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"Italy/Italian/Italians"
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Sociology in Italy
It is contended that the rediscovery of sociology in Italy after the end of WWII was not due solely to US cultural influence. At the end of the nineteenth century, sociology in Italy was flourishing; however, as did Nazism in Germany, fascism in Italy reduced the scope of sociology & confined it to strictly technical functions. This is not easily understood by today's young sociologists because they sadly lack historical awareness. The problems confronting Italian sociology at present are common to the social sciences in the rest of Europe. Sociology's critical spirit is declining, especially in autonomous problem formulation & solving. Paradoxically, at the very moment in which sociology is most prosperous & widely recognized, it is turned into an uncritical sociography & faces its own disappearance, due to internal reasons & the pressure of vested interests. Modified AA
Journal Article
A Debate on Italian Sociology: Response to Diana Pinto
Diana Pinto's assessment of the postwar institutionalization of Italian sociology (see SA 29:4/L6418) is criticized on three counts: it overestimates the \"nationalization\" of Italian sociology; it ignores significant theoretical developments; & it treats specific research contributions rather superficially. Italian sociology's principal ties to international sociology are examined, & the important ideological analyses of Italian scientists (eg, Vilfredo Pareto & Antonio Gramsci), are emphasized. In Diana Pinto a Carlo G. Rossetti, Diana Pinto (Instit histoire temps present, Paris, France) responds to charges of exaggerating the \"national\" character of Italian sociology & of ignoring its theoretical aspects. Italian sociology reflects a crisis of explication rather than the constraints of a \"peripheral culture\"; explication must deal more adequately with the development-underdevelopment that has characterized Italy since the war. D. Dunseath.
Journal Article
Families, lovers, and their letters : Italian postwar migration to Canada
\"\"From dust-covered basement boxes and trunks of ordinary people, here comes a path-breaking study of one of the most important migration movements of the postwar era. This is historical interdisciplinary analysis at its best, and certainly bound to make us discover or re-think the complex emotional universe that lies underneath a migration movement. A must reading for anyone interested in migration.\"--Bruno Ramirez, University of Montreal, author of Crossing the 49th Parallel, Migration from Canada to the United States, 1900-1930\" \"\"A wise and insightful book. Cancian introduces us to voices that have never been heard before and she allows readers immersed in today's virtual communications to understand how writing on paper, too, could contribute to the achievement of dreams and the resolution of anxieties and longings.\" --Donna R. Gabaccia, Director, Immigration History Research Center, University of Minnesota, author of Italy's Many Diasporas\" \"Families, Lovers, and their Letters takes us into the passionate hearts and minds of ordinary people caught in the heartbreak of transatlantic migration. It examines the experiences of Italian migrants to Canada and their loved ones left behind in Italy following the Second World War, when the largest migration of Italians to Canada took place.\"
Book
The Complexity of the Political Crisis: Two Commentaries
In Crisis dei partiti ([Crisis of the Parties], Bologna, 1980 [see listing in IRPS No. 25]), Gianfranco Pasquino sees Italian political parties in the grip of a double crisis: lack of input from society, which is shifting to \"pressure groups\" as the principal form of articulating its demands, & lack of output from the state, ie in its inability to make decisions. This results in a crisis of representation that primarily affects the parties themselves, which until recently have served as the principal vehicles for articulating social concerns & translating them into effective policies. In their introduction to Il goberno debole. Forme e limiti della nazionalita politica ([The Weak Government: Forms and Limits of Nationalist Politics], Bari, 1981 [see listing in IRPS No. 25]), Carlo Donolo & Franco Fichera see the roots of the crisis in the fact that while the size & responsibilities of the state have grown, the institutional structures are fragmented, problems are viewed selectively & with deferrence to organized interest groups, decisions are incoherent in the short run & lack clear orientation in the long run. As a result, the political system, which normally should serve as an instrument of coordination & planning, appears more often as the problem than as a solution. S. Karganovic.
Journal Article
Sociology in Postwar Italy, 1950-1980
Five stages in the postwar development of Italian sociology are distinguished: (1) its origins as an intellectual rebellion in an atmosphere of cultural & institutional instability (1950-1955); (2) beginnings of consolidation around technology in a climate of crisis for Marxism (1956-1960); (3) professionalization around the reformist platform of the center Left: the 'golden years' in which the United States model of sociological investigation had predominant influence (1960-1965); (4) crisis between reformism & radicalism: the quest for institutionalization in a revolutionary period (1966-1972); & (5) professional & intellectual consolidation in the University setting, around themes relevant to Italy's social problems: workers' struggle, collective movements, urban problems, north/south contrast, etc (1972-1980). S. Karganovic.
Journal Article
Social Change and Political Processes
Over the past 20 years, 63 articles & notes on political sociology have appeared in Studi di sociologia, constituting 17% of all articles published. Whether theoretical or empirical, all these articles have touched on the relationship between changes in the SE structure of Italy & the organization & function of the political system. Key topics have included macro- & microsocial structures, political change, modernization & political action, legislative processes, processes of conflict, consensus & legitimization, the crisis of modern Italian government, & the balance between capitalistic & socialistic influences in the modernization of the Italian economy. 1 Table, 67 References. M. Meeks.
Journal Article
Speaking of the president
A comparison of US & Italian TV news during the week of President Ronald Reagan's visit to Europe in June 1982. It is argued that the representational form of TV news is shaped by the role TV journalism plays in the life of a society, & carries important political messages beyond the specific content. A number of interrelated differences between Italian & US news presentations are traced to two sources: the fact that US TV is commercial & Italian TV is not, & the differing structures of the public sphere in the two countries, which make the TV journalist a more important & active figure in US politics. Some possible consequences of the differing forms of representation are outlined. 1 Figure. AA.
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