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"Jordan Strategic aspects."
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The associations among market orientation, technology orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between three variables of strategic orientation (market orientation, technology orientation entrepreneurial orientation) and organizational performance in the Jordanian pharmaceutical sector.
Design/methodology/approach
This study employed a quantitative research design where 252 questionnaires were collected form respondents operating in various pharmaceutical companies in Jordan to obtain necessary data to test the hypotheses developed for the study. Multiple regressions were used to analyze the research data.
Findings
The results of the analysis revealed that strategic orientations were positively and significantly related to organizational performance. The findings also showed that market orientation contributed the most to the enhancement of organizational development followed by technology orientation and finally entrepreneurship orientation.
Practical implications
These findings contribute to the understanding of the importance of employing multiple strategic orientations in order to enhance organizational performance, particularly in pharmaceutical companies
Originality/value
This is the first study which adequately covers the relationship between three variables of strategic orientation (market orientation, technology orientation, entrepreneurial orientation) and organizational performance in the Jordanian pharmaceutical sector.
Journal Article
Digital Transformation and Competitive Advantage in the Service Sector: A Moderated-Mediation Model
Digital transformation is important not only in the manufacturing sector but can also help service-based organizations to achieve competitive advantage. Therefore, this study has examined the impact of digital transformation on competitive advantage and the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation. Innovation capability is considered a moderator between digital transformation and competitive advantage. The data for the research were gathered from service companies in Jordan, and AMOS was utilized for the analysis. The results revealed that digital transformation not only influences competitive advantage but also affects entrepreneurial orientation. Entrepreneurial orientation significantly mediates the relationship between digital transformation and competitive advantage. In addition, innovation capabilities moderate the relationship between digital transformation, competitive advantage, and entrepreneurial orientation. Innovation, production, and operational managers as well as owners of service companies can use the results of this research as a guideline for policy-making in order to develop a competitive advantage.
Journal Article
The Effect of Auricular Massage on Naso‐Oral Suctioning Procedural Pain in Premature Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study
In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), premature neonates frequently endure painful procedures that can lead to long-lasting sequelae, underscoring the critical need for safe and effective pain management strategies. Auricular massage has demonstrated significant benefits for children, including anxiety and stress relief. Investigating its effectiveness in alleviating pain in neonates could introduce a valuable nonpharmacological approach to pain management, enhancing the overall care and comfort of these vulnerable infants.
This research is aimed at studying the effectiveness of a 3-min session of auricular massage in reducing pain caused by nasal and oral suctioning among premature neonates in the NICU in Jordan.
A randomized controlled trial employing a single-blind crossover design was conducted in a single hospital. Preterm neonates were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In Condition I, neonates initially received auricular massage treatment after suctioning, followed, after 2 days, by no massage after suctioning. Conversely, in Condition II, neonates had the reversed sequence, starting with no massage and then receiving auricular massage treatment after 2 days. Pain levels in the neonates were assessed using the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) scale.
Data from 60 preterm neonates were analyzed using the SPSS Version 28. Chi-square and independent
-tests revealed no significant differences between neonates in the study conditions based on gender (
= 0.43), gestational age (
= 0.41), and body weight (
= 0.35). Paired
-test results indicated a significant difference in pain scores when comparing periods of auricular massage to periods without massage. The mean pain score following auricular massage was 3.63 (SD = 2.36), whereas it was 10.23 (SD = 2.40) in the absence of massage.
Auricular massage for a 3-min duration is an effective nursing intervention that warrants consideration as a nonpharmacological method of pain relief for premature neonates during admission to the NICU.
Journal Article
Intellectual capital stocks and flows: examining the mediating roles of social capital and knowledge transfer
Purpose
This study aims to develop and empirically test a “stocks and flows”-based model of intellectual capital (IC) that examines how human-embodied knowledge (i.e., human capital) can be transformed into organisational non-embodied knowledge (i.e., organisational capital) through the mediating roles of social capital and the knowledge management (KM) process of knowledge transfer.
Design/methodology/approach
A structural model was developed and empirically tested using a survey data set of 295 questionnaires collected from the “knowledge-intensive” pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Jordan.
Findings
Empirical results revealed that each of human capital, social capital and knowledge transfer has a positive and significant effect on organizational capital. In particular, knowledge transfer emerged as having the strongest effect. Social capital, on the other hand, emerged as having a positive and significant effect on knowledge transfer. Mediation analysis revealed that while human capital significantly affects organizational capital, such an effect is partially and significantly mediated by each of social capital as well as knowledge transfer.
Practical implications
This study provides senior managers in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms with valuable insights pertaining to the development of their IC, in terms of how to exploit their knowledge stocks (i.e. human-embodied knowledge and organizational non-embodied knowledge) through managing knowledge flows between them. This was shown to be significantly leveraged by the mediating roles of social capital as well as knowledge transfer.
Originality/value
This study provides important theoretical and empirical contributions to the extant literature in a number of ways. It provides better understanding of the intricate linkages among IC dimensions, and how these play complementary roles in organizational capital development. It has also provided important empirical evidence highlighting the vital mediating roles of social capital and knowledge transfer in facilitating knowledge flows, which aid in transforming human-embodied knowledge stocks into organizational-embodied ones.
Journal Article
Efficiency assessment and determinants of performance: A study of Jordanʹs banks using DEA and tobit regression
This comprehensive study explored the efficiency landscape of the Jordanian banking industry from 2006 to 2021, utilizing a dual-pronged approach. First, we assessed the efficiency scores of 15 commercial banks, comprising 13 conventional and 2 Islamic institutions, through data envelopment analysis (DEA). Secondly, we investigated the determinants influencing relative efficiency using the Tobit regression model. Our dataset, spanning 240 observations over 16 years, provides a nuanced examination of industry dynamics. DEA, specifically focusing on variable return to scale (VRS), unveils efficiency scores by accounting for scale inefficiencies. The research contributes insights into the operational efficacy of Jordanian banks and provides a robust methodology for understanding efficiency dynamics in the broader financial landscape. The results reveal significant relationships between return on assets, return on equity, GDP growth, and efficiency. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that Islamic banks demonstrate higher efficiency compared to conventional banks. Additionally, non-significant associations were observed with credit risk, bank size, and the ratio of loan loss provision over net income. The findings hold implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers aiming to bolster the resilience and competitiveness of Jordan's banking sector
Journal Article
Challenges to Working Practices During the COVID-19 Lockdowns: Insights Through Academic Studies
Remote work, as a technologically possible and widely applicable working mode, gained renewed attention during lockdowns amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. On one hand, remote work ensured that working remained sustainable; on the other hand, the unexpected and widespread nature of the immediate shift to remote work led to issues in terms of practicing and adapting to the process. Moreover, remote work can have strong social, economic, and environmental effects that have to be comprehensively understood. The high interest of employees in continuing with full or hybrid remote work calls for effective coping strategies at the individual and organizational levels in the future. This article focuses on academic studies documenting the peculiarities of remote work during the COVID-19 lockdowns. The aim is to identify the issues relating to remote work during the COVID-19 lockdowns that are documented in academic studies and thematically classify them into a range of factors. In this study, bibliometric and content analyses were employed, leading to comprehensive insights into the following areas: (1) remote work as a cause for changes in physical and psychological health; (2) remote work as a cause for changes in daily behavior, routine, and lifestyle; (3) factors that affect the process and productivity of remote work; (4) societal, economic, and environmental consequences of remote work; and (5) the distribution of the effects of remote work on individuals, economic subjects, and sectors. In conclusion, this study on working practices during the COVID-19 lockdowns that were documented in academic studies offers several benefits and areas of novelty: first, a comprehensive overview of the widespread process of adjusting to this new working mode; second, a classification of factors that affected the process at different stages and in different areas; and third, common factors that had more widespread effects during the remote working period. The findings also offer the following theoretical and practical implications: For researchers, this article can be a reference offering a holistic view of remote working during these lockdowns. For practitioners, it can provide an understanding of the impacting factors and their contextualization in terms of health, sociodemographic, and sectoral aspects can allow for more accurate human resource management strategies.
Journal Article
Determinants of estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study
Diabetic nephropathy is a critical complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), contributing to global morbidity and mortality. In Jordan, the rising diabetes prevalence has heightened concerns about associated comorbidities. The present study investigated clinical and biochemical determinants of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a key marker of renal function, in patients with T2DM, emphasizing factors that may inform targeted interventions. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 236 patients with T2DM was performed, integrating demographic, clinical and laboratory data. Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression models identified predictors of the eGFR, while patients were stratified into chronic kidney disease (CKD) and non-CKD groups (eGFR thresholds of <60 vs. ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2) for comparative analysis, given the clinical relevance of CKD as a major complication of T2DM. The cohort, comprising 236 patients with T2DM, exhibited advanced age (mean, 60.7±10.4 years) and an elevated BMI (30.2±5.4 kg/m2), reflecting common metabolic comorbidities. Multivariate regression analysis revealed age (β, -0.418; P<0.001) and triglyceride (β, -0.176; P=0.01), serum potassium (β, -0.236; P<0.001) and epidermal growth factor levels (EGF; β, 0.146; P=0.02) as independent predictors of the eGFR, underscoring interlinked metabolic and renal pathways. Comparative analysis of the CKD (n=59) and non-CKD (n=177) groups revealed significant differences in age, insulin resistance (based on Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance), triglyceride levels, hematological indices and potassium levels (P<0.05), reinforcing the role of metabolic dysregulation in renal decline. These findings align with regional trends, where T2DM prevalence exceeds global averages and insulin resistance remains poorly managed. The present study highlighted the importance of integrated management strategies addressing metabolic and renal factors, particularly among older adults with prolonged T2DM. The interplay among potassium, triglyceride and EGF levels highlights potential targets for early intervention. Such approaches may mitigate renal complications in the T2DM population, where delayed diagnosis and metabolic comorbidities exacerbate disease progression.
Journal Article