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"Jacobins."
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Terror and terroir
Terror and terroir investigates the Comité Régional d'Action Viticole (CRAV), a loose affiliation of militant winegrowers in the sun-drenched, southern vineyards of the Languedoc. Since 1961, they have fought to protect their livelihood. They were responsible for sabotage, bombings, hijackings and even the shooting of a policeman. Against the backdrop of European integration and decolonisation they have rallied around banners of Resistance and their strong Republican heritage, whilst their peasant protests fed into Occitan and anti-globalisation movements.At heart, however, the CRAV remain farmers championing the right of people to live and work the land. Between the romantic mythology of terroir, and the misguided, passionate violence of terror, this book unpicks the contentious issues of regionalism, protest and violence. It offers an insight into a neglected area of France's past that continues to impinge on its future, infused with one of the most potent symbols of French culture: wine.
eBook
The trouble with history : morality, revolution, and counterrevolution
\"Renowned Eastern European author Adam Michnik was jailed for more than six years by the communist regime in Poland for his dissident activities. He was an outspoken voice for democracy in the world divided by the Iron Curtain and has remained so to the present day. In this thoughtful and provocative work, the man the Financial Times named \"one of the 20 most influential journalists in the world\" strips fundamentalism of its religious component and examines it purely as a secular political phenomenon. Comparing modern-day Poland with postrevolutionary France, Michnik offers a stinging critique of the ideological \"virus of fundamentalism\" often shared by emerging democracies: the belief that, by using techniques of intimidating public opinion, a state governed by \"sinless individuals\" armed with a doctrine of the only correct means of organizing human relations can build a world without sin. Michnik employs deep historical analysis and keen political observation in his insightful five-point philosophical meditation on morality in public life, ingeniously expounding on history, religion, moral thought, and the present political climate in his native country and throughout Europe\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Polityka i dyscyplinowanie widowisk Opera w rewolucyjnej Francji w latach 1789–1794
This article discusses the ways in which performances were disciplined in revolu- tionary France between 1789 and 1794. It presents the socio-political contexts of two legal acts regulating the production and staging of plays: the relatively liberal Le Chapelier Law of 13 January 1791 and the repressive Decree of the National Convention of 2 August 1793, which turned French theater and opera into a pro- paganda platform of the Jacobin regime, imposing ideology and topics on the artists. The artistic practice of the time is illustrated by two operas: Étienne Nicolas Méhul’s Hadrian, Emperor of Rome and François-Joseph Gossec’s The Triumph of the Republic. The former was suspended one day before the premiere, scheduled for 13 March 1792, as the Paris Commune deemed it overtly monarchical and politically incorrect in a France where the foundations of the Bourbon monarchy were already shaking, and the extremely polarised public sentiment was about to pave the way towards a republic. The latter was composed shortly after the fall of the monarchy and staged in early 1793. The Triumph of the Republic set new aesthetic standards for French republican and patriotic opera. Gossec’s work is discussed as an example of the principles of the new cultural politics of the Jacobin dictatorship, based on unprecedented repression and censorship.
Journal Article
Melancholy politics : loss, mourning, and memory in late modern France
\"A study of the cultural politics of loss and mourning in France from 1978 to the present. Focuses on national identity, secularism, Jacobin republicanism, and political-cultural exceptionalism\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Experimental Study on Motion Control of Rope-Driven Snake Manipulator Using Velocity Mapping Method
The rope-driven snake manipulator is a bionic mechanism with hyper redundant DOFs and can be applied in narrow and confined environments, such as surgery, spacecraft, nuclear plant, etc. The kinematic mapping expressed by the rope length, joint angle and end pose is highly nonlinear and difficult to be calculated. Moreover, the control methods with rope length as input are prone to redundant driving ropes getting stuck due to differences in model and actual mechanism. Therefore, the perfect kinematic mapping of the rope-driven snake manipulator is necessary for designing high-efficiency motion controllers. In this paper, an analytical mapping about the velocities of ropes, joints and end is established and verified. Firstly, a prototype inspired by the biological snake spine is designed. And then the Jacobian matrix representing the velocity mapping is derived and analyzed in detail. The joint and rope velocities are optimized by configuring the null space vector of the Jacobian matrix. Based on the velocity mapping and optimization, a motion control scheme for the snake manipulator is established to realize servo control of the joints and end. Finally, the trajectory tracking simulation and experiment are executed to verify the velocity mapping theory and control scheme. This research can provide solutions for the complex motion control problems of subsequent snake manipulators.
Journal Article
Confronting Black Jacobins : the U.S., the Haitian Revolution, and the origins of the Dominican Republic
\"The Haitian Revolution, the product of the first successful slave revolt, was truly world-historic in its impact. When Haiti declared independence in 1804, the leading powers--France, Great Britain, and Spain--suffered an ignominious defeat and the New World was remade. The island revolution also had a profound impact on Haiti's mainland neighbor, the United States. Inspiring the enslaved and partisans of emancipation while striking terror throughout the Southern slaveocracy, it propelled the fledgling nation one step closer to civil war. Gerald Horne's pathbreaking new work explores the complex and often fraught relationship between the United States and the island of Hispaniola. Giving particular attention to the responses of African Americans, Horne surveys the reaction in the United States to the revolutionary process in the nation that became Haiti, the splitting of the island in 1844, which led to the formation of the Dominican Republic, and the failed attempt by the United States to annex both in the 1870s. Drawing upon a rich collection of archival and other primary source materials, Horne deftly weaves together a disparate array of voices--world leaders and diplomats, slaveholders, white abolitionists, and the freedom fighters he terms Black Jacobins. Horne at once illuminates the tangled conflicts of the colonial powers, the commercial interests and imperial ambitions of U.S. elites, and the brutality and tenacity of the American slaveholding class, while never losing sight of the freedom struggles of Africans both on the island and on the mainland, which sought the fulfillment of the emancipatory promise of 18th century republicanism\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
French Revolutionary Transformations of Diplomatic Practice
This article focuses on questions of rupture and continuity in European international relations around 1800, taking French revolutionary diplomatic practice in the Ottoman Empire as a case in point. Historians who have studied the conduct of French revolutionary diplomacy tend to emphasize the ruptures in revolutionary diplomatic practice. The analysis of Franco-Ottoman alliance negotiations (1792–1797) does not fully match with this assessment. Although it is certainly true that the Revolution led to great alterations in French diplomatic culture, French diplomats were often far from discarding all diplomatic conventions. The article gives a short overview over the diplomatic agents working for the French embassy and their reactions to the Revolution in France. It then presents the Ottoman reaction to the regime change in France, in particular with regards to the transition from monarchy to republic. The main focus is on the question of innovation and continuity in diplomatic practice and on the self-representation of the new French state.
Journal Article
Robust Optimal Investment Problem with Delay under Heston’s Model
This paper considers a robust optimal portfolio problem under Heston model in which the risky asset price is related to the historical performance. The finance market includes a riskless asset and a risky asset whose price is controlled by a stochastic delay equation. The objective is to choose the investment strategy to maximize the minimal expected utility of terminal wealth. By employing dynamic programming principle and Hamilton-Jacobin-Bellman (HJB) equation, we obtain the specific expression of the optimal control and the explicit solution of the corresponding HJB equation. Besides, a verification theorem is provided to ensure the value function is indeed the solution of the HJB equation. Finally, we use numerical examples to illustrate the relationship between the optimal strategy and parameters.
Journal Article
Utopia's Garden
The royal Parisian botanical garden, the Jardin du Roi, was a jewel in the crown of the French Old Regime, praised by both rulers and scientific practitioners. Yet unlike many such institutions, the Jardin not only survived the French Revolution but by 1800 had become the world's leading public establishment of natural history: the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. E. C. Spary traces the scientific, administrative, and political strategies that enabled the foundation of the Muséum, arguing that agriculture and animal breeding rank alongside classification and collections in explaining why natural history was important for French rulers. But the Muséum's success was also a consequence of its employees' Revolutionary rhetoric: by displaying the natural order, they suggested, the institution could assist in fashioning a self-educating, self-policing Republican people. Natural history was presented as an indispensable source of national prosperity and individual virtue. Spary's fascinating account opens a new chapter in the history of France, science, and the Enlightenment.
eBook