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In this work the development of RMs of mass concetration of the main components (propanol-1 and propanol-2) in biological objects (urine, blood) are described.

Currently, the generation of genetic diversity for microbial cell factories outpaces the screening of strain variants with omics-based phenotyping methods. Especially isotopic labeling experiments, which constitute techniques aimed at elucidating cellular phenotypes and supporting rational strain design by growing microorganisms on substrates enriched with heavy isotopes, suffer from comparably low throughput and the high cost of labeled substrates. We present a miniaturized, parallelized, and automated approach to .sup.13C-isotopic labeling experiments by establishing and validating a hot isopropanol quenching method on a robotic platform coupled with a microbioreactor cultivation system. This allows for the first time to conduct automated labeling experiments at a microtiter plate scale in up to 48 parallel batches. A further innovation enabled by the automated quenching method is the analysis of free amino acids instead of proteinogenic ones on said microliter scale. Capitalizing on the latter point and as a proof of concept, we present an isotopically instationary labeling experiment in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032, generating dynamic labeling data of free amino acids in the process. Our results show that a robotic liquid handler is sufficiently fast to generate informative isotopically transient labeling data. Furthermore, the amount of biomass obtained from a sub-milliliter cultivation in a microbioreactor is adequate for the detection of labeling patterns of free amino acids. Combining the innovations presented in this study, isotopically stationary and instationary automated labeling experiments can be conducted, thus fulfilling the prerequisites for .sup.13C-metabolic flux analyses in high-throughput.

Many industrial chemicals that are produced from fossil resources could be manufactured more sustainably through fermentation. Here we describe the development of a carbon-negative fermentation route to producing the industrially important chemicals acetone and isopropanol from abundant, low-cost waste gas feedstocks, such as industrial emissions and syngas. Using a combinatorial pathway library approach, we first mined a historical industrial strain collection for superior enzymes that we used to engineer the autotrophic acetogen Clostridium autoethanogenum . Next, we used omics analysis, kinetic modeling and cell-free prototyping to optimize flux. Finally, we scaled-up our optimized strains for continuous production at rates of up to ~3 g/L/h and ~90% selectivity. Life cycle analysis confirmed a negative carbon footprint for the products. Unlike traditional production processes, which result in release of greenhouse gases, our process fixes carbon. These results show that engineered acetogens enable sustainable, high-efficiency, high-selectivity chemicals production. We expect that our approach can be readily adapted to a wide range of commodity chemicals. Two industrial chemicals are sustainably produced at large scale by microbial gas fermentation.

Highly thermal conductivity materials with excellent electromagnetic interference shielding and Joule heating performances are ideal for thermal management in the next generation of communication industry, artificial intelligence and wearable electronics. In this work, silver nanowires (AgNWs) are prepared using silver nitrate as the silver source and ethylene glycol as the solvent and reducing agent, and boron nitride (BN) is performed to prepare BN nanosheets (BNNS) with the help of isopropyl alcohol and ultrasonication-assisted peeling method, which are compounded with aramid nanofibers (ANF) prepared by chemical dissociation, respectively, and the (BNNS/ANF)-(AgNWs/ANF) thermal conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding composite films with Janus structures are prepared by the “vacuum-assisted filtration and hot-pressing” method. Janus (BNNS/ANF)-(AgNWs/ANF) composite films exhibit “one side insulating, one side conducting” performance, the surface resistivity of the BNNS/ANF surface is 4.7 × 10 13 Ω, while the conductivity of the AgNWs/ANF surface is 5,275 S/cm. And Janus (BNNS/ANF)-(AgNWs/ANF) composite film with thickness of 95 µm has a high in-plane thermal conductivity coefficient of 8.12 W/(m·K) and superior electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 70 dB. The obtained composite film also has excellent tensile strength of 122.9 MPa and tensile modulus and 2.7 GPa. It also has good temperature-voltage response characteristics (high Joule heating temperature at low supply voltage (5 V, 215.0 °C), fast response time (10 s)), excellent electrical stability and reliability (stable and constant real-time relative resistance under up to 300 cycles and 1,500 s of tensile-bending fatigue work tests).

The article is devoted to the study of reactivity and composition of oil asphaltene esterification products formed in reactions of various duration with and without solvent. As a result of the study, high reactivity of asphaltenes in reaction of esterification with isopropyl alcohol for 40 hours was first shown. Products contain 40 % wt. of fractions soluble in n-heptane and isopropyl alcohol. The increase in the duration of the reaction from 40 to 120 hours leads to counter reaction with the decrease in forming less polar substances by 5-6 % wt. Adding solvent (benzene) into the reaction mixture also negatively influences the effectiveness of asphaltene esterification for 40 hours. The results obtained show that the suggested approach is promising for chemical processing of asphaltene concentrates into less polar low-molecular products.

Novel mixed matrix dense and supported membranes based on biopolymer sodium alginate (SA) modified by fullerenol were developed. Two kinds of SA–fullerenol membranes were investigated: untreated and cross-linked by immersing the dry membranes in 1.25 wt % calcium chloride (CaCl2) in water for 10 min. The structural and physicochemical characteristics features of the SA–fullerenol composite were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic methods, scanning electron (SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and swelling experiments. Transport properties were evaluated in pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol in a wide concentration range. It was found that the developed supported cross-linked SA-5/PANCaCl2 membrane (modified by 5 wt % fullerenol) possessed the best transport properties (the highest permeation fluxes 0.64–2.9 kg/(m2 h) and separation factors 26–73,326) for the pervaporation separation of the water–isopropanol mixture in the wide concentration range (12–90 wt % water) at 22 °C and is suitable for the promising application in industry.