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result(s) for
"Italian language Grammar, comparative French."
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The evolution of complex spatial expressions within the Romance family : a corpus-based study of French and Italian
In this book, Thomas Hoelbeek offers a corpus-based historical study of a group of expressions containing the French noun travers or the Italian noun traverso, previously never analysed from a diachronic perspective.
eBook
Grundlagen der generativen Syntax: Franzosisch, Italienisch, Spanisch
The Romanistische Arbeitshefte (Romance Studies Workbooks), edited by Georgia Veldre-Gerner and Volker Noll since 2004, have been constant and reliable companions for studentsof Romance Studies for over forty years. In their conception, they are designed as a reflection of the present state of research with an orientation towards application andthespecificneeds and difficulties of students. Thus they provide a reliable instrument for getting to grips with various areas of Romance linguistic studies and encourage students to utilise their newly-acquired knowledge with integrated exercises.
eBook
Dynamics of morphological productivity : the evolution of noun classes from Latin to Italian
In Dynamics of Morphological Productivity, Francesco Gardani explores the evolution of the productivity of the noun inflectional classes of Latin and Old Italian, providing a wealth of cleverly organized empirical facts, accompanied by brilliant and groundbreaking analyses.
eBook
What variables condition syntactic transfer? A look at the L3 initial state
This study investigates transfer at the third-language (L3) initial state, testing between the following possibilities: (1) the first language (L1) transfer hypothesis (an L1 effect for all adult acquisition), (2) the second language (L2) transfer hypothesis, where the L2 blocks L1 transfer (often referred to in the recent literature as the 'L2 status factor'; Williams and Hammarberg, 1998), and (3) the Cumulative Enhancement Model (Flynn et al., 2004), which proposes selective transfer from all previous linguistic knowledge. We provide data from successful English-speaking learners of L2 Spanish at the initial state of acquiring L3 French and L3 Italian relating to properties of the Null-Subject Parameter (e. g. Chomsky, 1981; Rizzi, 1982). We compare these groups to each other, as well as to groups of English learners of L2 French and L2 Italian at the initial state, and conclude that the data are consistent with the predictions of the 'L2 status factor'. However, we discuss an alternative possible interpretation based on (psycho) typologically-motivated transfer (borrowing from Kellerman, 1983), providing a methodology for future research in this domain to meaningfully tease apart the 'L2 status factor' from this alternative account.
Journal Article
Interacción Entre Gramática, Didáctica y Lexicografía
This collection of texts deals with lexicographical and grammatical issues of Spanish from a contrastive and didactic perspective.It aims at identifying the phenomena which are most interesting for compiling contrastive grammars and dictionaries for the Spanish language by focussing on the latest developments in the field of foreign language.
eBook
A cross-linguistic study of the acquisition of clitic and pronoun production
This study develops a single elicitation method to test the acquisition of third-person pronominal objects in 5-year-olds for 16 languages. This methodology allows us to compare the acquisition of pronominals in languages that lack object clitics (\"pronoun languages\") with languages that employ clitics in the relevant context (\"clitic languages\"), thus establishing a robust cross-linguistic baseline in the domain of clitic and pronoun production for 5-year-olds. High rates of pronominal production are found in our results, indicating that children have the relevant pragmatic knowledge required to select a pronominal in the discourse setting involved in the experiment as well as the relevant morphosyntactic knowledge involved in the production of pronominals. It is legitimate to conclude from our data that a child who at age 5 is not able to produce any or few pronominals is a child at risk for language impairment. In this way, pronominal production can be taken as a developmental marker, provided that one takes into account certain cross-linguistic differences discussed in the article.
Journal Article
Null Subjects in Non-Pro-Drop Languages: The Lens on French
The contrast between languages such as Italian that allow subjects of tensed sentences to be null (i.e., pro-drop languages) and those like French that do not (i.e., non-pro-drop languages) is a classic issue for comparative syntactic research. Nevertheless, while several studies have been dedicated to pro-drop languages, distinguishing across different types, subject omission in non-pro-drop languages is generally misjudged as a marginal or substandard phenomenon. However, a more careful examination reveals that the occurrence of Null Subjects (NSs) in non-pro-drop languages is associated with distinct semantic and discourse imports. Based on a systematic corpus analysis, this work will confirm that NSs do occur in Colloquial French, especially in the case of expletive subjects. Furthermore, evidence will be provided for a crucial connection between subject omission, expletive types, and the morpho-syntactic categories of person/number for argument pronouns. This pilot work can thus open new perspectives for future research.
Journal Article
The Romance Subjunctive Schema. Grammaticalisations and Constructionalisations in a Comparative CxG Analysis of Spanish, Catalan, French, and Italian
This article applies the principles of Construction Grammar (CxG) to the problem of describing the various subjunctive-constructions in the Romance languages. Departing from a very basic mother construction, all other uses are derived from it via the concept of constructionalisation (c.f. Traugott & Trousdale 2013). The description thus takes the form of a cognitive network that can be represented as a graphic in which all ramifications are represented in a way that allows a synoptic vision of all subjunctive schemas of a given language. These charts are then used for a comparison between various Romance languages. The most important difference appears to be the development of the Honorific-Imperative Construction in all those languages that have developed a formal address-system based on morphologically 3rd person pronouns (Vd., você, vostè); in these languages, morphological subjunctives have given rise to a whole new paradigm of “neo-imperatives”.
Journal Article
Corrective and Exhaustive Foci: A Comparison Between Italian and French
This paper investigates the acceptability of focused Objects with [+corrective, +exhaustive] features in Italian and French, considering the role of syntactic rigidity, Exhaustivity Markers (EMs), and argument structure. We conducted two parallel acceptability judgment experiments (one per language), testing focused Objects in three positions: (i) in situ, (ii) fronted (FF), and (iii) clefted (CC). Each sentence was also presented with and without an explicit EM, and the verb type was controlled across three categories: transitive, unergative, and unaccusative verbs. Results reveal key cross-linguistic differences: (i) FF is the least acceptable strategy in both languages, contradicting the assumption that Italian tolerates FF more than French; (ii) Italian speakers prefer in situ Focus with an explicit EM, whereas French speakers rate in situ and CC Focus equally acceptable, favoring implicit exhaustivity; (iii) verb type does not significantly impact Focus acceptability, except in French, where intervention effects may reduce FF acceptability in transitive/unergative contexts; (iv) CC remains a viable alternative to in situ Focus in French, possibly acting as a repair strategy. These findings suggest that, as far as [+corrective, +exhaustive] Focus is concerned, Italian does not appear to be less syntactically rigid than French.
Journal Article