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"Italy Trento."
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Art in Dispute
A re-examinination of the Catholic Church's response to Reformation-era iconoclasm by reconstructing debates about sacred images held in the fifteen years preceding the Council of Trent's image decree (1563). The volume contains editions and translations of the original texts.
eBook
A Comparative Study of Common and Rare Species in Spring Habitats
Even though there is no reason to believe in a unique mechanism that would explain rarity, recognizing common patterns might aid in identifying effective conservation strategies. This study therefore approached the problem of rarity in spring habitats both at the level of multiple taxonomic groups (molluscs, oligochaeta, water mites, copepods, ostracods, chironomids, stoneflies, caddisflies, diatoms, and vascular plants) and, in more detail, at the level of a single group (bryophytes). The aim was to evaluate whether the proportion of rare species was associated with uncommon environmental conditions, while for the bryophytes an additional aim was to test whether common and rare species differed concerning their niche parameters (niche breadth and niche position), their biological traits (involved in dispersal processes), and their habitat preferences. Overall, 4 major results may be highlighted. 1) The significant concordance between the rarity of virtually all the taxonomic groups inhabiting spring habitats and their environmental conditions suggested that most of the rare species at community level might be explained by their uncommon resource requirements. 2) Rare bryophyte species not only had high niche positions, as did all the taxonomic groups, but also had narrow niche breadths. This result suggests an interesting distinction between resource use and resource availability. 3) Because the species traits linked to dispersal ability did not differ between common and rare species, the hypothesis of an important role being played by these traits in determining species distribution was not supported. 4) Among the rare bryophyte species, an undefined number were casual. Because they were less hygrophilous and less influenced by the environment, this result suggests that they might recruit essentially by chance from the surrounding habitats.
Journal Article
Ricerche Archeologiche a Sant’Andrea di Loppio (Trento, Italia)
The island of Sant’ Andrea, situated on the road that since ancient times has linked the Adige Valley with the Lake Garda, once rose impressively from the green expanse of water, but now is a small hump on the edge of a vast marshy basin. Fifteen centuries ago it was the fortified seat of a contingent of soldiers and their families. In 1998, after a long series of sporadic discoveries that started way back in the 19th century, the Archeaology Section of the Rovereto Civic Museum began a research and study project that involved a series of summer excavations, that brought to light a multi-layered archeological site with finds ranging from the prehistoric age to late antiquity, medieval times and right through to even the First World War. Along the northeastern side and the southern edge of the island the remains have been found of some buildings that can be traced to a fortified settlement and on the top part of the hump the remains of a Romanesque church have been investigated. The buildings that made up the settlement illustrate a complex series of construction periods; so far these have been dated between the 5th and 7th centuries. Numerous examples of armoury and military clothing have been found in the settlement area and this clearly suggests the military function of the site. The volume is devoted to the results of the research in the castrum: A general overview of the site is followed by a part devoted to periodization and stratigraphic analysis of the dig; then there is a large section that includes contributions on the small finds; the fourth part contains some concluding remarks.
eBook
Trent
Trent, the Catholic Church’s attempt to put its house in order after the Reformation, has long been praised and blamed for things it never did. This one-volume history, the first in modern times, explores the volatile issues that pushed several Holy Roman emperors, kings and queens of France, five popes, and all of Europe to the brink of disaster.
eBook
Global digital elevation models for terrain morphology analysis in mountain environments: insights on Copernicus GLO-30 and ALOS AW3D30 for a large Alpine area
This study focuses on the quality evaluation of two of the best 1 arc-second public global digital elevation models (DEMs), Copernicus GLO-30 DEM and ALOS AW3D30 DSM, from the perspective of their capability to represent the terrain fine-scale morphology of a complex alpine landscape, located in the Italian Trentino Province. The analysis is performed on an area of 6210 km2, considering a reference DEM derived from a high resolution and accurate airborne Lidar survey. The quality assessment goes beyond a conventional approach based on elevation differences statistics, computed on a pixels-by-pixel basis. An ad hoc approach for evaluating the capability to represent fine-scale morphology, including surface roughness, is adopted. Moreover, the quality analysis is performed considering the influence of local morphology and of the different land covers. The findings show that although the two global DEMs have comparable overall quality, their relative performances change according to local landscape characteristics. Copernicus DEM performance is on average better than ALOS in correspondence of urbanized areas as well as in areas without vegetation cover, with gentle slopes and relatively low short-range roughness. Meanwhile, ALOS DEM performance is slightly better than Copernicus in rougher terrain and steeper slopes. In general, both DEMs have poor performances in steep slopes, with a limited capability to describe fine-scale morphology. The adoption of these global DEMs for terrain analysis and modelling of earth surface processes should be performed carefully, considering the impact of different land covers and of local morphology, including surface roughness.
Journal Article
Ricerche Archeologiche a Sant'Andrea Di Loppio (Trento, Italia)
The island of Sant' Andrea, situated on the road that since ancient times has linked the Adige Valley with the Lake Garda, is now little more than a small hump on the edge of a vast marshy basin. Excavations reveal a multi-layered archeological site with finds ranging from the prehistoric age right through to the First World War.
eBook
The Archaeological Excavations in the Castel Corno Caves (Isera, Trento, Italy)
The Archaeological Excavations in the Castel Corno Caves
presents the results of two different excavation campaigns in a
prehistoric archaeological site in a deep cave in Trentino Alto
Adige (Castel Corno, Isera, Trento, Italy). The excavations
uncovered a number of tombs deep in the cave and, outside, the
remains of a settlement. The site is significant for the excellent
preservation of the artefacts and of the animal and human bones, a
result of the depth of the cave. Despite damage caused by grave
robbers, a considerable quantity of data was recovered enabling the
partial reconstruction of human activity in this area. In the tombs
the remains of seven individuals were excavated. Radiocarbon dating
indicates that the tombs can be dated between the end of the Copper
Age and the beginning of the Early Bronze Age (25th-21st centuries
BC), but the occupation of the site, for ritual and settlement
purposes, continued at least until the end of the Early Bronze Age
(18th-17th centuries BC).
eBook
Permian continental basins in the Southern Alps (Italy) and peri-mediterranean correlations
The Late Carboniferous to Permian continental successions of the Southern Alps can be subdivided into two main tectono-sedimentary Cycles, separated by a marked unconformity sealing a Middle Permian time gap, generally estimated at over 10 Ma. The lower cycle (1), between the Variscan crystalline basement and the Early Permian, is mainly characterised by fluvio-lacustrine and volcanic deposits of calc-alkaline acidic-to-intermediate composition, which range up to a maximum thickness of more than 2,000 m. The upper cycle (2), which is devoid of volcanics, is mostly dominated through the Mid?–Late Permian by alluvial sedimentation which covered the previous basins and the surrounding highs, giving rise to the subaerial Verrucano Lombardo-Val Gardena (Gröden) red-beds, up to about 800 m thick. The palaeontological record from the terrigenous deposits of both the above cycles consists mainly of macro- and microfloras and tetrapod footprints. The age of the continental deposits is widely discussed because of the poor chronological significance of a large number of fossils which do not allow reliable datings; however, some sections are also controlled by radiometric calibrations. The comparison with some selected continental successions in southern Europe allows to determine their evolution and set up correlations. A marked stratigraphic gap shows everywhere between the above-mentioned Cycles 1 and 2. As in the Southern Alps, the gap reaches the greatest extent during the Mid-Permian, near the Illawarra Reversal geomagnetic event (265 Ma). In western Europe, however, such as in Provence and Sardinia, the discussed gap persists upwardly to Late Permian and Early Triassic or slightly younger times, i.e. to the onset of the “Alpine sedimentary Cycle”, even though in northeastern Spain (Iberian Ranges, Balearic Islands) this gap results clearly interrupted by late Guadalupian–Lopingian deposits. The above two major tectonosedimentary cycles reflect, in our view, two main geodynamic events that affected the southern Europe after the Variscan orogenesis: the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian transformation of the Gondwana–Eurasia collisional margin into a diffuse dextral transform margin and the Middle–Late Permian opening of the Neotethys Ocean, with the onset of a generalised extensional tectonic regime and the progressive westward marine ingression.
Journal Article
Brief communication: Mountain permafrost acts as an aquitard during an infiltration experiment monitored with electrical resistivity tomography time-lapse measurements
Frozen layers within the subsurface of rock glaciers are generally assumed to act as aquicludes or aquitards. So far, this behavior has been mainly defined by analyzing the geochemical characteristics of spring waters. In this work, for the first time, we experimentally confirmed this assumption by executing an infiltration test in a rock glacier of the Southern Alps, Italy. Time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique monitored the infiltration of 800 L of saltwater released on the surface of the rock glacier; 24 h ERT monitoring highlighted that the injected water was not able to infiltrate into the underlying frozen layer.
Journal Article