modernity and, in so doing, provides a new framework for conceptualizing modern Islamic reform. Her innovative and insightful reorientation constructs the origins of modern Islam as firmly rooted in the messy complexity of everyday life.
eBook
Dreams that matter
Dreams that Matter explores the social and material life of dreams in contemporary Cairo. Amira Mittermaier guides the reader through landscapes of the imagination that feature Muslim dream interpreters who draw on Freud, reformists who dismiss all forms of divination as superstition, a Sufi devotional group that keeps a diary of dreams related to its shaykh, and ordinary believers who speak of moving encounters with the Prophet Muhammad. In close dialogue with her Egyptian interlocutors, Islamic textual traditions, and Western theorists, Mittermaier teases out the dream's ethical, political, and religious implications. Her book is a provocative examination of how present-day Muslims encounter and engage the Divine that offers a different perspective on the Islamic Revival. Dreams That Matter opens up new spaces for an anthropology of the imagination, inviting us to rethink both the imagined and the real.
eBook